-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 25
/
kernel.asm
552 lines (463 loc) · 8.8 KB
/
kernel.asm
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
%include "../defaults_bin.asm"
jmp codeStart
db '20131215a-com1-115200',0
codeStart:
sub di,0x500
cmp di,kernelEnd
jne lengthOk1
or byte[cs:flags],1
lengthOk1:
call findIP
findIP:
pop si
sub si,findIP
mov ah,0
mov cx,checkSum
checksumLoop:
lodsb
add ah,al
loop checksumLoop
cmp ah,[cs:checkSum]
je checksumOk1
or byte[cs:flags],2
checksumOk1:
; Don't want any stray interrupts interfering with the serial port accesses.
cli
; Set 40-column text mode
initCGA 8
; Clear the video memory
mov ax,0xb800
mov es,ax
mov cx,40*25
mov ax,0x0700
xor di,di
cld
rep stosw
; Set up the timer interrupt
mov al,TIMER0 | BOTH | MODE3 | BINARY
out 0x43,al
mov al,0 ; rate = 13125000/11/2^16 ~= 18.2Hz
out 0x40,al
out 0x40,al
; Set up interrupt masks.
mov al,0xbc ; Enable IRQs 0 (timer), 1 (keyboard) and 6 (floppy disk).
out 0x21,al ; Leave disabled 2 (EGA/VGA/slave 8259) 3 (COM2/COM4), 4 (COM1/COM3), 5 (hard drive, LPT2) and 7 (LPT1)
; Set up interrupt table
xor ax,ax
mov es,ax
mov ax,0xf000
mov ds,ax
mov cx,8
mov si,0xfef3
mov di,0x20
interruptSetupLoop:
movsw
inc di
inc di
loop interruptSetupLoop
mov word[0x02*4], 0xf85f ; nmi_int
mov word[0x05*4], 0xff54 ; print_screen
mov word[0x18*4 + 2], 0xf600 ; segment for BASIC
; Disable NMI
xor al,al
out 0xa0,al
; Move the stack right at the end of main RAM.
mov ax,0x9000
mov ss,ax
xor sp,sp
mov di,0x50 ;Target segment (TODO: make this 0060:0000 as FreeDOS does?)
mov bx,cs
call main
main:
pop si
sub si,main ; Offset of our start within CS
jnz checkDestinationClear
cmp bx,di
jz noRelocationNeeded
checkDestinationClear:
; Check that (start of our code) >= (end of destination code)
; Normalize our address
mov cl,4
mov ax,si
shr ax,cl
add ax,bx
and si,0x0f ; Our start address in normalized xxxx:000x form is now in AX:SI
; compute end of destination as a physical address
mov dx,di
add dx,(kernelEnd + 15) >> 4 ; end of destination segment
cmp ax,dx
jge doMove
; We can't relocate to the final destination directly, since our code
; overlaps that space. We need to move to a point that is higher than both
; the end of our code and the end of the final destination.
mov di,ax
add di,(kernelEnd + 15) >> 4 ; end of current code
cmp di,dx
jge doMove
; We are overlapping the start of the final destination - relocate to after
; the end of the final destination.
mov di,dx
doMove:
push di ; Push return segment
; Move kernelEnd bytes from AX:SI to DI:0
mov cx,kernelEnd
mov ds,ax
mov es,di
xor di,di
push di ; Push return offset
rep movsb
retf
noRelocationNeeded:
; Set up some interrupts
; int 0x60 == capture screen
; int 0x61 == start audio recording
; int 0x62 == stop audio recording
; int 0x63 == print AX as a 4-digit hex number
; int 0x64 == print CX bytes from DS:SI
; int 0x65 == print AL as a character
; int 0x66 == send file
; int 0x67 == finish
; int 0x68 == load data from serial port at ES:DI. On completion, ES:DI points to end of loaded data.
; int 0x69 == stop screen output
; int 0x6a == start screen output
xor ax,ax
mov ds,ax
setInterrupt 0x60, captureScreenRoutine
setInterrupt 0x61, startAudioRoutine
setInterrupt 0x62, stopAudioRoutine
setInterrupt 0x63, printHexRoutine
setInterrupt 0x64, printStringRoutine
setInterrupt 0x65, printCharacterRoutine
setInterrupt 0x66, sendFileRoutine
setInterrupt 0x67, completeRoutine
setInterrupt 0x68, loadSerialDataRoutine
setInterrupt 0x69, stopScreenRoutine
setInterrupt 0x6a, resumeScreenRoutine
; Reset video variables
mov ax,cs
mov ds,ax
xor ax,ax
mov [column],al
mov [startAddress],ax
test byte[flags],1
jz lengthOk
mov si,lengthWrong
mov cx,lengthWrongEnd - lengthWrong
outputString
lengthOk:
test byte[flags],2
jz checksumOk
mov si,checksumWrong
mov cx,checksumWrongEnd - checksumWrong
outputString
; mov ax,[cs:computedChecksum]
; printHex
; mov ax,[cs:kernelOffset]
; printHex
; mov ax,[cs:kernelLength]
; printHex
checksumOk:
; Print the boot message
; mov si,bootMessage
; mov cx,bootMessageEnd - bootMessage
; outputString
; Push the cleanup address for the program to retf back to.
mov bx,cs
push bx
mov ax,completeRoutine
push ax
; Find the next segment after the end of the kernel. This is where we'll
; load our program.
mov ax,(kernelEnd + 15) >> 4
add ax,bx
mov es,ax
xor di,di
; Push the address so we can just retf to it after the load
push es
push di
loadSerialData
; Print the OK message
mov si,okMessage
mov cx,okMessageEnd - okMessage
outputString
retf
loadSerialDataRoutine:
initSerial
inc dx ; 5
mov al,'R'
sendByte
dec dx
packetLoop:
; Activate DTR
mov al,1
out dx,al
inc dx ; 5
; Receive packet size in bytes
receiveByte
mov cl,al
mov ch,0
; Push a copy to check when we're done and adjust DI for retries
push cx
; call printCharNoSerial
; Init checksum
mov ah,0
; Receive CX bytes and store them at ES:DI
jcxz noBytes
byteLoop:
receiveByte
add ah,al
stosb
loop byteLoop
noBytes:
; Receive checksum
receiveByte
sub ah,al
; Deactivate DTR
dec dx ; 4
mov al,0
out dx,al
cmp ah,0
jne checkSumFailed
; Send success byte
inc dx ; 5
mov al,'K'
sendByte
dec dx ; 4
; Normalize ES:DI
mov ax,di
mov cl,4
shr ax,cl
mov bx,es
add bx,ax
mov es,bx
and di,0xf
pop cx
jcxz transferComplete
jmp packetLoop
checkSumFailed:
; Send fail byte
inc dx ; 5
mov al,'F'
sendByte
dec dx ; 4
pop cx
sub di,cx
jmp packetLoop
transferComplete:
iret
completeRoutine:
disconnect
jmp 0 ; Restart the kernel
printNybble:
cmp al,10
jge printAlphabetic
add al,'0'
jmp printGotCharacter
printAlphabetic:
add al,'A' - 10
printGotCharacter:
jmp printChar
printHexRoutine:
push bx
push cx
mov bx,ax
mov al,bh
mov cl,4
shr al,cl
call printNybble
mov al,bh
and al,0xf
call printNybble
mov al,bl
shr al,cl
call printNybble
mov al,bl
and al,0xf
call printNybble
pop cx
pop bx
iret
printStringRoutine:
lodsb
call printChar
loop printStringRoutine
iret
printCharacterRoutine:
call printChar
iret
printCharNoScreen:
push dx
mov dx,0x3f8 + 5
sendByte
pop dx
ret
printCharNoSerial:
push dx
jmp printCharCommon
printChar:
push dx
; Output the character over serial as well
mov dx,0x3f8 + 5
sendByte
printCharCommon:
cmp word[cs:screenCounter],0
jne .complete
push bx
push cx
push es
push di
mov dx,0xb800
mov es,dx
mov dx,0x3d4
mov cx,[cs:startAddress]
cmp al,10
je .newLine
mov di,cx
add di,cx
mov bl,[cs:column]
xor bh,bh
mov [es:bx+di+24*40*2],al
inc bx
inc bx
cmp bx,80
jne .done
.newLine:
add cx,40
and cx,0x1fff
mov [cs:startAddress],cx
; Scroll screen
mov ah,ch
mov al,0x0c
out dx,ax
mov ah,cl
inc ax
out dx,ax
; Clear the newly scrolled area
mov di,cx
add di,cx
add di,24*40*2
mov cx,40
mov ax,0x0700
rep stosw
mov cx,[cs:startAddress]
xor bx,bx
.done:
mov [cs:column],bl
; Move cursor
shr bx,1
add bx,cx
add bx,24*40
and bx,0x1fff
mov ah,bh
mov al,0x0e
out dx,ax
mov ah,bl
inc ax
out dx,ax
pop di
pop es
pop cx
pop bx
.complete:
pop dx
ret
captureScreenRoutine:
push ax
mov al,1
call printCharNoScreen
pop ax
iret
startAudioRoutine:
push ax
mov al,2
call printCharNoScreen
pop ax
iret
stopAudioRoutine:
push ax
mov al,3
call printCharNoScreen
pop ax
iret
printCharEscaped:
cmp al,0x5
ja .checkForComplete
.escapeNeeded:
push ax
mov al,0
call printCharNoScreen
pop ax
.noEscapeNeeded:
call printCharNoScreen
ret
.checkForComplete:
cmp al,0x1a
je .escapeNeeded
jmp .noEscapeNeeded
sendFileRoutine:
cld
mov al,4
call printCharNoScreen
mov al,cl
call printCharEscaped
mov al,ch
call printCharEscaped
mov al,dl
call printCharEscaped
.loopTop:
cmp cx,0
jne .doByte
cmp dl,0
je .done
.doByte:
cmp si,0xffff
jne .normalized
mov si,0x000f
mov ax,ds
add ax,0xfff
mov ds,ax
.normalized:
lodsb
call printCharEscaped
dec cx
cmp cx,0xffff
jne .loopTop
dec dl
jmp .loopTop
.done:
iret
stopScreenRoutine:
inc word[cs:screenCounter]
iret
resumeScreenRoutine:
dec word[cs:screenCounter]
iret
column:
db 0
startAddress:
dw 0
;bootMessage:
; db 'XT Serial Kernel',10
;bootMessageEnd:
lengthWrong:
db 'Length incorrect',10
lengthWrongEnd:
checksumWrong:
db 'Checksum incorrect',10
checksumWrongEnd:
okMessage:
db 'OK',10
okMessageEnd:
screenCounter:
dw 0
flags:
db 0
;kernelLength:
; dw 0
;kernelOffset:
; dw 0
;computedChecksum:
; db 0
checkSum:
db 0 ; This will be overwritten by quickboot
kernelEnd: