kafka: update describe configs version

[NyaliaLui]

Cover letter

KIP-569 updated DescribeConfigs to include a documentation string and config type enum in the response. Therefore this PR updates DescribeConfigs to the new API version with the new fields.

Fixes #4170

Changes from force-push 0e814de:

• Group changes to the schemata and generator.py in the same commit and update that commit message the the sourced Kafka version
• Use enum naming schema int_type for reserved keywords
• Use the same integral sizes that Java uses
• Use base_property.desc() for the documentation text
• Define the mapping from property types -> describe_config_type. This is for the ConfigType field from KIP-569

Changes from force-push 15ff3eb:

• Use reflection::is_std_vector
• Account for unsigned integral types
• Account for several ADTs such as model::compression
• Recursively call property_config_type when the type is an optional
• Pass std::nullopt into the documentation field when include_documentation is unset
• Remove the make_documentation_string lambda. Instead pass the include_documentation option as an argument
• Edit alter_configs unit test to use the new fields

Changes from force-push 9296d42:

• Use a different "unknown" string when printing an unknown type
• No need to use a temp var for capturing the result of property_config_type
• Strictly base proeprty_config_type on typename T
• Use std::optional<std::optional<T>> to capture a tristate<T>
• Make documentation a std::optional instead of plumbing include_documentation
• Change comment placements

Changes from force-push 0c539cb:

• Resolve conflicts

Changes from force-push 7823436:

• Split property_config_type into property_config_type_by_type and property_config_type_by_name

Changes from force-push 11b5235:

• Convert std::optional to tristate in the tristate overload of add_topic_config
• Pass tristate to final version of add_topic_config

Changes from force-push ee38f8c:

• Add ducktape test using KCL

Changes from force-push bd39be6:

• Account for disabled state in tristate<T> overrides - this was causing DT tests to fail
• Account for all fundamental integral types
• Account for known fundamental char types
• Account for fixed width types
• Default integral type is now int

Changes from force-push 16a0ad6:

• Use constexpr for typetraits instead of a monolith function
• Check integral types by size

Changes from force-push dc87280:

• Use return type auto instead of int for num_bits
• Formatting
• Add !is_bool<T> to integral type traits

Changes from force-push 9f51c67:

• Use !is_bool<T> only for the is_short<T> check

Changes from force-push d186c73:

• Reword the integral type checking to be less confusing: short <= 16bits, 16bits < int <= 32bits, 32bits < long <= 64bits
• Update comments to include the Java type sizes

Backports Required

• none - not a bug fix
• none - issue does not exist in previous branches
• none - papercut/not impactful enough to backport
• v22.3.x
• v22.2.x
• v22.1.x

UX Changes

• DescribeConfigs can now return the config's documentation and indicate the config type

Release Notes

Improvements

• Updates DescribeConfigs Kafka API to support KIP-569

[dlex]

static_assert needs a change probably otherwise LGTM

[NyaliaLui]

CI Failures are due to tarball issue and #7788 is the patch for it

[graphcareful]

All of the changes in describe_configs.cc look great, only comments are on the TMP magic, I think we're good to merge after those are in. Nice work !

[graphcareful]

LGTM

[NyaliaLui]

CI Failures are:
#7816
and archival unit test failure that just got a fix merged in #7815

So we should be good to merge when K8s operator finishes