Merge pull request idaholab#14473 from hugary1995/ADWeakPlaneStress

ADWeakPlaneStress

framework/include/interfaces/ScalarCoupleable.h

@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#define usingScalarCoupleableMembers                                                               \
+  using ScalarCoupleable::coupledScalarComponents;                                                 \
+  using ScalarCoupleable::coupledScalarValueOld
+
 // Forward declarations
 class FEProblemBase;
 class InputParameters;

framework/include/materials/ADMaterial.h

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #define usingMaterialMembers                                                                       \
   usingMooseObjectMembers;                                                                         \
   usingCoupleableMembers;                                                                          \
+  usingScalarCoupleableMembers;                                                                    \
   usingTransientInterfaceMembers;                                                                  \
   usingBlockRestrictableMembers;                                                                   \
   usingFunctionInterfaceMembers;                                                                   \

modules/combined/test/tests/elastic_thermal_patch/ad_elastic_thermal_weak_plane_stress_jacobian.i

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+[GlobalParams]
+  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
+  temperature = temp
+  out_of_plane_strain = strain_zz
+[]
+
+[Mesh]
+  file = square.e
+[]
+
+[Variables]
+  [./disp_x]
+  [../]
+  [./disp_y]
+  [../]
+  [./strain_zz]
+  [../]
+  [./temp]
+  [../]
+[]
+
+[Modules/TensorMechanics/Master]
+  [./plane_stress]
+    planar_formulation = WEAK_PLANE_STRESS
+    strain = SMALL
+    eigenstrain_names = thermal_eigenstrain
+    use_automatic_differentiation = true
+  [../]
+[]
+
+[Kernels]
+  [./heat]
+    type = HeatConduction
+    variable = temp
+    use_displaced_mesh = false
+  [../]
+[]
+
+[Materials]
+  [./elasticity_tensor]
+    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
+    poissons_ratio = 0.0
+    youngs_modulus = 1
+  [../]
+  [./thermal_strain]
+    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
+    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1e-5
+    stress_free_temperature = 0
+    eigenstrain_name = thermal_eigenstrain
+  [../]
+  [./stress]
+    type = ADComputeLinearElasticStress
+  [../]
+
+  [./conductivity]
+    type = HeatConductionMaterial
+    thermal_conductivity = 1
+    use_displaced_mesh = false
+  [../]
+[]
+
+[Executioner]
+  type = Transient
+  solve_type = NEWTON
+
+  petsc_options_iname = '-ksp_type -pc_type -snes_type'
+  petsc_options_value = 'bcgs bjacobi test'
+
+  end_time = 1.0
+[]

modules/combined/test/tests/elastic_thermal_patch/tests

@@ -92,4 +92,10 @@
     difference_tol = 1E10
     requirement = 'The system shall compute thermal strain in conjunction with weak plane stress'
   [../]
+
+  [./ad_elastic_thermal_weak_plane_stress_jacobian]
+    type = 'PetscJacobianTester'
+    input = 'ad_elastic_thermal_weak_plane_stress_jacobian.i'
+    requirement = 'The system shall compute thermal strain in conjunction with AD weak plane stress'
+  [../]
 []

modules/tensor_mechanics/doc/content/source/kernels/ADWeakPlaneStress.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# ADWeakPlaneStress
+
+!syntax description /Kernels/ADWeakPlaneStress
+
+## Description
+
+In 2D plane stress conditions, the out-of-plane stress is zero.  The `ADWeakPlaneStress` kernel
+operates on an out-of-plane strain variable and computes the following residual:
+\begin{equation}
+  \int \phi \; \sigma_{zz} \; \textrm{dV}.
+\end{equation}
+Thus, the out-of-plane stress is driven toward zero but may not be strictly zero everywhere.
+The computed out-of-plane strain may vary at different points on the plane.
+
+For finite deformation models, this kernel should be run on the displaced mesh by setting
+`use_displaced_mesh = true`.
+
+!syntax parameters /Kernels/ADWeakPlaneStress
+
+!syntax inputs /Kernels/ADWeakPlaneStress
+
+!syntax children /Kernels/ADWeakPlaneStress
+
+!bibtex bibliography

modules/tensor_mechanics/doc/content/source/materials/ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain.md

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+# Compute Plane Finite Strain
+
+!syntax description /Materials/ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain
+
+
+## Description
+
+The material `ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain` calculates the finite strain for 2D
+plane strain problems. It can be used for classical
+[plane strain or plane stress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_stress)
+problems, or in
+[Generalized Plane Strain](tensor_mechanics/generalized_plane_strain.md) simulations.
+
+## Out of Plane Strain
+
+In the classical plane strain problem, it is assumed that the front and back
+surfaces of the body are constrained in the out-of-plane direction, and that
+the displacements in that direction on those surfaces are zero. As a
+result, the strain and deformation gradient components in the out-of-plane
+direction are held constant at zero:
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:classical_dop_deform_grad}
+  F|^{dop} = 0 \text{  and  } \epsilon|^{dop} = 0
+\end{equation}
+$F|^{dop}$ is the deformation gradient tensor diagonal component for the
+direction of the out-of-plane strain and $\epsilon|^{dop}$ is the corresponding
+strain component.
+
+### Plane Stress and Generalized Plane Strain
+
+In the cases of the plane stress and generalized plane strain assumptions, the
+component of strain and the deformation gradient in the out-of-plane direction
+is non-zero. To solve for this out-of-plane strain, we invoke the approximation
+of the stretch rate tensor
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:stretch_tensor_approx}
+  \boldsymbol{D} = \log \left( \sqrt{\hat{\boldsymbol{F}}^T \cdot \hat{\boldsymbol{F}}} \right) \cdot \frac{1}{dt}
+\end{equation}
+and define the deformation gradient component in the out-of-plane direction as
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:dop_deform_grad}
+  F|^{dop} = \exp \left( \epsilon|^{op} - 1.0  \right)
+\end{equation}
+where $F|^{dop}$ is the deformation gradient tensor diagonal component for the
+direction of the out-of-plane strain and $\epsilon|^{op}$ is a prescribed
+out-of-plane strain value: this strain value can be given either as a scalar
+variable or a nonlinear field variable.
+
+For the case of plane stress, the [ADWeakPlaneStress](ADWeakPlaneStress.md) kernel
+is used to integrate the out-of-plane component of the stress over the area of
+each element, and assemble that integral to the residual of the out-of-plane
+strain field variable. This results in a weak enforcement of the condition that
+the out-of-plane stress is zero, which allows for re-use of the same constitutive
+models for models of all dimensionality.
+
+The [Generalized Plane Strain](tensor_mechanics/generalized_plane_strain.md)
+problems use scalar variables. Multiple scalar variables can be provided such
+that one strain calculator is needed for multiple generalized plane strain
+models on different subdomains.
+
+
+## Strain and Deformation Gradient Formulation
+
+The incremental deformation gradient for the 2D planar system is defined as
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:incremental_deformation_grad}
+  \hat{\boldsymbol{F}} = \boldsymbol{A} : \bar{\boldsymbol{F}}^{-1} + \boldsymbol{I}
+\end{equation}
+where $\boldsymbol{I}$ is the Rank-2 identity tensor, $\boldsymbol{A}$ is the deformation
+gradient, and $\bar{\boldsymbol{F}}$ is the old deformation gradient.
+
+#### $Z$-Direction of Out-of-Plane Strain (Default)
+
+The default out-of-plane direction is along the $z$-axis. For this direction
+the current and old deformation gradient tensors, used in
+[eqn:incremental_deformation_grad], are given as
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:deform_grads}
+  \boldsymbol{A} = \begin{bmatrix}
+                u_{x,x} & u_{x,y} & 0 \\
+                u_{y,x} & u_{y,y} & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & F|^{dop}
+              \end{bmatrix} + \boldsymbol{I}
+  \qquad \text{  and  } \qquad
+  \bar{\boldsymbol{F}} = \begin{bmatrix}
+                u_{x,x}|_{old} & u_{x,y}|_{old} & 0 \\
+                u_{y,x}|_{old} & u_{y,y}|_{old} & 0 \\
+                0 & 0 & F|^{dop}_{old}
+              \end{bmatrix} + \boldsymbol{I}
+\end{equation}
+where $F|^{dop}$ is defined in [eqn:dop_deform_grad].
+Note that $\bar{\boldsymbol{F}}$ uses the values of the strain expressions from
+the previous time step.
+As in the classical presentation of the strain tensor in plane strain problems,
+the components of the deformation tensor associated with the $z$-direction are
+zero; these zero components indicate no coupling between the in-plane displacements
+and the out-of-plane strain variable.
+
+#### $X$-Direction of Out-of-Plane Strain
+
+If the user selects the out-of-plane direction as along the $x$-direction, the
+current and old deformation gradient tensors from [eqn:incremental_deformation_grad]
+are formulated as
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:deform_grads_xdirs}
+  \boldsymbol{A} = \begin{bmatrix}
+                F|^{dop} & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & u_{y,y} & u_{z,y} \\
+                0 & u_{y,z} & u_{z,z}
+              \end{bmatrix} + \boldsymbol{I}
+  \qquad \text{  and  } \qquad
+  \bar{\boldsymbol{F}} = \begin{bmatrix}
+                F|^{dop}_{old} & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & u_{y,y}|_{old} & u_{y,z}|_{old} \\
+                0 & u_{z,y}|_{old}& u_{z,z}|_{old}
+              \end{bmatrix} + \boldsymbol{I}
+\end{equation}
+so that the off-diagonal components of the deformation tensors associated with
+the $x$-direction are zeros.
+
+#### $Y$-Direction of Out-of-Plane Strain
+
+If the user selects the out-of-plane direction as along the $y$-direction, the
+current and old deformation gradient tensors from [eqn:incremental_deformation_grad]
+are formulated as
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:deform_grads_ydirs}
+  \boldsymbol{A} = \begin{bmatrix}
+                u_{x,x} & 0 & u_{z,x} \\
+                0 & F|^{dop} & 0 \\
+                u_{x,z} & 0 & u_{z,z}
+              \end{bmatrix} + \boldsymbol{I}
+  \qquad \text{  and  } \qquad
+  \bar{\boldsymbol{F}} = \begin{bmatrix}
+                u_{x,x}|_{old} & 0 & u_{x,z}|_{old} \\
+                0 & F|^{dop}_{old} & 0 \\
+                u_{z,x}|_{old} & 0 & u_{z,z}|_{old}
+              \end{bmatrix} + \boldsymbol{I}
+\end{equation}
+so that the off-diagonal components of the deformation tensors associated with
+the $y$-direction are zeros.
+
+
+### Finalized Deformation Gradient
+
+If selected by the user, the incremental deformation gradient is conditioned with
+a $\bar{B}$ formulation to mitigate volumetric locking of the elements.
+The volumetric locking correction is applied to both the incremental deformation
+gradient
+\begin{equation}
+  \label{eqn:vlc_fhat}
+  \hat{\boldsymbol{F}}|_{vlc} = \left( \frac{1}{det(\hat{\boldsymbol{F}})} \frac{\hat{\boldsymbol{F}}_{avg}}{V_{elem}} \right)^{1/3}
+\end{equation}
+and the total deformation gradient. For more details about the theory behind
+[eqn:vlc_fhat] see the
+[Volumetric Locking Correction](/tensor_mechanics/VolumetricLocking.md)
+documentation.
+
+Once the incremental deformation gradient is calculated for the specific 2D geometry,
+the deformation gradient is passed to the strain and rotation methods used by the
+3D Cartesian simulations, as described in the [Finite Strain Class](ADComputeFiniteStrain.md)
+documentation.
+
+## Example Input Files
+
+### Plane Stress
+
+The tensor mechanics [Master action](/Modules/TensorMechanics/Master/index.md)
+can be used to create the `ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain` class by setting
+`planar_formulation = WEAK_PLANE_STRESS` and `strain = FINITE` in the
+`Master` action block.
+
+!listing modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/plane_stress/weak_plane_stress_finite.i block=Modules/TensorMechanics/Master
+
+Note that for plane stress analysis, the `out_of_plane_strain` parameter must be
+defined, and is the name of the out-of-plane strain field variable.
+
+!listing modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/plane_stress/weak_plane_stress_finite.i block=Variables/strain_zz
+
+In the case of this example, `out_of_plane_strain` is defined in the `GlobalParams` block.
+
+### Generalized Plane Strain
+
+The use of this plane strain class for
+[Generalized Plane Strain](tensor_mechanics/generalized_plane_strain.md)
+simulations uses the scalar out-of-plane strains. The tensor mechanics
+[Master action](/Modules/TensorMechanics/Master/index.md) is used to create the
+`ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain` class with the `planar_formulation = GENERALIZED_PLANE_STRAIN`
+and the `strain = FINITE` settings.
+
+!listing modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/generalized_plane_strain/generalized_plane_strain_finite.i block=Modules/TensorMechanics/Master/all
+
+Note that the argument for the `scalar_out_of_plane_strain` parameter is the
+name of the scalar strain variable
+
+!listing modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/generalized_plane_strain/generalized_plane_strain_finite.i block=Variables/scalar_strain_zz
+
+!syntax parameters /Materials/ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain
+
+!syntax inputs /Materials/ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain
+
+!syntax children /Materials/ADComputePlaneFiniteStrain
+
+!bibtex bibliography