Number Conversion

This repository has Windows based app that can be used to convert from and to different number systems or data types.

Online version is available as well:

Online Version	Webpage
Online Version Code	Repository

This is the best-effort attempt at number conversion up to 128 bits.

Supported number or data types are: signed & unsigned integer, floating point, binary, octal and hex numbers with some possible terminology related to these:

• Int8 UInt8 Int16 UInt16 Int32 UInt32 Int64 UInt64 Int128 UInt128
• SBYTE BYTE SHORT USHORT INT UINT DINT UDINT LONG ULONG
• Float32 Float64 REAL FLOAT SINGLE DOUBLE LREAL

An open mind and some knowledge of number systems, hopefully binary, will help understand the displayed values.

Possibly of good use to those who are dealing with Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) - some Modbus logic was used here. All is good as an educational resource.

Number Conversion App

Functionality

All the displayed values revolve around the binary representation and/or integer promotion/demotion, with the following logic being used:

• 128-bit = 2 x 64-bit = 4 x 32-bit = 8 x 16-bit = 16 x 8-bit ... 64-bit = 2 x 32-bit = 4 x 16-bit = 8 x 8-bit ... etc
• Signed integers have equivalency for as long as the displayed number exists within their own data type
• Unsigned integers have equivalency only if they represent the same signed integer
• Any number will be looked at with the required number of bits for the selected data type, for example:
  • If you select Int64 then the binary will show 64 bits regardless of what valid number from the 64-bit range you enter
  • All other data types that have that same integer number within their own range will then display it as such
  • All other data types that don't have that same integer number within their own range will then display multiple values of their own data type:
    • each displayed value is representing the number of bytes required for their own data type
    • bytes are extracted from the binary representation of the original number
• The required number of bits will be achieved by either splitting the original bits into groups or extending it while observing the sign
• The weight of all the displayed values is Hi <----> Lo and with the following picture helping understand it:

Floating-point numbers are somewhat special and that's why they are in their own section

• Floating-point binary format is: Sign bit - Exponent bits - Fraction bits (ex.: 32-bit = 1-8-23 bits ; 64-bit = 1-11-52 bits)
• Floating-point equivalent integer representation is packed into the BigInteger number
• Floating-point equivalent integer representation observes only the Integral part and disregards the Fractional part of the number
• If you want to use the BYTE logic for floating-point numbers then you will have to perform 2 conversions, here is an example:
  • Select Float32 data type, enter number "1.2241" and then check its representation under BinaryF32, which should show the following:
    • 0 01111111 00111001010111101001111 which is Sign bit - Exponent bits - Fraction bits representation
  • This is 32 bits so it can be looked at as 4 bytes (4 groups of 8 bits)
  • Right click and copy this binary number
  • Switch to Binary data type, right click and paste the number, hit Convert button or just press Enter
  • Now you can see how those 4 bytes are interpreted by integer data types, ex. Int8 will show "63, -100, -81, 79" while Int32 will show "1067233103"
  • Also, the floating-point numbers section now shows a representation of "1067233103" and not the number "1.2241" we started with

Build

All it takes is to:

• Either use the Windows executable file from the exe folder or follow the instructions below to build it yourself.
• Download and install Visual Studio community edition (2022 was used for last updates to this project).
• Download and extract the zip file of this project.
• Open this as an existing project in Visual Studio and, on the menu, do:
  • Build/Build Solution (or press Ctrl-Shift-B).
  • Debug/Start Debugging (or press F5) to run the app.
• Locate created EXE file in the /bin/Debug folder and copy it over to your preferred folder or Desktop.

Licensing

This is licensed under MIT License.

Trademarks

Any and all trademarks, either directly or indirectly mentioned in this project, belong to their respective owners.