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Composition and relative dualizing complex
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The case of algebra. The case of schemes is true as well but it would
take more effort to prove it
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aisejohan committed Jun 29, 2017
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Expand Up @@ -4774,6 +4774,45 @@ \section{Relative dualizing complexes}
More on Algebra, Lemma \ref{more-algebra-lemma-colimit-relatively-perfect}.
\end{proof}

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-relative-dualizing-composition}
Let $R \to A \to B$ be a ring maps which are flat and of finite presentation.
Let $K_{A/R}$ and $K_{B/A}$ be relative dualizing complexes for $R \to A$
and $A \to B$. Then $K = K_{A/R} \otimes_A^\mathbf{L} K_{B/A}$
is a relative dualizing complex for $R \to B$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
We will use reduction to the Noetherian case.
Namely, by Algebra, Lemma
\ref{algebra-lemma-flat-finite-presentation-limit-flat}
there exists a finite type $\mathbf{Z}$ subalgebra $R_0 \subset R$
and a flat finite type ring map $R_0 \to A_0$ such that
$A = A_0 \otimes_{R_0} R$. After increasing $R_0$ and correspondingly
replacing replacing $A_0$ we may assume there is a flat
finite type ring map $A_0 \to B_0$ such that $B = B_0 \otimes_{R_0} R$
(use the same lemma). If we prove the lemma for $R_0 \to A_0 \to B_0$,
then the lemma follows by Lemmas
\ref{lemma-uniqueness-relative-dualizing},
\ref{lemma-relative-dualizing-noetherian}, and
\ref{lemma-base-change-relative-dualizing}.
This reduces us to the situation discussed in the next paragraph.

\medskip\noindent
Assume $R$ is Noetherian and denote $\varphi : R \to A$ and
$\psi : A \to B$ the given ring maps. Then $K_{A/R} \cong \varphi^!(R)$ and
$K_{B/A} \cong \psi^!(A)$, see references given above.
Then
$$
K = K_{A/R} \otimes_A^\mathbf{L} K_{B/A} \cong
\varphi^!(R) \otimes_A^\mathbf{L} \psi^!(A) \cong
\psi^!(\varphi^!(R)) \cong (\psi \circ \varphi)^!(R)
$$
by Lemmas \ref{lemma-upper-shriek-is-tensor-functor} and
\ref{lemma-composition-shriek-algebraic}. Thus $K$ is a relative
dualizing complex for $R \to B$.
\end{proof}




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