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Radical ideal of A ---> Jacobson radical of A
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aisejohan committed Mar 12, 2014
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Expand Up @@ -1603,7 +1603,7 @@ \section{Henselian pairs}
\label{definition-henselian-pair}
A {\it henselian pair} is a pair $(A, I)$ satisfying
\begin{enumerate}
\item $I$ is contained in the radical ideal of $A$, and
\item $I$ is contained in the Jacobson radical of $A$, and
\item for any monic polynomial $f \in A[T]$ and factorization
$\overline{f} = g_0h_0$ with $g_0, h_0 \in A/I[T]$ monic
generating the unit ideal in $A/I[T]$, there
Expand All @@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ \section{Henselian pairs}

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-idempotents-determined-modulo-radical}
Let $(A, I)$ be a pair. If $I$ is contained in the radical ideal
Let $(A, I)$ be a pair. If $I$ is contained in the Jacobson radical
of $A$, then the map from idempotents of $A$ to idempotents of
$A/I$ is injective.
\end{lemma}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1739,10 +1739,10 @@ \section{Henselian pairs}
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Assume (2) holds. Then $I$ is contained in the radical of $A$, since
Assume (2) holds. Then $I$ is contained in the Jacobson radical of $A$, since
otherwise there would be a nonunit $f \in A$ not contained in $I$
and the map $A \to A_f$ would contradict (2). Hence $IB \subset B$
is contained in the radical of $B$ for $B$ integral over $A$
is contained in the Jacobson radical of $B$ for $B$ integral over $A$
because $\Spec(B) \to \Spec(A)$ is closed by
Algebra, Lemmas \ref{algebra-lemma-going-up-closed} and
\ref{algebra-lemma-integral-going-up}.
Expand All @@ -1761,8 +1761,8 @@ \section{Henselian pairs}
finite map $A \to B = A/(I \cap \mathfrak m)$. The condition that
$B \to B/IB$ induces a bijection on idempotents implies that
$I \subset \mathfrak m$ (if not, then $B = A/I \times A/\mathfrak m$
and $B/IB = A/I$). Thus we see that $I$ is contained in the
radical ideal of $A$. Let $f \in A[T]$ be monic and suppose given a
and $B/IB = A/I$). Thus we see that $I$ is contained in the Jacobson
radical of $A$. Let $f \in A[T]$ be monic and suppose given a
factorization $\overline{f} = g_0h_0$ with $g_0, h_0 \in A/I[T]$ monic.
Set $B = A[T]/(f)$. Let $\overline{e}$ be the nontrivial idempotent
of $B/IB$ corresponding to the decomposition
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1800,18 +1800,18 @@ \section{Henselian pairs}
reduction modulo $I$ factors as $\overline{f} = g_0 T^n$ where
$T, g_0$ generate the unit ideal in $A/I[T]$. Thus by assumption
we can factor $f$ as $f = g h$ where $g$ is a monic lift of $g_0$ and
$h$ is a monic lift of $T^n$. Because $I$ is contained in the radical
$h$ is a monic lift of $T^n$. Because $I$ is contained in the Jacobson radical
of $A$, we find that $g$ and $h$ generate the unit ideal in $A[T]$
(details omitted; hint: use that $A[T]/(g, h)$ is finite over $A$).
Thus $A[T]/(f) = A[T]/(h) \times A[T]/(g)$ and we find a corresponding
product decomposition $A'' = A''_1 \times A''_2$. By construction
we have $A''_1/IA''_1 = A/I$ and $A''_2/IA''_2 = C'$. Since $A''_1$
is integral over $A$ and $I$ is contained in the radical of $A$ we
is integral over $A$ and $I$ is contained in the Jacobson radical of $A$ we
see that $a$ maps to an invertible element of $A''_1$. Hence
$A''_a = A''_1 \times (A''_2)_a$. It follows that $A \to A''_1$
is integral as well as \'etale, hence finite locally free.
However, $A''_1/IA''_1 = A/I$ thus $A''_1$ has rank $1$ as an
$A$-module along $V(I)$. Since $I$ is contained in the radical
$A$-module along $V(I)$. Since $I$ is contained in the Jacobson radical
of $A$ we conclude that $A''_1$ has rank $1$ everywhere and
it follows that $A \to A''_1$ is an isomorphism. Thus
$A' \to A'_a \cong A''_a \to (A''_1)_a = A''_1 = A$ is the
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1910,7 +1910,7 @@ \section{Henselian pairs}
(Lemma \ref{lemma-characterize-henselian-pair})
we get $B' = B'_1 \times B'_2$ with $C = B'_1/IB'_1$ and $C' = B'_2/IB'_2$.
The image of $g$ in $B'_1$ is invertible and $(B'_2)_g = 0$
because $IB'$ is contained in the radical of $B'$
because $IB'$ is contained in the Jacobson radical of $B'$
(for example because $(B', IB')$ is a henselian pair by
Lemma \ref{lemma-integral-over-henselian-pair}).
We conclude that $B'_1 = B_g$ is finite \'etale over $A$
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1974,8 +1974,8 @@ \section{Henselian pairs}
the section $\sigma_B$ is the unique $A'$-algebra map $B' \to A'$.
We have $B' \otimes_{A'} B' = B' \times R$ for some ring $R$, see
Algebra, Lemma \ref{algebra-lemma-diagonal-unramified}. In our case
$R/I'R = 0$ as $B'/I'B' = A'/I'$. Since $I'$ is contained in the radical
of $A'$ we see that $\Hom_{A'\text{-modules}}(R, A') = 0$ for example
$R/I'R = 0$ as $B'/I'B' = A'/I'$. Since $I'$ is contained in the Jacobson
radical of $A'$ we see that $\Hom_{A'\text{-modules}}(R, A') = 0$ for example
by Algebra, Lemma \ref{algebra-lemma-characterize-zero-local}.
Thus there is at most one $A'$-algebra map $B' \to A'$.
Using the commutativity we obtain
Expand Down

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