x86/ept: flush cache when modifying PTEs and sharing page tables

Modifications made to the page tables by EPT code need to be written
to memory when the page tables are shared with the IOMMU, as Intel
IOMMUs can be non-coherent and thus require changes to be written to
memory in order to be visible to the IOMMU.

In order to achieve this make sure data is written back to memory
after writing an EPT entry when the recalc bit is not set in
atomic_write_ept_entry. If such bit is set, the entry will be
adjusted and atomic_write_ept_entry will be called a second time
without the recalc bit set. Note that when splitting a super page the
new tables resulting of the split should also be written back.

Failure to do so can allow devices behind the IOMMU access to the
stale super page, or cause coherency issues as changes made by the
processor to the page tables are not visible to the IOMMU.

This allows to remove the VT-d specific iommu_pte_flush helper, since
the cache write back is now performed by atomic_write_ept_entry, and
hence iommu_iotlb_flush can be used to flush the IOMMU TLB. The newly
used method (iommu_iotlb_flush) can result in less flushes, since it
might sometimes be called rightly with 0 flags, in which case it
becomes a no-op.

This is part of XSA-321.

Signed-off-by: Roger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>

xen/arch/x86/mm/p2m-ept.c

@@ -58,6 +58,19 @@ static int atomic_write_ept_entry(struct p2m_domain *p2m,
 
     write_atomic(&entryptr->epte, new.epte);
 
+    /*
+     * The recalc field on the EPT is used to signal either that a
+     * recalculation of the EMT field is required (which doesn't effect the
+     * IOMMU), or a type change. Type changes can only be between ram_rw,
+     * logdirty and ioreq_server: changes to/from logdirty won't work well with
+     * an IOMMU anyway, as IOMMU #PFs are not synchronous and will lead to
+     * aborts, and changes to/from ioreq_server are already fully flushed
+     * before returning to guest context (see
+     * XEN_DMOP_map_mem_type_to_ioreq_server).
+     */
+    if ( !new.recalc && iommu_use_hap_pt(p2m->domain) )
+        iommu_sync_cache(entryptr, sizeof(*entryptr));
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -277,6 +290,9 @@ static bool_t ept_split_super_page(struct p2m_domain *p2m,
             break;
     }
 
+    if ( iommu_use_hap_pt(p2m->domain) )
+        iommu_sync_cache(table, EPT_PAGETABLE_ENTRIES * sizeof(ept_entry_t));
+
     unmap_domain_page(table);
 
     /* Even failed we should install the newly allocated ept page. */
@@ -336,6 +352,9 @@ static int ept_next_level(struct p2m_domain *p2m, bool_t read_only,
         if ( !next )
             return GUEST_TABLE_MAP_FAILED;
 
+        if ( iommu_use_hap_pt(p2m->domain) )
+            iommu_sync_cache(next, EPT_PAGETABLE_ENTRIES * sizeof(ept_entry_t));
+
         rc = atomic_write_ept_entry(p2m, ept_entry, e, next_level);
         ASSERT(rc == 0);
     }
@@ -824,7 +843,10 @@ ept_set_entry(struct p2m_domain *p2m, gfn_t gfn_, mfn_t mfn,
          need_modify_vtd_table )
     {
         if ( iommu_use_hap_pt(d) )
-            rc = iommu_pte_flush(d, gfn, &ept_entry->epte, order, vtd_pte_present);
+            rc = iommu_iotlb_flush(d, _dfn(gfn), (1u << order),
+                                   (iommu_flags ? IOMMU_FLUSHF_added : 0) |
+                                   (vtd_pte_present ? IOMMU_FLUSHF_modified
+                                                    : 0));
         else if ( need_iommu_pt_sync(d) )
             rc = iommu_flags ?
                 iommu_legacy_map(d, _dfn(gfn), mfn, order, iommu_flags) :

xen/drivers/passthrough/vtd/iommu.c

@@ -1887,53 +1887,6 @@ static int intel_iommu_lookup_page(struct domain *d, dfn_t dfn, mfn_t *mfn,
     return 0;
 }
 
-int iommu_pte_flush(struct domain *d, uint64_t dfn, uint64_t *pte,
-                    int order, int present)
-{
-    struct acpi_drhd_unit *drhd;
-    struct vtd_iommu *iommu = NULL;
-    struct domain_iommu *hd = dom_iommu(d);
-    bool_t flush_dev_iotlb;
-    int iommu_domid;
-    int rc = 0;
-
-    iommu_sync_cache(pte, sizeof(struct dma_pte));
-
-    for_each_drhd_unit ( drhd )
-    {
-        iommu = drhd->iommu;
-        if ( !test_bit(iommu->index, &hd->arch.iommu_bitmap) )
-            continue;
-
-        flush_dev_iotlb = !!find_ats_dev_drhd(iommu);
-        iommu_domid= domain_iommu_domid(d, iommu);
-        if ( iommu_domid == -1 )
-            continue;
-
-        rc = iommu_flush_iotlb_psi(iommu, iommu_domid,
-                                   __dfn_to_daddr(dfn),
-                                   order, !present, flush_dev_iotlb);
-        if ( rc > 0 )
-        {
-            iommu_flush_write_buffer(iommu);
-            rc = 0;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if ( unlikely(rc) )
-    {
-        if ( !d->is_shutting_down && printk_ratelimit() )
-            printk(XENLOG_ERR VTDPREFIX
-                   " d%d: IOMMU pages flush failed: %d\n",
-                   d->domain_id, rc);
-
-        if ( !is_hardware_domain(d) )
-            domain_crash(d);
-    }
-
-    return rc;
-}
-
 static int __init vtd_ept_page_compatible(struct vtd_iommu *iommu)
 {
     u64 ept_cap, vtd_cap = iommu->cap;

xen/include/asm-x86/iommu.h

@@ -97,10 +97,6 @@ static inline int iommu_adjust_irq_affinities(void)
            : 0;
 }
 
-/* While VT-d specific, this must get declared in a generic header. */
-int __must_check iommu_pte_flush(struct domain *d, u64 gfn, u64 *pte,
-                                 int order, int present);
-
 static inline bool iommu_supports_x2apic(void)
 {
     return iommu_init_ops && iommu_init_ops->supports_x2apic