Use phpdotenv to set DB params

Summary:
Use phpdotenv to set db params. This helps to move away from reliance
on Kohana for database configuration.

Test Plan:
- Create a `.env` file like:
```
DB_TYPE=MySQLi
DB_HOST=192.168.33.110
DB_NAME=ushahidi
DB_USER=ushahidi
DB_PASS=lamulamulamu
```
- Remove application/config/environments/development/database.php
- Make an API request and check you don't get db errors
- Run `bin/behat`

Reviewers: aMoniker, shadowhand

Subscribers: eyedol

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.ushahidi.com/D554

.gitignore

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ build/*
 puppet/modules
 Puppetfile.lock
 .tmp/*
+.env
 
 # Kohana deployment specifics
 application/logs/*

application/config/database.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 /**
  * Database Config
- * 
+ *
  * @author     Ushahidi Team <team@ushahidi.com>
  * @package    Ushahidi\Application\Config
  * @copyright  2013 Ushahidi
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@
 (
 	'default' => array
 	(
-		'type'       => 'MySQLi',
+		'type'       => getenv('DB_TYPE'),
 		'connection' => array(
-			'hostname'   => 'localhost',
-			'database'   => 'database',
-			'username'   => 'username',
-			'password'   => 'password',
+			'hostname'   => getenv('DB_HOST'),
+			'database'   => getenv('DB_NAME'),
+			'username'   => getenv('DB_USER'),
+			'password'   => getenv('DB_PASS'),
 			'persistent' => FALSE,
 		),
 		'table_prefix' => '',

application/kohana.php

@@ -99,5 +99,10 @@
 // Ushahidi: load transitional code
 require APPPATH.'../src/Init'.EXT;
 
+// Load dotenv
+if (is_file(APPPATH.'../.env')) {
+	Dotenv::load(APPPATH.'../');
+}
+
 // Bootstrap the application
 require APPPATH.'bootstrap'.EXT;

composer.json

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
         "wouter/a2": "dev-master",
         "wouter/acl": "dev-master",
         "twilio/sdk": "3.12.*",
+        "vlucas/phpdotenv": "~1.0@dev",
         "zeelot/kohana-media": "1.3.*@dev"
     },
     "require-dev": {