util/qht: atomically set b->hashes

ThreadSanitizer detects a possible race between reading/writing the
hashes. The ordering semantics are already documented for QHT however
for true C11 compliance we should use relaxed atomic primitives for
accesses that are done across threads. On x86 this slightly changes to
the code to not do a load/compare in a single instruction leading to a
slight performance degradation.

Running 'taskset -c 0 tests/qht-bench -n 1 -d 10' (i.e. all lookups) 10
times, we get:

before the patch:
 $ ./mean.pl 34.04 34.24 34.38 34.25 34.18 34.51 34.46 34.44 34.29 34.08
 34.287 +- 0.160072900059109
after:
 $ ./mean.pl 33.94 34.00 33.52 33.46 33.55 33.71 34.27 34.06 34.28 34.58
 33.937 +- 0.374731014640279

Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Message-Id: <20160930213106.20186-10-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

util/qht.c

@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ static void qht_bucket_reset__locked(struct qht_bucket *head)
             if (b->pointers[i] == NULL) {
                 goto done;
             }
-            b->hashes[i] = 0;
+            atomic_set(&b->hashes[i], 0);
             atomic_set(&b->pointers[i], NULL);
         }
         b = b->next;
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ void *qht_do_lookup(struct qht_bucket *head, qht_lookup_func_t func,
 
     do {
         for (i = 0; i < QHT_BUCKET_ENTRIES; i++) {
-            if (b->hashes[i] == hash) {
+            if (atomic_read(&b->hashes[i]) == hash) {
                 /* The pointer is dereferenced before seqlock_read_retry,
                  * so (unlike qht_insert__locked) we need to use
                  * atomic_rcu_read here.
@@ -538,8 +538,8 @@ static bool qht_insert__locked(struct qht *ht, struct qht_map *map,
     if (new) {
         atomic_rcu_set(&prev->next, b);
     }
-    b->hashes[i] = hash;
     /* smp_wmb() implicit in seqlock_write_begin.  */
+    atomic_set(&b->hashes[i], hash);
     atomic_set(&b->pointers[i], p);
     seqlock_write_end(&head->sequence);
     return true;
@@ -607,10 +607,10 @@ qht_entry_move(struct qht_bucket *to, int i, struct qht_bucket *from, int j)
     qht_debug_assert(to->pointers[i]);
     qht_debug_assert(from->pointers[j]);
 
-    to->hashes[i] = from->hashes[j];
+    atomic_set(&to->hashes[i], from->hashes[j]);
     atomic_set(&to->pointers[i], from->pointers[j]);
 
-    from->hashes[j] = 0;
+    atomic_set(&from->hashes[j], 0);
     atomic_set(&from->pointers[j], NULL);
 }