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Address #23 (calendar examples) #31

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merged 4 commits into from Oct 9, 2020
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Address #23 (calendar examples) #31

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2851416
Merge pull request #5 from w3c/gh-pages
aphillips Oct 6, 2020
48a4436
Address comments about calendar examples
aphillips Oct 9, 2020
6216834
Merge remote-tracking branch 'refs/remotes/origin/gh-pages' into gh-p…
aphillips Oct 9, 2020
7df365e
Add language tags and dir attributes to example.
aphillips Oct 9, 2020
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Expand Up @@ -265,10 +265,11 @@ <h3>Locales and Internationalization</h3>
<p>It is important to remember that every <a>Unicode locale identifier</a> is <em>also</em> a <a>well-formed</a> [[BCP47]] language tag. <a>Unicode locale identifiers</a> do not require the use of either of [[CLDR]]'s <a>language tag extensions</a>.</p>

<p class="note">Some international and cultural preferences are individual and are left to content authors, service providers, operating environments, or user agents to define and manage on behalf of the user.</p>

<p>Here are a few selected examples of <a>Unicode Locale identifiers</a> and the variations associated with them.</p>

<aside class="example" id="example-locale-variation">
<p>Here are a few selected examples of <a>Unicode Locale identifiers</a> and the variations associated with them.</p>
<p>In the first example, the value <code>123456789.5678</code> is formatted using the locale rules represented by the various language tags. Notice how the <code>u</code> extension and its <code>nu</code> keyword are used to select between Latin and Devanagari digit shapes in the Hindi-as-used-in-India (<code>hi-IN</code>) locale and between Latin and Arabic script digit shaps in the Arabic (<code>ar</code>) locale.</p>
<aside class="example" id="example-locale-variation" title="Numeric Formats and Digit Shapes">
<p>In this example, the value <code>123456789.5678</code> is formatted using the locale rules represented by the various language tags. Notice how the <code>u</code> extension and its <code>nu</code> keyword are used to select between Latin and Devanagari digit shapes in the Hindi-as-used-in-India (<code>hi-IN</code>) locale and between Latin and Arabic script digit shaps in the Arabic (<code>ar</code>) locale.</p>

<table>
<thead>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -306,41 +307,132 @@ <h3>Locales and Internationalization</h3>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In the second example, the date value corresponding to 11 July 2020 on the Gregorian calendar is formatted using various different locales. Here, for example, the language tag for Thai (<code>th</code>) is extended to select between the Greogrian (<code>-u-ca-gregory</code>) and Thai Buddhist (<code>-u-ca-buddhist</code>) calendar systems. Other examples show the Japanese Imperial calendar and one type of Islamic calendar. Notice in the last example that the calendar is not restricted to a specific locale: here we show the Islamic calendar system in an English locale.</p>
</aside>
<aside class="example" id="example-calendar-variation" title="Date Formats and Calendars">
<p>In this example, a date value corresponding to <kbd>8 October 2020</kbd> on the Gregorian calendar is formatted using various different locales. In the tables below we present both the local-language and English (<code>en</code>) <a>locale</a> format of the same date value with different corresponding extension sequences supplied. This demonstrates the interplay between different locales and calendars when formatting a <a>locale-neutral</a> date value. Note that the <a>language tag extensions</a> can be applied to any <a>language tag</a> to modify the resulting <a>Unicode locale</a>.</p>

<p>Here are some presentational differences between English, French, and Japanese locales without using <a>language tag extensions</a> (each of which happens to use the Gregorian calendar):</p>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Locale</th>
<th>Formatted Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan=3><code>2020-10-08T12:00:00Z</code></td>
<td>en</td>
<td>October 8, 2020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>fr</td>
<td lang="fr">8 octobre 2020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ja</td>
<td lang="ja">2020&#x5E74;10&#x6708;8&#x65E5;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<p>Thailand uses the Thai Buddhist calendar, which can be represented using the extension sequence <code>-u-ca-buddhist</code>. This calendar is similar to the Gregorian calendar, but uses a different year numbering scheme.</p>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Variation Type</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Locale</th>
<th>Formatted Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan=5>Calendar</td>
<td rowspan=5><code>2020-07-11T12:00:00Z</code></td>
<td rowspan=4><code>2020-10-08T12:00:00Z</code></td>
<td>en</td>
<td>October 8, 2020</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>th-u-ca-gregory</td>
<td lang="th-u-ca-gregory">11 ก.ค. 2020</td>
<td lang="th-u-ca-gregory">8 &#x0E15;&#x0E38;&#x0E25;&#x0E32;&#x0E04;&#x0E21; &#x0E04;.&#x0E28;. 2020</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>th-u-ca-buddhist</td>
<td lang="th-u-ca-buddhist">11 ก.ค. 2563</td>
<td lang="th-u-ca-buddhist">8 &#x0E15;&#x0E38;&#x0E25;&#x0E32;&#x0E04;&#x0E21; 2563</td>
</tr>


<tr>
<td>en-u-ca-buddhist</td>
<td lang="en-u-ca-buddhist">October 8, 2563 BE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<p>In addition to the Gregorian calendar, Japan uses other calendar systems for different cultural or official purposes. One such calendar is the Japanese Imperial calendar denoted by the extension sequence <code>-u-ca-japanese</code>. This calendar is also similar to the Gregorian calendar, but uses a different year numbering scheme.</p>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Locale</th>
<th>Formatted Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan=3><code>2020-10-08T12:00:00Z</code></td>
<td>en</td>
<td>October 8, 2020</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>ja-u-ca-japanese</td>
<td lang="ja-u-ca-japanese">令和2年7月11日</td>
<td lang="ja-u-ca-japanese">&#x4EE4;&#x548C;2&#x5E74;10&#x6708;8&#x65E5;</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>en-u-ca-japanese</td>
<td lang="en-u-ca-japanese">October 8, 2 Reiwa</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<p>Some countries or cultures use non-Gregorian calendars for official, religious, or cultural purposes. One such calendar is represented by the extension sequence <code>-u-ca-islamic</code>. This particular calendar is based on lunar months and thus <code>2020-10-08</code> (Gregorian) corresponds to the 21st day of the 2nd month (called "Safar" when rendered into English). This calendar also uses a different year numbering scheme.</p>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Locale</th>
<th>Formatted Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan=3><code>2020-10-08T12:00:00Z</code></td>
<td>en</td>
<td>October 8, 2020</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>ar-u-ca-islamic</td>
<td dir=rtl lang="ar-u-ca-islamic">٢٠ ذو القعدة ١٤٤١ هـ</td>
<td dir="rtl" lang="ar-u-ca-islamic">&#x0662;&#x0661; &#x0635;&#x0641;&#x0631; &#x0661;&#x0664;&#x0664;&#x0662; &#x0647;&#x0640;</td>
</tr>
<tr>


<tr>
<td>en-u-ca-islamic</td>
<td lang="en-u-ca-islamic">Dhuʻl-Q. 20, 1441 AH</td>
<td lang="en-u-ca-islamic">Safar 21, 1442 AH</td>
</tr>

</tbody>
</table>

</aside>

<p class="definition"><dfn data-lt="non-linguistic field|field|non-linguistic fields|fields">Non-linguistic Field</dfn>. Any element of a data structure not intended for the storage or interchange of natural language textual data. This includes non-string data types, such as booleans, numbers, dates, and so forth. It also includes strings, such as program or protocol internal identifiers. This document uses the term <em>field</em> as a short hand for this concept.</p>
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