TypeConverts.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
pragma solidity ^0.8.15;

contract TypeConverts {
    // https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/64998/converting-from-bytes-in-0-5-x?rq=1
    function bytesToAddress(bytes memory _b) public pure returns (address) {
        return address(tb20(_b));
    }

    function tb20(bytes memory _b) public pure returns (bytes20 _result) {
        assembly {
            _result := mload(add(_b, 0x20))
        }
    }

    function uint2str(uint256 _i) internal pure returns (string memory _uintAsString) {
        if (_i == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 j = _i;
        uint256 len;
        while (j != 0) {
            len++;
            j /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory bstr = new bytes(len);
        uint256 k = len;
        while (_i != 0) {
            k = k - 1;
            uint8 temp = (48 + uint8(_i - (_i / 10) * 10));
            bytes1 b1 = bytes1(temp);
            bstr[k] = b1;
            _i /= 10;
        }
        return string(bstr);
    }

    // // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47129173/how-to-convert-uint-to-string-in-solidity
    // function uint2str(uint256 _i)
    //     public
    //     pure
    //     returns (string memory _uintAsString)
    // {
    //     if (_i == 0) {
    //         return "0";
    //     }
    //     uint256 j = _i;
    //     uint256 len;
    //     while (j != 0) {
    //         len++;
    //         j /= 10;
    //     }
    //     bytes memory bstr = new bytes(len);
    //     uint256 k = len;
    //     while (_i != 0) {
    //         k = k - 1;
    //         uint8 temp = (48 + uint8(_i - (_i / 10) * 10));
    //         bytes1 b1 = bytes1(temp);
    //         bstr[k] = b1;
    //         _i /= 10;
    //     }
    //     return string(bstr);
    // }

    // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68976364/solidity-converting-number-strings-to-numbers
    function st2num(string memory numString) public pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 val = 0;
        bytes memory stringBytes = bytes(numString);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < stringBytes.length; i++) {
            uint256 exp = stringBytes.length - i;
            bytes1 ival = stringBytes[i];
            uint8 uval = uint8(ival);
            uint256 jval = uval - uint256(0x30);

            val += (uint256(jval) * (10 ** (exp - 1)));
        }
        return val;
    }

    // https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/8346/convert-address-to-string/8447#8447
    function addressToString(address x) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory s = new bytes(40);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            bytes1 b = bytes1(uint8(uint256(uint160(x)) / (2 ** (8 * (19 - i)))));
            bytes1 hi = bytes1(uint8(b) / 16);
            bytes1 lo = bytes1(uint8(b) - 16 * uint8(hi));
            s[2 * i] = char(hi);
            s[2 * i + 1] = char(lo);
        }
        return string(abi.encodePacked("0x", s));
    }

    function char(bytes1 b) internal pure returns (bytes1 c) {
        if (uint8(b) < 10) return bytes1(uint8(b) + 0x30);
        else return bytes1(uint8(b) + 0x57);
    }
}