Allow for more value types in ALTER TABLE ALTER COLUMN SET DEFAULT statement

[derickl]

Brief summary of the change made

Follow up from #2096
The ALTER TABLE parser did not account for all value types when setting a column's default value.

Are there any other side effects of this change that we should be aware of?

None

Pull Request checklist

• Please confirm you have completed any of the necessary steps below.

• Included test cases to demonstrate any code changes, which may be one or more of the following:

  • .yml rule test cases in test/fixtures/rules/std_rule_cases.
  • .sql/.yml parser test cases in test/fixtures/dialects (note YML files can be auto generated with python test/generate_parse_fixture_yml.py or by running tox locally).
  • Full autofix test cases in test/fixtures/linter/autofix.
  • Other.

• Added appropriate documentation for the change.

• Created GitHub issues for any relevant followup/future enhancements if appropriate.

[jpy-git]

@derickl perfect, thanks for adding this! 🥇

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2101 (7408730) into main (f99d9b3) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main     #2101   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files          148       148           
  Lines        10608     10608           
=========================================
  Hits         10608     10608           

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/sqlfluff/dialects/dialect_postgres.py	100.00% <ø> (ø)

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