github markdown: headers

02-preface.md

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-Preface
--------
+## Preface
 
 Scala is a Java-like programming language which unifies
 object-oriented and functional programming.  It is a pure

03-lexical-syntax.md

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-Lexical Syntax
-==============
+# Lexical Syntax
 
 Scala programs are written using the Unicode Basic Multilingual Plane
 (_BMP_) character set; Unicode supplementary characters are not
@@ -34,8 +33,7 @@ classes (Unicode general category given in parentheses):
 
 \pagebreak[1]
 
-Identifiers
------------
+## Identifiers
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 op       ::=  opchar {opchar} 
@@ -108,8 +106,7 @@ equivalents ‘=>’ and ‘<-’, are also reserved.
     work-around: `` Thread.`yield`() ``{.scala}
 
 
-Newline Characters
-------------------
+## Newline Characters
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 semi ::= ‘;’ |  nl {nl}
@@ -293,8 +290,7 @@ A single new line token is accepted
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 
-Literals
-----------
+## Literals
 
 There are literals for integer numbers, floating point numbers,
 characters, booleans, symbols, strings.  The syntax of these literals is in
@@ -549,8 +545,7 @@ identical symbol literals are equivalent with respect to reference
 equality.
 
 
-Whitespace and Comments
------------------------
+## Whitespace and Comments
 
 Tokens may be separated by whitespace characters
 and/or comments. Comments come in two forms:
@@ -565,8 +560,7 @@ but are required to be properly nested.  Therefore, a comment like
 comment.
 
 
-XML mode
---------
+## XML mode
 
 In order to allow literal inclusion of XML fragments, lexical analysis
 switches from Scala mode to XML mode when encountering an opening

04-identifiers-names-and-scopes.md

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-Identifiers, Names and Scopes
-=============================
+# Identifiers, Names and Scopes
 
 Names in Scala identify types, values, methods, and classes which are
 collectively called _entities_. Names are introduced by local

05-types.md

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-Types
-=====
+# Types
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
   Type              ::=  FunctionArgTypes ‘=>’ Type
@@ -59,8 +58,7 @@ Type constructors are another example, as one can write
 the corresponding anonymous type function directly.
 
 
-Paths
------
+## Paths
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 Path            ::=  StableId
@@ -92,8 +90,7 @@ A path is one of the following.
 A _stable identifier_ is a path which ends in an identifier.
 
 
-Value Types
------------
+## Value Types
 
 Every value in Scala has a type which is of one of the following
 forms.
@@ -548,8 +545,7 @@ type.
     `List[java.lang.Number]`.
 
 
-Non-Value Types
----------------
+## Non-Value Types
 
 The types explained in the following do not denote sets of values, nor
 do they appear explicitly in programs. They are introduced in this
@@ -641,8 +637,7 @@ the corresponding type parameter clause.
     `newType` type constructor parameter in `flatMap`.
 
 
-Base Types and Member Definitions
----------------------------------
+## Base Types and Member Definitions
 
 Types of class members depend on the way the members are referenced.
 Central here are three notions, namely:
@@ -737,8 +732,7 @@ These notions are defined mutually recursively as follows.
    share a to
 
 
-Relations between types
------------------------
+## Relations between types
 
 We define two relations between types.
 
@@ -939,8 +933,7 @@ A _weak least upper bound_ is a least upper bound with respect to
 weak conformance.
 
 
-Volatile Types
---------------
+## Volatile Types
 
 Type volatility approximates the possibility that a type parameter or abstract 
 type instance
@@ -975,8 +968,7 @@ An existential type `$T$ forSome {$\,Q\,$}` is volatile if
 $T$ is volatile.
 
 
-Type Erasure
-------------
+## Type Erasure
 
 A type is called _generic_ if it contains type arguments or type variables.
 _Type erasure_ is a mapping from (possibly generic) types to

06-basic-declarations-and-definitions.md

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-Basic Declarations and Definitions
-==================================
+# Basic Declarations and Definitions
 
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
@@ -36,8 +35,7 @@ between and including $s_i$ and $s_j$,
 - If $s_k$ is a value definition, it must be lazy.
 
 
-Value Declarations and Definitions
-----------------------------------
+## Value Declarations and Definitions
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 Dcl          ::=  ‘val’ ValDcl
@@ -133,8 +131,7 @@ A value definition `val $p_1 , \ldots , p_n: T$ = $e$` is a shorthand for the
 sequence of value definitions `val $p_1: T$ = $e$; ...; val $p_n: T$ = $e$`.
 
 
-Variable Declarations and Definitions
--------------------------------------
+## Variable Declarations and Definitions
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.scala}
 Dcl            ::=  ‘var’ VarDcl
@@ -236,8 +233,7 @@ A variable definition `var $x_1 , \ldots , x_n: T$ = $e$` is a shorthand for
 the sequence of variable definitions 
 `var $x_1: T$ = $e$; ...; var $x_n: T$ = $e$`.
 
-Type Declarations and Type Aliases
-----------------------------------
+## Type Declarations and Type Aliases
 
 <!-- TODO: Higher-kinded tdecls should have a separate section -->
 
@@ -334,8 +330,7 @@ objects of type $S$.
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 
-Type Parameters
----------------
+## Type Parameters
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.scala}
 TypeParamClause  ::= ‘[’ VariantTypeParam {‘,’ VariantTypeParam} ‘]’
@@ -398,8 +393,7 @@ The above scoping restrictions are generalized to the case of nested type parame
     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 
-Variance Annotations
---------------------
+## Variance Annotations
 
 Variance annotations indicate how instances of parameterized types
 vary with respect to [subtyping](#conformance).  A
@@ -519,8 +513,7 @@ appear anywhere without restricting its legal variance annotations.
     on which one can write only strings.
 
 
-Function Declarations and Definitions
--------------------------------------
+## Function Declarations and Definitions
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 Dcl                ::=  ‘def’ FunDcl
@@ -768,8 +761,7 @@ as $R$ conforms to $R'$.
     in `C`, even though the method is recursive.
 
 
-Import Clauses
---------------
+## Import Clauses
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.scala}
 Import          ::= ‘import’ ImportExpr {‘,’ ImportExpr}

07-classes-and-objects.md

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-Classes and Objects
-===================
+# Classes and Objects
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 TmplDef          ::= [`case'] `class' ClassDef
@@ -11,8 +10,7 @@ TmplDef          ::= [`case'] `class' ClassDef
 are both defined in terms of _templates_.
 
 
-Templates
----------
+## Templates
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 ClassTemplate   ::=  [EarlyDefs] ClassParents [TemplateBody]
@@ -485,8 +483,7 @@ before the superclass constructor of the template is called.
     `"How are you, <null>"`.
 
 
-Modifiers
----------
+## Modifiers
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 Modifier          ::=  LocalModifier 
@@ -676,8 +673,7 @@ the validity and meaning of a modifier are as follows.
     constructor `private` (see \ref{ex:private-constr}).
 
 
-Class Definitions
------------------
+## Class Definitions
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 TmplDef           ::=  `class' ClassDef 
@@ -853,8 +849,7 @@ primary constructor of the class).
     third one constructs a list with a given head and tail.
 
 
-Case Classes
-------------
+## Case Classes
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 TmplDef  ::=  `case' `class' ClassDef
@@ -1090,8 +1085,7 @@ least proper supertype (which is statically known).
     in `MyTable`. 
 
 
-Object Definitions
-------------------
+## Object Definitions
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.grammar}
 ObjectDef       ::=  id ClassTemplate