util.h

// Copyright (c) 2017-2019 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#ifndef BITCOIN_RPC_UTIL_H
#define BITCOIN_RPC_UTIL_H

#include <node/transaction.h>
#include <outputtype.h>
#include <protocol.h>
#include <pubkey.h>
#include <rpc/protocol.h>
#include <rpc/request.h>
#include <script/script.h>
#include <script/sign.h>
#include <script/standard.h>
#include <univalue.h>
#include <util/check.h>

#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include <boost/variant.hpp>

class FillableSigningProvider;
class CPubKey;
class CScript;
struct NodeContext;

//! Pointers to interfaces that need to be accessible from RPC methods. Due to
//! limitations of the RPC framework, there's currently no direct way to pass in
//! state to RPC method implementations.
extern NodeContext* g_rpc_node;

/** Wrapper for UniValue::VType, which includes typeAny:
 * Used to denote don't care type. */
struct UniValueType {
    UniValueType(UniValue::VType _type) : typeAny(false), type(_type) {}
    UniValueType() : typeAny(true) {}
    bool typeAny;
    UniValue::VType type;
};

/**
 * Type-check arguments; throws JSONRPCError if wrong type given. Does not check that
 * the right number of arguments are passed, just that any passed are the correct type.
 */
void RPCTypeCheck(const UniValue& params,
                  const std::list<UniValueType>& typesExpected, bool fAllowNull=false);

/**
 * Type-check one argument; throws JSONRPCError if wrong type given.
 */
void RPCTypeCheckArgument(const UniValue& value, const UniValueType& typeExpected);

/*
  Check for expected keys/value types in an Object.
*/
void RPCTypeCheckObj(const UniValue& o,
    const std::map<std::string, UniValueType>& typesExpected,
    bool fAllowNull = false,
    bool fStrict = false);

/**
 * Utilities: convert hex-encoded Values
 * (throws error if not hex).
 */
extern uint256 ParseHashV(const UniValue& v, std::string strName);
extern uint256 ParseHashO(const UniValue& o, std::string strKey);
extern std::vector<unsigned char> ParseHexV(const UniValue& v, std::string strName);
extern std::vector<unsigned char> ParseHexO(const UniValue& o, std::string strKey);

extern CAmount AmountFromValue(const UniValue& value);
extern std::string HelpExampleCli(const std::string& methodname, const std::string& args);
extern std::string HelpExampleRpc(const std::string& methodname, const std::string& args);

CPubKey HexToPubKey(const std::string& hex_in);
CPubKey AddrToPubKey(FillableSigningProvider* const keystore, const std::string& addr_in);
CTxDestination AddAndGetMultisigDestination(const int required, const std::vector<CPubKey>& pubkeys, OutputType type, FillableSigningProvider& keystore, CScript& script_out);

UniValue DescribeAddress(const CTxDestination& dest);

//! Parse a confirm target option and raise an RPC error if it is invalid.
unsigned int ParseConfirmTarget(const UniValue& value, unsigned int max_target);

RPCErrorCode RPCErrorFromTransactionError(TransactionError terr);
UniValue JSONRPCTransactionError(TransactionError terr, const std::string& err_string = "");

//! Parse a JSON range specified as int64, or [int64, int64]
std::pair<int64_t, int64_t> ParseDescriptorRange(const UniValue& value);

/** Evaluate a descriptor given as a string, or as a {"desc":...,"range":...} object, with default range of 1000. */
std::vector<CScript> EvalDescriptorStringOrObject(const UniValue& scanobject, FlatSigningProvider& provider);

/** Returns, given services flags, a list of humanly readable (known) network services */
UniValue GetServicesNames(ServiceFlags services);

struct RPCArg {
    enum class Type {
        OBJ,
        ARR,
        STR,
        NUM,
        BOOL,
        OBJ_USER_KEYS, //!< Special type where the user must set the keys e.g. to define multiple addresses; as opposed to e.g. an options object where the keys are predefined
        AMOUNT,        //!< Special type representing a floating point amount (can be either NUM or STR)
        STR_HEX,       //!< Special type that is a STR with only hex chars
        RANGE,         //!< Special type that is a NUM or [NUM,NUM]
    };

    enum class Optional {
        /** Required arg */
        NO,
        /**
         * Optional arg that is a named argument and has a default value of
         * `null`. When possible, the default value should be specified.
         */
        OMITTED_NAMED_ARG,
        /**
         * Optional argument with default value omitted because they are
         * implicitly clear. That is, elements in an array or object may not
         * exist by default.
         * When possible, the default value should be specified.
         */
        OMITTED,
    };
    using Fallback = boost::variant<Optional, /* default value for optional args */ std::string>;
    const std::string m_name; //!< The name of the arg (can be empty for inner args)
    const Type m_type;
    const std::vector<RPCArg> m_inner; //!< Only used for arrays or dicts
    const Fallback m_fallback;
    const std::string m_description;
    const std::string m_oneline_description; //!< Should be empty unless it is supposed to override the auto-generated summary line
    const std::vector<std::string> m_type_str; //!< Should be empty unless it is supposed to override the auto-generated type strings. Vector length is either 0 or 2, m_type_str.at(0) will override the type of the value in a key-value pair, m_type_str.at(1) will override the type in the argument description.

    RPCArg(
        const std::string& name,
        const Type& type,
        const Fallback& fallback,
        const std::string& description,
        const std::string& oneline_description = "",
        const std::vector<std::string>& type_str = {})
        : m_name{name},
          m_type{type},
          m_fallback{fallback},
          m_description{description},
          m_oneline_description{oneline_description},
          m_type_str{type_str}
    {
        CHECK_NONFATAL(type != Type::ARR && type != Type::OBJ);
    }

    RPCArg(
        const std::string& name,
        const Type& type,
        const Fallback& fallback,
        const std::string& description,
        const std::vector<RPCArg>& inner,
        const std::string& oneline_description = "",
        const std::vector<std::string>& type_str = {})
        : m_name{name},
          m_type{type},
          m_inner{inner},
          m_fallback{fallback},
          m_description{description},
          m_oneline_description{oneline_description},
          m_type_str{type_str}
    {
        CHECK_NONFATAL(type == Type::ARR || type == Type::OBJ);
    }

    bool IsOptional() const;

    /**
     * Return the type string of the argument.
     * Set oneline to allow it to be overridden by a custom oneline type string (m_oneline_description).
     */
    std::string ToString(bool oneline) const;
    /**
     * Return the type string of the argument when it is in an object (dict).
     * Set oneline to get the oneline representation (less whitespace)
     */
    std::string ToStringObj(bool oneline) const;
    /**
     * Return the description string, including the argument type and whether
     * the argument is required.
     */
    std::string ToDescriptionString() const;
};

struct RPCResult {
    const std::string m_cond;
    const std::string m_result;

    explicit RPCResult(std::string result)
        : m_cond{}, m_result{std::move(result)}
    {
        CHECK_NONFATAL(!m_result.empty());
    }

    RPCResult(std::string cond, std::string result)
        : m_cond{std::move(cond)}, m_result{std::move(result)}
    {
        CHECK_NONFATAL(!m_cond.empty());
        CHECK_NONFATAL(!m_result.empty());
    }
};

struct RPCResults {
    const std::vector<RPCResult> m_results;

    RPCResults()
        : m_results{}
    {
    }

    RPCResults(RPCResult result)
        : m_results{{result}}
    {
    }

    RPCResults(std::initializer_list<RPCResult> results)
        : m_results{results}
    {
    }

    /**
     * Return the description string.
     */
    std::string ToDescriptionString() const;
};

struct RPCExamples {
    const std::string m_examples;
    explicit RPCExamples(
        std::string examples)
        : m_examples(std::move(examples))
    {
    }
    std::string ToDescriptionString() const;
};

class RPCHelpMan
{
public:
    RPCHelpMan(std::string name, std::string description, std::vector<RPCArg> args, RPCResults results, RPCExamples examples);

    std::string ToString() const;
    /** If the supplied number of args is neither too small nor too high */
    bool IsValidNumArgs(size_t num_args) const;
    /**
     * Check if the given request is valid according to this command or if
     * the user is asking for help information, and throw help when appropriate.
     */
    inline void Check(const JSONRPCRequest& request) const {
        if (request.fHelp || !IsValidNumArgs(request.params.size())) {
            throw std::runtime_error(ToString());
        }
    }

private:
    const std::string m_name;
    const std::string m_description;
    const std::vector<RPCArg> m_args;
    const RPCResults m_results;
    const RPCExamples m_examples;
};

#endif // BITCOIN_RPC_UTIL_H