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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="author" content="Fabian Bäumer, Marcus Brinkmann, Jörg Schwenk">
<meta name="keywords" content="Terrapin attack, SSH vulnerability, SSH protocol, Security breach, Integrity, Network security, Prefix truncation attack, Cyber Security Research">
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</head>
<body>
<header id="top">
<h1>Terrapin Attack</h1>
<div class="logo"></div>
</header>
<section id="intro">
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="index.html#paper">Paper</a>
<li><a href="index.html#scanner">Vulnerability Scanner</a></li>
<li><a href="index.html#question-answer">Q&A</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Patches</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<p>
Due to the widespread adoption of affected cipher modes, patching Terrapin (CVE-2023-48795) is notoriously difficult.
To make matters worse, "strict kex" requires both peers, client and server, to support it in order to take effect.
A wide variety of SSH implementations started adopting "strict kex" since public disclosure. This site is an attempt
to capture affected products, and their patched release versions (if any).
</p>
<p>
All implementations marked with an asterisk were contacted as part of our responsible disclosure. You may also find
the reasoning for this selection further down below.
</p>
<p>
We advise users of <a href="#win32openssh">Win32-OpenSSH</a> (the SSH implementation built into Windows 10 / 11 / Server 2019 / 2022)
to update their implementations to 9.5.0.0p1-Beta manually as
<a href="https://github.com/PowerShell/Win32-OpenSSH/issues/2189#issuecomment-1866729729">Microsoft stated</a>
that they won't be delivering this update through Windows Update. While it is true that the impact on Win32-OpenSSH
is limited (and obviously doesn't hit Microsoft's bar for servicing), we must stress that "strict kex" requires both
peers to support it. Microsoft's decision consequently allows unknown server-side implementation bugs to remain
exploitable in a Terrapin-like attack, even if the server got patched to support "strict kex".
</p>
<p>
This list may not be complete. If you find any implementation that is not listed but has released support for "strict kex",
feel free to <a href="https://github.com/RUB-NDS/Terrapin-Website/pulls">open up a PR over on GitHub</a>.
</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Implementation</th>
<th>Affected Versions</th>
<th>Patched Version(s)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr id="absolutetelnet">
<td>AbsoluteTelnet*</td>
<td>11.38 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.celestialsoftware.net/download-page.html">12.11</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="apachemina">
<td>Apache MINA SSHD*</td>
<td>2.11.0 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/apache/mina-sshd/releases/tag/sshd-2.12.0">2.12.0</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="asyncssh">
<td>AsyncSSH*</td>
<td>2.14.1 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://asyncssh.readthedocs.io/en/latest/changes.html#release-2-14-2-18-dec-2023">2.14.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="bitvise">
<td>Bitvise SSH*</td>
<td>9.31 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.bitvise.com/ssh-client-version-history#933">9.33</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="connectbot">
<td>ConnectBot*</td>
<td>1.9.9 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/connectbot/connectbot/releases/tag/v1.9.10">1.9.10</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="crushftp">
<td>CrushFTP</td>
<td>10.5.6 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.crushftp.com/crush10wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=Update">10.6.0</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="cyclonessh">
<td>CycloneSSH*</td>
<td>2.3.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://oryx-embedded.com/download/#changelog">2.3.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="dropbear">
<td>Dropbear*</td>
<td>2022.83 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/mkj/dropbear/releases/tag/DROPBEAR_2024.84">2024.84</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="erlang">
<td>Erlang/OTP SSH*</td>
<td>OTP 26.2 and earlier<br>OTP 25.3.2.7 and earlier<br>OTP 24.3.4.14 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/tag/OTP-26.2.1">OTP 26.2.1</a><br><a href="https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/tag/OTP-25.3.2.8">OTP 25.3.2.8</a><br><a href="https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/tag/OTP-24.3.4.15">OTP 24.3.4.15</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="filezilla">
<td>FileZilla Client</td>
<td>3.66.1 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://filezilla-project.org/versions.php">3.66.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="forgejo">
<td>Forgejo</td>
<td>1.21.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://codeberg.org/forgejo/forgejo/src/branch/forgejo/RELEASE-NOTES.md#1-21-3-0">1.21.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="gitea">
<td>Gitea</td>
<td>1.21.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://blog.gitea.com/release-of-1.21.3/">1.21.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="golang">
<td>Golang x/crypto/ssh*</td>
<td>0.16.0 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/qA3XtxvMUyg">0.17.0</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="jsch">
<td>JSch (Fork)*</td>
<td>0.2.14 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/mwiede/jsch/releases/tag/jsch-0.2.15">0.2.15</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="lancomlcos">
<td>Lancom LCOS*</td>
<td>10.80 RU1 and earlier<br>10.72 RU6 and earlier<br>10.50 RU12 and earlier<br>10.42 SU12 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.lancom-systems.com/service-support/general-security-information#c243509">10.80 RU2</a><br><a href="https://www.lancom-systems.com/service-support/general-security-information#c243509">10.72 RU7</a><br><a href="https://www.lancom-systems.com/service-support/general-security-information#c243509">10.50 RU13</a><br><a href="https://www.lancom-systems.com/service-support/general-security-information#c243509">10.42 SU13</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="lancomlcosfx">
<td>Lancom LCOS FX*</td>
<td>10.13 RU2 and earlier<br>10.12 RU4 and earlier<br>10.11 RU3 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.lancom-systems.com/service-support/general-security-information#c243509">10.13 RU3</a><br> <br> </td>
</tr>
<tr id="lancomlcoslx">
<td>Lancom LCOS LX*</td>
<td>6.14 Rel and earlier<br>5.36 RU3 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.lancom-systems.com/service-support/general-security-information#c243509">6.14 RU1</a><br> </td>
</tr>
<tr id="lancomlcossx">
<td>Lancom LCOS SX*</td>
<td>5.20 RU6 and earlier<br>4.20 RU2 and earlier</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr id="lanconfig">
<td>Lancom LANConfig*</td>
<td>10.80 RU2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.lancom-systems.com/service-support/general-security-information#c243509">10.80 RU3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="libssh">
<td>libssh*</td>
<td>0.10.5 and earlier<br>0.9.7 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.libssh.org/2023/12/18/libssh-0-10-6-and-libssh-0-9-8-security-releases/">0.10.6<br>0.9.8</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="libssh2">
<td>libssh2*</td>
<td>1.11.0 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/commit/d34d9258b8420b19ec3f97b4cc5bf7aa7d98e35a">To be released</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="mavericklegacy">
<td>Maverick Legacy*</td>
<td>1.7.55 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://jadaptive.com/important-java-ssh-security-update-new-ssh-vulnerability-discovered-cve-2023-48795/">1.7.56</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="mavericksynergy">
<td>Maverick Synergy*</td>
<td>3.0.21 and earlier (Hotfix)<br>3.0.10 and earlier (OSS)</td>
<td><a href="https://jadaptive.com/important-java-ssh-security-update-new-ssh-vulnerability-discovered-cve-2023-48795/">3.0.22<br>3.1.0-SNAPSHOT</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="mobaxterm">
<td>MobaXterm</td>
<td>23.5 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/download-home-edition.html">23.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="nova">
<td>Nova</td>
<td>11.7 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://nova.app/releases/#v11.8">11.8</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="openssh">
<td>OpenSSH*</td>
<td>9.5 / 9.5p1 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.openssh.com/txt/release-9.6">9.6 / 9.6p1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="paramiko">
<td>Paramiko*</td>
<td>3.3.1 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.paramiko.org/changelog.html#3.4.0">3.4.0</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="phpseclib">
<td>phpseclib</td>
<td>3.0.34 and earlier<br>2.0.45 and earlier<br>1.0.21 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/phpseclib/phpseclib/releases/tag/3.0.35">3.0.35</a><br><a href="https://github.com/phpseclib/phpseclib/releases/tag/2.0.46">2.0.46</a><br><a href="https://github.com/phpseclib/phpseclib/releases/tag/1.0.22">1.0.22</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="pkixssh">
<td>PKIX-SSH*</td>
<td>14.3 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://roumenpetrov.info/secsh/#news20231220">14.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="podman">
<td>podman</td>
<td>4.8.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/containers/podman/releases/tag/v4.8.3">4.8.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="proftpd">
<td>ProFTPD*</td>
<td>1.3.8a and earlier</td>
<td><a href="http://www.proftpd.org/docs/RELEASE_NOTES-1.3.8b">1.3.8b</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="putty">
<td>PuTTY*</td>
<td>0.79 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/changes.html">0.80</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="russh">
<td>Russh*</td>
<td>0.40.1 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/warp-tech/russh/releases/tag/v0.40.2">0.40.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="securecrt">
<td>SecureCRT*</td>
<td>9.4.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.vandyke.com/support/advisory/2023/12/ssh2-novel-prefix-truncation-terrapin-attack.html">9.4.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="securefx">
<td>SecureFX*</td>
<td>9.4.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.vandyke.com/support/advisory/2023/12/ssh2-novel-prefix-truncation-terrapin-attack.html">9.4.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="sftpgateway">
<td>SFTP Gateway</td>
<td>3.4.5 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://help.thorntech.com/docs/sftp-gateway-3.0/aws-cve-2023-48795/">3.4.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="sftpgo">
<td>SFTPGo</td>
<td>2.5.5 and earlier<br>2.4.5 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/drakkan/sftpgo/releases/tag/v2.5.6">2.5.6</a><br><a href="https://github.com/drakkan/sftpgo/releases/tag/v2.4.6">2.4.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="ssh2">
<td>ssh2*</td>
<td>1.14.0 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/mscdex/ssh2/releases/tag/v1.15.0">1.15.0</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="sshj">
<td>sshj*</td>
<td>0.37.0 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/hierynomus/sshj/releases/tag/v0.38.0">0.38.0</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="tectia">
<td>Tectia SSH*</td>
<td>6.6.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ssh.com/tectia-server-product-update">6.6.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="teraterm">
<td>Tera Term*</td>
<td>5.0 and earlier<br>4.107 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/TeraTermProject/teraterm/releases/tag/v5.1">5.1</a><br><a href="https://github.com/TeraTermProject/teraterm/releases/tag/v4.108">4.108</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="thrussh">
<td>Thrussh*</td>
<td>0.34.0 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://crates.io/crates/thrussh/0.35.1">0.35.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="tinyssh">
<td>TinySSH</td>
<td>20230101 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/janmojzis/tinyssh/releases/tag/20240101">20240101</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="transmit">
<td>Transmit</td>
<td>5.10.3 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://help.panic.com/releasenotes/transmit5/">5.10.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="jenkinstrilead">
<td>trilead-ssh2 (Jenkins CI)</td>
<td>build-217-jenkins-274<br>and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/jenkinsci/trilead-ssh2/releases/tag/build-217-jenkins-247.249.v2c275b_194046">build-217-jenkins-247.249</td>
</tr>
<tr id="vshell">
<td>VShell*</td>
<td>4.9.0 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.vandyke.com/support/advisory/2023/12/ssh2-novel-prefix-truncation-terrapin-attack.html">4.9.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="win32openssh">
<td>Win32-OpenSSH*</td>
<td>9.4.0.0p1-Beta</td>
<td><a href="https://github.com/PowerShell/Win32-OpenSSH/releases/tag/v9.5.0.0p1-Beta">9.5.0.0p1-Beta</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="winscp">
<td>WinSCP</td>
<td>6.1.2 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://winscp.net/eng/docs/history#6.2.2">6.2.2 beta</a></td>
</tr>
<tr id="xshell7">
<td>XShell 7*</td>
<td>Build 0142 and earlier</td>
<td><a href="https://www.netsarang.com/en/xshell-update-history/">Build 0144</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
There are also open issues for the following SSH implementations referencing Terrapin (CVE-2023-48795). Note that
listing an implementation here does not imply that Terrapin will affect the implementation. Instead, this is meant
to keep track of implementations, which might implement "strict kex" in the future.
<ul>
<li>KiTTY: <a href="https://github.com/cyd01/KiTTY/issues/520">cyd01/KiTTY#520</a></li>
<li>Twisted Conch SSH: <a href="https://github.com/twisted/twisted/issues/12057">twisted/twisted#12057</a></li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
Aside from the SSH implementations marked with an asterisk, we included the following implementations, vendors, and CERTs
in our responsible disclosure process. Due to the lack of proper security contacts and response, we were not able to
disclose our findings to some of them.
<ul>
<li>Amazon AWS</li>
<li>CERT-Bund</li>
<li>Cisco</li>
<li>Ericsson</li>
<li>Microsoft</li>
<li>Mikrotik</li>
<li>Partnered CERTs of CERT-Bund (via CERT-Bund)</li>
<li>SSH Server for Windows (Georgia Softworks)</li>
<li>Termius (Termius Corporation)</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
The selection of SSH implementations contacted during responsible disclosure was based on several factors. We aimed
to achieve a decent coverage of "strict kex" on public disclosure by focusing on the underlying SSH implementations.
We gathered all SSH implementations listed in publicly available resources (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_SSH_clients">Wikipedia SSH clients</a>,
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_SSH_servers">Wikipedia SSH servers</a>, <a href="https://ssh-comparison.quendi.de/">Quendi SSH implementation comparison</a>)
as a baseline. We complemented these with potentially vulnerable implementations from our internet-wide SSH scans and
some implementations that were well-known to us and not included in either of these lists.
Based on this dataset, we contacted all implementations that fulfilled the following criteria:
<ol>
<li>Not based on another implementation already included, or heavily modified.</li>
<li>Supports <code>chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com</code> or any <code>-etm@openssh.com</code> algorithm.</li>
<li>Supports SSH extension negotiation (RFC8308).</li>
</ol>
</p>
</section>
<footer>
<p class="text-muted">Last updated 2024-04-24. The Terrapin
website is free to use under
a <a href="//creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0</a>
license. Web design by <a href="http://sarahmadden.com/">Sarah
Madden</a> and Christian Dresen.
Adapted for Terrapin by Fabian Bäumer.
The Terrapin logo was designed
by <a href="https://www.fiverr.com/tnhs_project">tnhs_project</a>.
| <a href="imprint.html">Imprint</a></p>
</footer>
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