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Ken Kundert
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# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files | ||
__pycache__/ | ||
*.py[cod] | ||
*$py.class | ||
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# C extensions | ||
*.so | ||
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# Distribution / packaging | ||
.Python | ||
build/ | ||
develop-eggs/ | ||
dist/ | ||
downloads/ | ||
eggs/ | ||
.eggs/ | ||
lib/ | ||
lib64/ | ||
parts/ | ||
sdist/ | ||
var/ | ||
wheels/ | ||
*.egg-info/ | ||
.installed.cfg | ||
*.egg | ||
MANIFEST | ||
.*.swp | ||
doc/.build | ||
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# PyInstaller | ||
# Usually these files are written by a python script from a template | ||
# before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it. | ||
*.manifest | ||
*.spec | ||
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# Installer logs | ||
pip-log.txt | ||
pip-delete-this-directory.txt | ||
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# Unit test / coverage reports | ||
htmlcov/ | ||
.tox/ | ||
.coverage | ||
.coverage.* | ||
.cache | ||
nosetests.xml | ||
coverage.xml | ||
*.cover | ||
.hypothesis/ | ||
.pytest_cache/ | ||
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# Translations | ||
*.mo | ||
*.pot | ||
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# Django stuff: | ||
*.log | ||
local_settings.py | ||
db.sqlite3 | ||
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# Flask stuff: | ||
instance/ | ||
.webassets-cache | ||
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# Scrapy stuff: | ||
.scrapy | ||
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# Sphinx documentation | ||
docs/_build/ | ||
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# PyBuilder | ||
target/ | ||
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# Jupyter Notebook | ||
.ipynb_checkpoints | ||
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# pyenv | ||
.python-version | ||
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# celery beat schedule file | ||
celerybeat-schedule | ||
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# SageMath parsed files | ||
*.sage.py | ||
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# Environments | ||
.env | ||
.venv | ||
env/ | ||
venv/ | ||
ENV/ | ||
env.bak/ | ||
venv.bak/ | ||
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# Spyder project settings | ||
.spyderproject | ||
.spyproject | ||
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# Rope project settings | ||
.ropeproject | ||
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# mkdocs documentation | ||
/site | ||
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# mypy | ||
.mypy_cache/ | ||
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TODO |
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Flicker Noise Formulations in Compact Models | ||
============================================ | ||
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Includes a resistor model that demonstrates how to properly model flicker noise | ||
in Verilog-A as described in "Flicker Noise Formulations in Compact Models", to | ||
be published in Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and | ||
Systems some time in 2020. | ||
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Also included are two circuits. The first is a simple test circuit for the | ||
resistor model. The second is a circuit that tests the implementation of flicker | ||
noise in the built-in BSIM4 model. | ||
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If you have a recent version of Spectre, you can simulate the circuits directly | ||
and view the results in your favorite waveform viewer. | ||
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If you have Python 3.6 or later, you can also run the simulation scripts, which | ||
re-generate the netlists, run the simulation (in Spectre), and plot the results. | ||
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To install the script dependencies, from the directory that contains setup.py, | ||
run:: | ||
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pip3 install --user . | ||
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This installs all dependencies into ~/.local/lib. Then simply run:: | ||
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./runPnoise | ||
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or:: | ||
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./runBSIM | ||
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These run a simulation and plot the results. You have the -v option and the | ||
logfile (.runPnoise.log or .runBSIM.log) to help you out if you run into any | ||
problems. | ||
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You can also run a simulation of the broken resistor model:: | ||
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./runPnoise --broken | ||
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You can view the signal and waveforms with:: | ||
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> list-psf -f pnoise.raw/pnoise.pnoise -l | ||
> plot-psf out | ||
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My rather old version of Spectre (15.1.0) generated the following results: | ||
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Resistor: | ||
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.. image:: results/resistor.svg | ||
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BSIM: | ||
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.. image:: results/bsim.svg |
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// Resistor model with both thermal and flicker noise | ||
// | ||
// This model demonstrates the wrong way to model flicker noise. It gives | ||
// correct results in noise analyses but the wrong results in pnoise analyses. | ||
// The issue is described in "Flicker Noise Formulations in Compact Models", to | ||
// be published in Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits | ||
// and Systems some time in 2020. | ||
// | ||
// DO NOT USE THIS MODEL. | ||
// | ||
// It is provided only to demonstrate the wrong way to write a flicker noise | ||
// model. | ||
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`include "disciplines.vams" | ||
`include "constants.vams" | ||
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module res_va(a,b); | ||
inout a, b; | ||
electrical a, b; | ||
parameter real R = 100.0 from (0.0:inf); | ||
parameter real KF = 1.0e-6 from [0.0:inf); | ||
parameter real AF = 2.0 from (0.1:inf); | ||
parameter real EF = 1.0 from (-inf:inf); | ||
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analog begin : vaResistor | ||
real Ir, Pn; | ||
Ir = V(a,b)/R; | ||
Pn = KF*pow(abs(Ir), AF); | ||
I(a,b) <+ Ir; | ||
I(a,b) <+ white_noise(4.0*`P_K*$temperature/R, "thermal"); | ||
I(a,b) <+ flicker_noise(Pn, EF, "flicker"); | ||
end | ||
endmodule |
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#!/bin/sh | ||
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rm -rf {pnoise,pnbsim}.{ahdlSimDB,raw,log} | ||
rm -rf .{runPnoise,runBSIM}.log | ||
rm -rf .*.Linux-64.dep *.ahdlcmi | ||
rm -rf build dist flicker_noise.egg-info |
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// BSIM flicker noise simulations | ||
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simulator lang=spectre | ||
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model nchbsim4_f0 bsim4 fnoimod=0 kf=1e-23 af=2 | ||
model nchbsim4_f1 bsim4 fnoimod=1 | ||
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VX (x 0) vsource type=sine dc=1.0 sinedc=0.0 ampl=100mV freq=131.072kHz | ||
ED (d 0 x 0) vcvs gain=1 | ||
ES (s 0 x 0) vcvs gain=-1 | ||
VG (g 0) vsource dc=3 | ||
VB (b 0) vsource dc=-0.2 | ||
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MBSIM4f0 (d_f0 g s b) nchbsim4_f0 l=1um w=10um | ||
MBSIM4f1 (d_f1 g s b) nchbsim4_f1 l=1um w=10um | ||
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iRESf0 (d d_f0) vsource dc=0.0 | ||
iRESf1 (d d_f1) vsource dc=0.0 | ||
Rout (noise 0) resistor isnoisy=no r=100kOhm | ||
Hnoise (noise 0) pccvs coeffs=[0 1 1] probes=[iRESf0 iRESf1] | ||
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noise (noise 0) noise start=4_Hz stop=4.194304MHz dec=2k | ||
pop pss fund=131.072kHz | ||
pnoise (noise 0) pnoise start=4_Hz stop=4.194304MHz dec=2k maxsideband=10 |
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// Resistor flicker noise simulations | ||
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simulator lang=spectre | ||
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ahdl_include "resistor.va" | ||
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model rref resistor kf=1.0e-6 af=2 // to match res_va | ||
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Vin (n 0) vsource type=sine dc=1.0 sinedc=0.0 ampl=100mV freq=131.072kHz | ||
R1 (n 0) res_va | ||
R2 (n 0) rref r=100.0 | ||
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noise noise start=4_Hz stop=4.194304MHz dec=2k oprobe=Vin | ||
pss pss fund=131.072kHz | ||
pnoise pnoise start=4_Hz stop=4.194304MHz dec=2k maxsideband=10 oprobe=Vin |
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// Resistor model with both thermal and flicker noise | ||
// | ||
// This model demonstrates the correct way to model flicker noise. It gives | ||
// correct results in both noise and pnoise analyses as described in "Flicker | ||
// Noise Formulations in Compact Models", to be published in Transactions on | ||
// Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems some time in 2020. | ||
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`include "disciplines.vams" | ||
`include "constants.vams" | ||
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module res_va(a,b); | ||
inout a, b; | ||
electrical a, b; | ||
parameter real R = 100.0 from (0.0:inf); | ||
parameter real KF = 1.0e-6 from [0.0:inf); | ||
parameter real AF = 2.0 from (0.1:inf); | ||
parameter real EF = 1.0 from (-inf:inf); | ||
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analog function integer sign; | ||
input arg; | ||
real arg; | ||
sign = arg >= 0 ? +1 : -1; | ||
endfunction | ||
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analog begin : vaResistor | ||
real Ir, Pn; | ||
Ir = V(a,b)/R; | ||
Pn = KF*pow(abs(Ir), AF); | ||
I(a,b) <+ Ir; | ||
I(a,b) <+ white_noise(4.0*`P_K*$temperature/R, "thermal"); | ||
I(a,b) <+ flicker_noise(sign(Ir)*Pn, EF, "flicker"); | ||
end | ||
endmodule |
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