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Added RFC 22
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| The Collective Code Construction Contract (C4) is an evolution of the github.com [http://help.github.com/send-pull-requests/ Fork + Pull Model], aimed at providing an optimal collaboration model for free software projects. This is revision 1 of the C4 specification. | ||
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| ++ Language | ||
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| The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119[((bibcite rfc2119))]. | ||
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| ++ Changes over Revision Zero | ||
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| * Removal of requirement to use Semantic Versioning, which allows changes to APIs that are forbidden by C4. | ||
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| * Clarification of how far a patch has to compile and pass tests. | ||
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| * Clarification that we maintain stabilization projects using the same process. | ||
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| * Addition of rule that accepted contributors are systematically invited to become maintainers. | ||
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| * Addition of section on "Project Administration". | ||
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| ++ Goals | ||
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| C4 is meant to provide a reusable optimal collaboration model for open source software projects. It has these specific goals: | ||
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| * To maximize the scale of the community around a project, by reducing the friction for new Contributors and creating a scaled participation model with strong positive feedbacks; | ||
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| * To relieve dependencies on key individuals by separating different skill sets so that there is a larger pool of competence in any required domain; | ||
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| * To allow the project to develop faster and more accurately, by increasing the diversity of the decision making process; | ||
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| * To support the natural life cycle of project versions from experimental through to stable, by allowing safe experimentation, rapid failure, and isolation of stable code; | ||
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| * To reduce the internal complexity of project repositories, thus making it easier for Contributors to participate and reducing the scope for error; | ||
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| * To enforce collective ownership of the project, which increases economic incentive to Contributors and reduces the risk of hijack by hostile entities. | ||
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| ++ Design | ||
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| +++ Preliminaries | ||
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| * The project SHALL use the git distributed revision control system. | ||
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| * The project SHALL be hosted on github.com or equivalent, herein called the "Platform". | ||
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| * The project SHALL use the Platform issue tracker. | ||
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| * The project SHOULD have clearly documented guidelines for code style. | ||
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| * A "Contributor" is a person who wishes to provide a patch, being a set of commits that solve some clearly identified problem. | ||
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| * A "Maintainer" is a person who merge patches to the project. Maintainers are not developers; their job is to enforce process. | ||
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| * Contributors SHALL NOT have commit access to the repository unless they are also Maintainers. | ||
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| * Maintainers SHALL have commit access to the repository. | ||
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| * Everyone, without distinction or discrimination, SHALL have an equal right to become a Contributor under the terms of this contract. | ||
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| +++ Licensing and Ownership | ||
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| * The project SHALL use the GPLv3 or a variant thereof (LGPL, AGPL). | ||
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| * All contributions to the project source code ("patches") SHALL use the same license as the project. | ||
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| * All patches are owned by their authors. There SHALL NOT be any copyright assignment process. | ||
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| * The copyrights in the project SHALL be owned collectively by all its Contributors. | ||
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| * Each Contributor SHALL be responsible for identifying themselves in the project Contributor list. | ||
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| +++ Patch Requirements | ||
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| * Maintainers and Contributors MUST have a Platform account and SHOULD use their real names or a well-known alias. | ||
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| * A patch SHOULD be a minimal and accurate answer to exactly one identified and agreed problem. | ||
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| * A patch MUST adhere to the code style guidelines of the project if these are defined. | ||
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| * A patch MUST adhere to the "Evolution of Public Contracts" guidelines defined below. | ||
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| * A patch SHALL NOT include non-trivial code from other projects unless the Contributor is the original author of that code. | ||
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| * A patch MUST compile cleanly and pass project self-tests on at least the principle target platform. | ||
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| * A "Correct Patch" is one that satisfies the above requirements. | ||
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| +++ Development Process | ||
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| * Change on the project SHALL be governed by the pattern of accurately identifying problems and applying minimal, accurate solutions to these problems. | ||
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| * To initiate changes, a user SHALL log an issue on the project Platform issue tracker. | ||
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| * The user SHOULD write the issue by describing the problem they face or observe. | ||
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| * The user SHOULD seek consensus on the accuracy of their observation, and the value of solving the problem. | ||
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| * Users SHALL NOT log feature requests, ideas, suggestions, or any solutions to problems that are not explicitly documented and provable. | ||
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| * Thus, the release history of the project SHALL be a list of meaningful issues logged and solved. | ||
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| * To work on an issue, a Contributor SHALL fork the project repository and then work on their forked repository. | ||
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| * To submit a patch, a Contributor SHALL create a Platform pull request back to the project. | ||
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| * A Contributor SHALL NOT commit changes directly to the project. | ||
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| * To discuss a patch, people MAY comment on the Platform pull request, on the commit, or elsewhere. | ||
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| * To accept or reject a patch, a Maintainer SHALL use the Platform interface. | ||
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| * Maintainers SHALL NOT accept their own patches. | ||
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| * Maintainers SHALL NOT make value judgments on correct patches. | ||
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| * Maintainers SHALL merge correct patches rapidly. | ||
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| * The Contributor MAY tag an issue as "Ready" after making a pull request for the issue. | ||
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| * The user who created an issue SHOULD close the issue after checking the patch is successful. | ||
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| * Maintainers SHOULD ask for improvements to incorrect patches and SHOULD reject incorrect patches if the Contributor does not respond constructively. | ||
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| * Any Contributor who has value judgments on a correct patch SHOULD express these via their own patches. | ||
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| * Maintainers MAY commit changes to non-source documentation directly to the project. | ||
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| +++ Creating Stable Releases | ||
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| * The project SHALL have one branch ("master") that always holds the latest in-progress version and SHOULD always build. | ||
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| * The project SHALL NOT use topic branches for any reason. Personal forks MAY use topic branches. | ||
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| * To make a stable release someone SHALL fork the repository by copying it and thus become maintainer of this repository. | ||
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| * Forking a project for stabilization MAY be done unilaterally and without agreement of project maintainers. | ||
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| * A stabilization project SHOULD be maintained by the same process as the main project. | ||
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| * A patch to a stabilization project declared "stable" SHALL be accompanied by a reproducible test case. | ||
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| +++ Evolution of Public Contracts | ||
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| * All Public Contracts (APIs or protocols) SHOULD be documented. | ||
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| * All Public Contracts SHOULD have space for extensibility and experimentation. | ||
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| * A patch that modifies a Public Contract SHOULD not break existing applications unless there is prior consensus on the value of doing this. | ||
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| * A patch that introduces new features to a Public Contract SHOULD do so using new names. | ||
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| * Old names SHOULD be deprecated in a systematic fashion by marking new names as "experimental" until they are stable, then marking the old names as "deprecated". | ||
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| * When sufficient time has passed, old deprecated names SHOULD be marked "legacy" and eventually removed. | ||
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| * Old names SHALL NOT be reused by new features. | ||
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| * When old names are removed, their implementations MUST provoke an exception (assertion) if used by applications. | ||
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| +++ Project Administration | ||
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| * The project founders SHALL act as Administrators to manage the set of project Maintainers. | ||
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| * The Administrators SHALL ensure their own succession over time by promoting the most effective Maintainers. | ||
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| * A new Contributor who makes a correct patch SHALL be invited to become a Maintainer. | ||
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| * Administrators MAY remove Maintainers who are inactive for an extended period of time, or who repeatedly fail to apply this process accurately. | ||
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| ++ References | ||
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| [[bibliography]] | ||
| : rfc2119 : "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels" - [http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119 ietf.org] | ||
| : fandos : "Definition of a Free and Open Standard" - [http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition digistan.org] | ||
| : coss : "Consensus Oriented Specification System" - [http://www.digistan.org/spec:1/COSS digistan.org] | ||
| [[/bibliography]] |