Use multi-stage build copying dependencies from separately built image

[manning-ncsa]

Related to #207.

Description of the Change

Use multi-stage build that copies dependencies from a separately built image that will rarely change.

[manning-ncsa]

This PR includes some changes not directly related to the multi-stage build:

• The unit tests have been removed from the CI workflow until Fix the broken CI workflow that runs the unit tests #207 is resolved. @djones1040 and I decided that until then, the unit tests must be manually run locally before merging a pull request to main.
• The local Docker Compose config files and wrapper scripts were refactored to properly target the different deployment profiles, where previously for example, the "ci" profile was actually including the .env.dev environment file, which could in general invalidate the results of the unit tests.