feat(docker,ci): mount .ccache by bind mount instead of cache mount

[youtalk]

Description

• feat(ci): add CPU architecture suffixes to the Docker build cache #4826
• refactor(docker): fix colcon --cmake-args #4828

Up until now, I had been using --mount=type=cache to mount the ccache directory in the Dockerfile, but I found that when the layer cache of the Docker build cache is invalidated, ccache also ends up being empty.
Therefore, by mounting the host's ccache directory using --mount=type=bind, this PR can avoid the impact of the Docker build cache. This ccache directory is saved as a cache in GitHub Actions, allowing it to be reused in subsequent builds.

https://github.com/moby/buildkit/blob/master/frontend/dockerfile/docs/reference.md#run---mount

Tests performed

https://github.com/autowarefoundation/autoware/actions/runs/9396442321

Effects on system behavior

Not applicable.

Interface changes

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