Beaglebone Black
Visit @ http://elinux.org/Beagleboard:BeagleBoneBlack for more component description.
- 65 possible digital I/O pins
- 2 IC Ports
- 8 PWM and 4 timers.
P8 and P9 header can be found here.. @ http://derekmolloy.ie/beaglebone/beaglebone-gpio-programming-on-arm-embedded-linux/
Linux, Android, RTOS, Windows Embedded, no-OS
STEP1: Plug in your Beagle via USB Use the provided USB cable to plug your Beagle into your computer. This will both power the board and provide a development interface. BeagleBone Black will boot Linux from the on-board 2GB eMMC. Either BeagleBone Black or original BeagleBone may also boot from a microSD card. Original BeagleBone is provided with a pre-configured 4GB microSD card.
Note that this interface may not be used to re-configure the microSD card with a new image, but may be used to update the boot parameters using the uEnv.txt file.
You'll see the PWR LED lit steadily. Within 10 seconds, you should see the other LEDs blinking in their default configurations.
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USR0 is configured at boot to blink in a heartbeat pattern - USR1 is configured at boot to light during microSD card accesses
- USR2 is configured at boot to light during CPU activity
- USR3 is configured at boot to light during eMMC accesses
STEP2: Install Drivers Install drivers as provide in web site: http://beagleboard.org/getting-started
STEP1: Download the latest microSD card image
There are a few operating systems you can choose to use on your BeagleBone Black. The following sub-pages include the download location, and some useful information about each operating system you may want to use.
Angstrom, Ubuntu, and Debian all appear to have stable images. To start with, download the latest version of Angstrom for the BeagleBone Black. You can find the latest version at the http://beagleboard.org/latest-images/. The file you download will have an .img.xz extention. This is a compressed sector-by-sector image of the SD card.Once you've downloaded an image for the operating system you're interested in using, you'll need to copy it to a microSD card in order to flash it onto the BeagleBone Black's built-in eMMC flash. It sounds confusing, but it's rather simple.
For windows users: Once you've downloaded the img.xz file, in my case it is titled BBB-eMMC-flasher-2013.05.08.img.xz, you'll need to extract the archive. It will take a minute or two to extract the file, and you should then end up with a 3.66 GB .img file (notice that the .xz is removed from the file extension).Next, download the free Win32 Disk Imagerdownload the free Win32 Disk Imager software that we'll use to copy the image to the microSD card. Launch the Win32 Disk Imager Software by double clicking the "Win32DiskImager" file .
Click the folder icon (arrow pointed to it above), and choose the image file, and click Open:
Next, insert your SD card, and choose the correct "Device" drive letter. You may want to open windows explorer to help figure out which one to choose. Another way is to view the drive letters by clicking the dropdown below "Device", and then inserting your SD card to see which one gets added to the list. Once you've made your selections, click the "Write" button illustrated above, and wait for it to complete writing to your SD Card.
STEP2: Flashing the beaglebone black Now that you have the latest image of Angstrom loaded onto your microSD card slot, you'll need to flash it onto the on-board flash memory of the BeagleBone Black.
To start, make sure the BeagleBone Black is powered down, and unplugged from the power source.
Now, insert the microSD card into the slot on the back of the BeagleBone Black. It should snap into place. Now, find the "User Boot" button. it's located on the same side of the BeagleBone Black as the microSD card slot, and is the only button in that area. See the below screenshot (from beagleboard.org) highlighting the 'User Boot" button.
Hold the "User Boot" button down, and then plug in the power (USB or 5V adaptor). Keep holding down the button until you see the bank of 4 LED's light up for a few seconds. You can now release the button.
It will take anywhere from 30-45 minutes to flash the image onto the on-board
chip. Once it's done, the bank of 4 LED's to the right of the Ethernet will all stay lit up at the same time. You can then power down your BeagleBone Black.
Remove the SD Card, and power up your BeagleBone Black.
For other users and more information visit @ https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromImgFiles
SSH to Beaglebone Black over USB
Before we connect using SSH, lets just test that the connection is active by trying to connect to the BBB with a browser.
The BBB will have an IP address, so using Chrome or Firefox (not Internet Explorer) connect to the URL http://192.168.7[http://192.168.7.2](http://192.168.7.2).2
You should see a helpful introductory web page served by the BeagleBoard itself.
If you are a Windows user, then you will need to download Putty from here:http://www.putty.org/. run the program.
Enter the IP address 192.168.7.2 and click ‘Connect’. You will then get a security warning: after which you will receive the login prompt. Log in with a username of ‘root’ and no password (just hit return).
If you've used the the image to flash Ubuntu to the eMMC, the default username for Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail) is "ubuntu". The default password is 'temppwd'. Ubuntu does not come with the avahi daemon pre-installed, so you'll need to ssh in using the IP address using your favorite terminal:
ssh ubuntu@192.168.7.2 or with ssh –x
SSH on ububtu
Do with command line.
###Device Tree Overlays GPIO stands for general purpose input output. Beaglebone black has 4 banks of 32 gpio's. Some of which are already allocated. Rest can be allocated for input or output. Refer to the video by derek molloy regarding the process of making changes using the terminal.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wui_wU1AeQc
Device tree is a data structure for describing hardware. The device tree description on beaglebone black is a .dts file which is compiled to form a .dtbo file, which needs to be moved to /lib/firmware. The two tables there about all the pins are quite useful. One should carefully try to go through them. In the Beagle bone System Reference Manual the control pin register field description is provided in the order of writing the device tree overlay is given. We use the binary code for 7 to enable the gpio configuration (in the given pin) in the last three registers.
The two environment variables can be set as (mainly as an alias for the long address)
export SLOTS =/sys/devices/bone_capemgr.9/slot
export PINS=/sys/kernel/debug/pinctrl/48e10800.pinmux/pins
48e10800 is the offset of the pin you want to change the device tree overlay. Use the build commaand to compile the .dts file. The echo command is used then to run the complied file
echo $SLOTS
Now once the device tree overlay are changed we can work upon running the commands on the pins actually. With the circuit setting in the video we can easily set the input output configuration of the pins.
cd /sys/class/gpio
echo 60 > export
Then in the gpio60 folder change the respective values to see the effect. the 'cat' command is used see the value and 'echo' to change. Later you can unexport the gpio60 from the directory.