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== Welcome to Rails | ||
With **Rails 3.1.1** changes to the *asset pipeline* we needed to change how to configure asset_sync. | ||
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Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create | ||
database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Control pattern. | ||
* Rails will not load config/initializers/asset_sync.rb | ||
* So we added an initializer to the asset_sync gem itself and tried to force the load of an initializer in `Rails.root/config/initializers/asset_sync.rb` (this feels wrong and also didn't work) | ||
* Even with *:group => :assets* on the initializer in asset_sync/engine, it doesn't seem to be run | ||
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This pattern splits the view (also called the presentation) into "dumb" | ||
templates that are primarily responsible for inserting pre-built data in between | ||
HTML tags. The model contains the "smart" domain objects (such as Account, | ||
Product, Person, Post) that holds all the business logic and knows how to | ||
persist themselves to a database. The controller handles the incoming requests | ||
(such as Save New Account, Update Product, Show Post) by manipulating the model | ||
and directing data to the view. | ||
## Alternatives. | ||
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In Rails, the model is handled by what's called an object-relational mapping | ||
layer entitled Active Record. This layer allows you to present the data from | ||
database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic | ||
methods. You can read more about Active Record in | ||
link:files/vendor/rails/activerecord/README.html. | ||
Tried the following and they all work, locally and when pushed to heroku (and `heroku run rake assets:precomile` is ran). | ||
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The controller and view are handled by the Action Pack, which handles both | ||
layers by its two parts: Action View and Action Controller. These two layers | ||
are bundled in a single package due to their heavy interdependence. This is | ||
unlike the relationship between the Active Record and Action Pack that is much | ||
more separate. Each of these packages can be used independently outside of | ||
Rails. You can read more about Action Pack in | ||
link:files/vendor/rails/actionpack/README.html. | ||
There is still a nasty error now on push to heroku because the precompile task doesn't work. Haven't checked but I'm guessing ENV variables still aren't there on push. | ||
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-----> Preparing app for Rails asset pipeline | ||
Running: rake assets:precompile | ||
/usr/local/bin/ruby /tmp/build_1ajde6o93skek/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin/rake assets:precompile:nondigest RAILS_ENV=production RAILS_GROUPS=assets | ||
rake aborted! | ||
Aws access key can't be blank, Aws access secret can't be blank, Aws bucket can't be blank | ||
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Tasks: TOP => assets:precompile | ||
(See full trace by running task with --trace) | ||
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== Getting Started | ||
Also heroku doesn't seem to run the same tasks as when run from `heroku run` or maybe it eschews the output of the first task. | ||
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1. At the command prompt, create a new Rails application: | ||
<tt>rails new myapp</tt> (where <tt>myapp</tt> is the application name) | ||
~ $ bundle exec rake assets:precompile | ||
/usr/local/bin/ruby /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin/rake assets:precompile:all RAILS_ENV=staging RAILS_GROUPS=assets | ||
/usr/local/bin/ruby /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin/rake assets:precompile:nondigest RAILS_ENV=staging RAILS_GROUPS=assets | ||
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2. Change directory to <tt>myapp</tt> and start the web server: | ||
<tt>cd myapp; rails server</tt> (run with --help for options) | ||
Not sure but this could be related. | ||
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3. Go to http://localhost:3000/ and you'll see: | ||
"Welcome aboard: You're riding Ruby on Rails!" | ||
### YAML | ||
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4. Follow the guidelines to start developing your application. You can find | ||
the following resources handy: | ||
* Purely relying on *config/asset_sync.yml* works fine (with hardcoded or ENV variables... as the yml file can have erb in it). | ||
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* The Getting Started Guide: http://guides.rubyonrails.org/getting_started.html | ||
* Ruby on Rails Tutorial Book: http://www.railstutorial.org/ | ||
### put contents of an initializer in config/application.rb | ||
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* Putting what should be generated into config/initializers directly into application.rb is actually now loaded during the `assets:precompile` task. | ||
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== Debugging Rails | ||
### Use config.asset_sync | ||
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Sometimes your application goes wrong. Fortunately there are a lot of tools that | ||
will help you debug it and get it back on the rails. | ||
Playing around with this, we added a railtie to add a method to the Rails App config. | ||
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First area to check is the application log files. Have "tail -f" commands | ||
running on the server.log and development.log. Rails will automatically display | ||
debugging and runtime information to these files. Debugging info will also be | ||
shown in the browser on requests from 127.0.0.1. | ||
This now works also. | ||
Should be able to put this in the different config/environments/* files and override from there. | ||
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You can also log your own messages directly into the log file from your code | ||
using the Ruby logger class from inside your controllers. Example: | ||
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class WeblogController < ActionController::Base | ||
def destroy | ||
@weblog = Weblog.find(params[:id]) | ||
@weblog.destroy | ||
logger.info("#{Time.now} Destroyed Weblog ID ##{@weblog.id}!") | ||
end | ||
end | ||
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The result will be a message in your log file along the lines of: | ||
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Mon Oct 08 14:22:29 +1000 2007 Destroyed Weblog ID #1! | ||
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More information on how to use the logger is at http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/ | ||
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Also, Ruby documentation can be found at http://www.ruby-lang.org/. There are | ||
several books available online as well: | ||
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* Programming Ruby: http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/ (Pickaxe) | ||
* Learn to Program: http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/ (a beginners guide) | ||
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These two books will bring you up to speed on the Ruby language and also on | ||
programming in general. | ||
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== Debugger | ||
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Debugger support is available through the debugger command when you start your | ||
Mongrel or WEBrick server with --debugger. This means that you can break out of | ||
execution at any point in the code, investigate and change the model, and then, | ||
resume execution! You need to install ruby-debug to run the server in debugging | ||
mode. With gems, use <tt>sudo gem install ruby-debug</tt>. Example: | ||
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class WeblogController < ActionController::Base | ||
def index | ||
@posts = Post.all | ||
debugger | ||
end | ||
end | ||
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So the controller will accept the action, run the first line, then present you | ||
with a IRB prompt in the server window. Here you can do things like: | ||
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>> @posts.inspect | ||
=> "[#<Post:0x14a6be8 | ||
@attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>, | ||
#<Post:0x14a6620 | ||
@attributes={"title"=>"Rails", "body"=>"Only ten..", "id"=>"2"}>]" | ||
>> @posts.first.title = "hello from a debugger" | ||
=> "hello from a debugger" | ||
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...and even better, you can examine how your runtime objects actually work: | ||
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>> f = @posts.first | ||
=> #<Post:0x13630c4 @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}> | ||
>> f. | ||
Display all 152 possibilities? (y or n) | ||
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Finally, when you're ready to resume execution, you can enter "cont". | ||
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== Console | ||
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The console is a Ruby shell, which allows you to interact with your | ||
application's domain model. Here you'll have all parts of the application | ||
configured, just like it is when the application is running. You can inspect | ||
domain models, change values, and save to the database. Starting the script | ||
without arguments will launch it in the development environment. | ||
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To start the console, run <tt>rails console</tt> from the application | ||
directory. | ||
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Options: | ||
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* Passing the <tt>-s, --sandbox</tt> argument will rollback any modifications | ||
made to the database. | ||
* Passing an environment name as an argument will load the corresponding | ||
environment. Example: <tt>rails console production</tt>. | ||
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To reload your controllers and models after launching the console run | ||
<tt>reload!</tt> | ||
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More information about irb can be found at: | ||
link:http://www.rubycentral.org/pickaxe/irb.html | ||
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== dbconsole | ||
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You can go to the command line of your database directly through <tt>rails | ||
dbconsole</tt>. You would be connected to the database with the credentials | ||
defined in database.yml. Starting the script without arguments will connect you | ||
to the development database. Passing an argument will connect you to a different | ||
database, like <tt>rails dbconsole production</tt>. Currently works for MySQL, | ||
PostgreSQL and SQLite 3. | ||
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== Description of Contents | ||
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The default directory structure of a generated Ruby on Rails application: | ||
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|-- app | ||
| |-- assets | ||
| |-- images | ||
| |-- javascripts | ||
| `-- stylesheets | ||
| |-- controllers | ||
| |-- helpers | ||
| |-- mailers | ||
| |-- models | ||
| `-- views | ||
| `-- layouts | ||
|-- config | ||
| |-- environments | ||
| |-- initializers | ||
| `-- locales | ||
|-- db | ||
|-- doc | ||
|-- lib | ||
| `-- tasks | ||
|-- log | ||
|-- public | ||
|-- script | ||
|-- test | ||
| |-- fixtures | ||
| |-- functional | ||
| |-- integration | ||
| |-- performance | ||
| `-- unit | ||
|-- tmp | ||
| |-- cache | ||
| |-- pids | ||
| |-- sessions | ||
| `-- sockets | ||
`-- vendor | ||
|-- assets | ||
`-- stylesheets | ||
`-- plugins | ||
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app | ||
Holds all the code that's specific to this particular application. | ||
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app/assets | ||
Contains subdirectories for images, stylesheets, and JavaScript files. | ||
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app/controllers | ||
Holds controllers that should be named like weblogs_controller.rb for | ||
automated URL mapping. All controllers should descend from | ||
ApplicationController which itself descends from ActionController::Base. | ||
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app/models | ||
Holds models that should be named like post.rb. Models descend from | ||
ActiveRecord::Base by default. | ||
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app/views | ||
Holds the template files for the view that should be named like | ||
weblogs/index.html.erb for the WeblogsController#index action. All views use | ||
eRuby syntax by default. | ||
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app/views/layouts | ||
Holds the template files for layouts to be used with views. This models the | ||
common header/footer method of wrapping views. In your views, define a layout | ||
using the <tt>layout :default</tt> and create a file named default.html.erb. | ||
Inside default.html.erb, call <% yield %> to render the view using this | ||
layout. | ||
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app/helpers | ||
Holds view helpers that should be named like weblogs_helper.rb. These are | ||
generated for you automatically when using generators for controllers. | ||
Helpers can be used to wrap functionality for your views into methods. | ||
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config | ||
Configuration files for the Rails environment, the routing map, the database, | ||
and other dependencies. | ||
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db | ||
Contains the database schema in schema.rb. db/migrate contains all the | ||
sequence of Migrations for your schema. | ||
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doc | ||
This directory is where your application documentation will be stored when | ||
generated using <tt>rake doc:app</tt> | ||
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lib | ||
Application specific libraries. Basically, any kind of custom code that | ||
doesn't belong under controllers, models, or helpers. This directory is in | ||
the load path. | ||
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public | ||
The directory available for the web server. Also contains the dispatchers and the | ||
default HTML files. This should be set as the DOCUMENT_ROOT of your web | ||
server. | ||
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script | ||
Helper scripts for automation and generation. | ||
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test | ||
Unit and functional tests along with fixtures. When using the rails generate | ||
command, template test files will be generated for you and placed in this | ||
directory. | ||
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vendor | ||
External libraries that the application depends on. Also includes the plugins | ||
subdirectory. If the app has frozen rails, those gems also go here, under | ||
vendor/rails/. This directory is in the load path. | ||
config.asset_sync.aws_access_key = ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY'] | ||
config.asset_sync.aws_access_secret = ENV['AWS_ACCESS_SECRET'] | ||
config.asset_sync.aws_bucket = ENV['AWS_BUCKET'] | ||
config.asset_sync.aws_region = "eu-west-1" |