Protect against invalid asynchronous_metrics_update_period_s settings

[rschu1ze]

Trading divide-by-zero crash for a normal exception ...

Changelog category (leave one):

• Improvement

Changelog entry (a user-readable short description of the changes that goes to CHANGELOG.md):

Server settings asynchronous_metrics_update_period_s and asynchronous_heavy_metrics_update_period_s configured to 0 now fail gracefully instead of crash the server

[robot-clickhouse]

This is an automated comment for commit 336262f with description of existing statuses. It's updated for the latest CI running
The full report is available here
The overall status of the commit is 🔴 failure

Check name	Description	Status
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Stateful tests	Runs stateful functional tests for ClickHouse binaries built in various configurations -- release, debug, with sanitizers, etc	🟢 success
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