feat: add retaining of the screen to the stack navigator

[osdnk]

The changes are pretty straightforward and should be expressive enough to understand by reading the codebase. This PR:

• Adds the new retaining feature including changes in the router and minor changes in the card stack (as temporarily scene can include both the preloaded route and the one getting detached )
• Moves around some leftovers from the previous PR (chore: move removePreload to the stack router and enable preloading in the material-top-tabs #11758 )
• Adds tests

To test, try the example.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 5 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (1a8ea15) 76.63% compared to head (684cd48) 76.74%.
Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
packages/native/src/useLinkBuilder.tsx	33.33%	2 Missing ⚠️
packages/stack/src/views/Stack/CardStack.tsx	66.66%	2 Missing ⚠️
packages/routers/src/StackRouter.tsx	91.66%	1 Missing ⚠️

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Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #11765      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   76.63%   76.74%   +0.10%     
==========================================
  Files         207      207              
  Lines        6095     6101       +6     
  Branches     2377     2384       +7     
==========================================
+ Hits         4671     4682      +11     
+ Misses       1372     1367       -5     
  Partials       52       52              

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[github-actions]

The Expo app for the example from this branch is ready!

https://expo.dev/@react-navigation/react-navigation-example?serviceType=eas&distribution=expo-go&scheme=exp+react-navigation-example&channel=pr-11765&sdkVersion=49.0.0