Auto merge of #61421 - vorner:string-in-rc-into-raw-docs, r=RalfJung

docs: Use String in Rc::into_raw examples

It is unclear if accessing an integer after `drop_in_place` has been
called on it is undefined behaviour or not, as demonstrated by the
discussion in
#60766 (review).

Avoid these uncertainties by using String which frees memory in its
`drop_in_place` to make sure this is undefined behaviour. The message in
the docs should be to watch out and not access the data after that, not
discussing when one maybe could get away with it O:-).

src/liballoc/rc.rs

@@ -375,9 +375,9 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> Rc<T> {
     /// ```
     /// use std::rc::Rc;
     ///
-    /// let x = Rc::new(10);
+    /// let x = Rc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let x_ptr = Rc::into_raw(x);
-    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { *x_ptr }, 10);
+    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { &*x_ptr }, "hello");
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rc_raw", since = "1.17.0")]
     pub fn into_raw(this: Self) -> *const T {
@@ -401,13 +401,13 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> Rc<T> {
     /// ```
     /// use std::rc::Rc;
     ///
-    /// let x = Rc::new(10);
+    /// let x = Rc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let x_ptr = Rc::into_raw(x);
     ///
     /// unsafe {
     ///     // Convert back to an `Rc` to prevent leak.
     ///     let x = Rc::from_raw(x_ptr);
-    ///     assert_eq!(*x, 10);
+    ///     assert_eq!(&*x, "hello");
     ///
     ///     // Further calls to `Rc::from_raw(x_ptr)` would be memory unsafe.
     /// }
@@ -437,10 +437,10 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> Rc<T> {
     ///
     /// use std::rc::Rc;
     ///
-    /// let x = Rc::new(10);
+    /// let x = Rc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let ptr = Rc::into_raw_non_null(x);
-    /// let deref = unsafe { *ptr.as_ref() };
-    /// assert_eq!(deref, 10);
+    /// let deref = unsafe { ptr.as_ref() };
+    /// assert_eq!(deref, "hello");
     /// ```
     #[unstable(feature = "rc_into_raw_non_null", issue = "47336")]
     #[inline]
@@ -1294,17 +1294,17 @@ impl<T> Weak<T> {
     /// use std::rc::{Rc, Weak};
     /// use std::ptr;
     ///
-    /// let strong = Rc::new(42);
+    /// let strong = Rc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let weak = Rc::downgrade(&strong);
     /// // Both point to the same object
     /// assert!(ptr::eq(&*strong, Weak::as_raw(&weak)));
     /// // The strong here keeps it alive, so we can still access the object.
-    /// assert_eq!(42, unsafe { *Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
+    /// assert_eq!("hello", unsafe { &*Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
     ///
     /// drop(strong);
     /// // But not any more. We can do Weak::as_raw(&weak), but accessing the pointer would lead to
     /// // undefined behaviour.
-    /// // assert_eq!(42, unsafe { *Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
+    /// // assert_eq!("hello", unsafe { &*Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`null`]: ../../std/ptr/fn.null.html
@@ -1339,12 +1339,12 @@ impl<T> Weak<T> {
     ///
     /// use std::rc::{Rc, Weak};
     ///
-    /// let strong = Rc::new(42);
+    /// let strong = Rc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let weak = Rc::downgrade(&strong);
     /// let raw = Weak::into_raw(weak);
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(1, Rc::weak_count(&strong));
-    /// assert_eq!(42, unsafe { *raw });
+    /// assert_eq!("hello", unsafe { &*raw });
     ///
     /// drop(unsafe { Weak::from_raw(raw) });
     /// assert_eq!(0, Rc::weak_count(&strong));
@@ -1380,14 +1380,14 @@ impl<T> Weak<T> {
     ///
     /// use std::rc::{Rc, Weak};
     ///
-    /// let strong = Rc::new(42);
+    /// let strong = Rc::new("hello".to_owned());
     ///
     /// let raw_1 = Weak::into_raw(Rc::downgrade(&strong));
     /// let raw_2 = Weak::into_raw(Rc::downgrade(&strong));
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(2, Rc::weak_count(&strong));
     ///
-    /// assert_eq!(42, *Weak::upgrade(&unsafe { Weak::from_raw(raw_1) }).unwrap());
+    /// assert_eq!("hello", &*Weak::upgrade(&unsafe { Weak::from_raw(raw_1) }).unwrap());
     /// assert_eq!(1, Rc::weak_count(&strong));
     ///
     /// drop(strong);

src/liballoc/sync.rs

@@ -356,9 +356,9 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> Arc<T> {
     /// ```
     /// use std::sync::Arc;
     ///
-    /// let x = Arc::new(10);
+    /// let x = Arc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let x_ptr = Arc::into_raw(x);
-    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { *x_ptr }, 10);
+    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { &*x_ptr }, "hello");
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rc_raw", since = "1.17.0")]
     pub fn into_raw(this: Self) -> *const T {
@@ -382,13 +382,13 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> Arc<T> {
     /// ```
     /// use std::sync::Arc;
     ///
-    /// let x = Arc::new(10);
+    /// let x = Arc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let x_ptr = Arc::into_raw(x);
     ///
     /// unsafe {
     ///     // Convert back to an `Arc` to prevent leak.
     ///     let x = Arc::from_raw(x_ptr);
-    ///     assert_eq!(*x, 10);
+    ///     assert_eq!(&*x, "hello");
     ///
     ///     // Further calls to `Arc::from_raw(x_ptr)` would be memory unsafe.
     /// }
@@ -418,10 +418,10 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> Arc<T> {
     ///
     /// use std::sync::Arc;
     ///
-    /// let x = Arc::new(10);
+    /// let x = Arc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let ptr = Arc::into_raw_non_null(x);
-    /// let deref = unsafe { *ptr.as_ref() };
-    /// assert_eq!(deref, 10);
+    /// let deref = unsafe { ptr.as_ref() };
+    /// assert_eq!(deref, "hello");
     /// ```
     #[unstable(feature = "rc_into_raw_non_null", issue = "47336")]
     #[inline]
@@ -1083,17 +1083,17 @@ impl<T> Weak<T> {
     /// use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};
     /// use std::ptr;
     ///
-    /// let strong = Arc::new(42);
+    /// let strong = Arc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let weak = Arc::downgrade(&strong);
     /// // Both point to the same object
     /// assert!(ptr::eq(&*strong, Weak::as_raw(&weak)));
     /// // The strong here keeps it alive, so we can still access the object.
-    /// assert_eq!(42, unsafe { *Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
+    /// assert_eq!("hello", unsafe { &*Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
     ///
     /// drop(strong);
     /// // But not any more. We can do Weak::as_raw(&weak), but accessing the pointer would lead to
     /// // undefined behaviour.
-    /// // assert_eq!(42, unsafe { *Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
+    /// // assert_eq!("hello", unsafe { &*Weak::as_raw(&weak) });
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`null`]: ../../std/ptr/fn.null.html
@@ -1128,12 +1128,12 @@ impl<T> Weak<T> {
     ///
     /// use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};
     ///
-    /// let strong = Arc::new(42);
+    /// let strong = Arc::new("hello".to_owned());
     /// let weak = Arc::downgrade(&strong);
     /// let raw = Weak::into_raw(weak);
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(1, Arc::weak_count(&strong));
-    /// assert_eq!(42, unsafe { *raw });
+    /// assert_eq!("hello", unsafe { &*raw });
     ///
     /// drop(unsafe { Weak::from_raw(raw) });
     /// assert_eq!(0, Arc::weak_count(&strong));
@@ -1170,14 +1170,14 @@ impl<T> Weak<T> {
     ///
     /// use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};
     ///
-    /// let strong = Arc::new(42);
+    /// let strong = Arc::new("hello".to_owned());
     ///
     /// let raw_1 = Weak::into_raw(Arc::downgrade(&strong));
     /// let raw_2 = Weak::into_raw(Arc::downgrade(&strong));
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(2, Arc::weak_count(&strong));
     ///
-    /// assert_eq!(42, *Weak::upgrade(&unsafe { Weak::from_raw(raw_1) }).unwrap());
+    /// assert_eq!("hello", &*Weak::upgrade(&unsafe { Weak::from_raw(raw_1) }).unwrap());
     /// assert_eq!(1, Arc::weak_count(&strong));
     ///
     /// drop(strong);