MINOR: [CI] Fix ubuntu-lint to not install into system Python #43710
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Rationale for this change
Currently, the
ubuntu-lint
Docker build would install its Python dependencies directly into the system Python, which can fail depending on existing system Python packages.See example here:
https://github.com/apache/arrow/actions/runs/10400929007/job/28802420047?pr=43539 where pip's dependency resolution fails with the following error message:
What changes are included in this PR?
This PR switches to use a virtual environment, guaranteeing that we're not interfering with the system Python and that we're not bound by already installed Python packages.
Are these changes tested?
By CI.
Are there any user-facing changes?
No.