rpc.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
// file license.txt or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include "headers.h"
#include "cryptopp/sha.h"
#undef printf
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/concepts.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/stream.hpp>
#ifdef USE_SSL
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp> 
typedef boost::asio::ssl::stream<boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket> SSLStream;
#endif
#include "json/json_spirit_reader_template.h"
#include "json/json_spirit_writer_template.h"
#include "json/json_spirit_utils.h"
#define printf OutputDebugStringF
// MinGW 3.4.5 gets "fatal error: had to relocate PCH" if the json headers are
// precompiled in headers.h.  The problem might be when the pch file goes over
// a certain size around 145MB.  If we need access to json_spirit outside this
// file, we could use the compiled json_spirit option.

using namespace boost::asio;
using namespace json_spirit;

void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg);
typedef Value(*rpcfn_type)(const Array& params, bool fHelp);
extern map<string, rpcfn_type> mapCallTable;


Object JSONRPCError(int code, const string& message)
{
    Object error;
    error.push_back(Pair("code", code));
    error.push_back(Pair("message", message));
    return error;
}


void PrintConsole(const char* format, ...)
{
    char buffer[50000];
    int limit = sizeof(buffer);
    va_list arg_ptr;
    va_start(arg_ptr, format);
    int ret = _vsnprintf(buffer, limit, format, arg_ptr);
    va_end(arg_ptr);
    if (ret < 0 || ret >= limit)
    {
        ret = limit - 1;
        buffer[limit-1] = 0;
    }
    printf("%s", buffer);
#if defined(__WXMSW__) && defined(GUI)
    MyMessageBox(buffer, "Bitcoin", wxOK | wxICON_EXCLAMATION);
#else
    fprintf(stdout, "%s", buffer);
#endif
}


int64 AmountFromValue(const Value& value)
{
    double dAmount = value.get_real();
    if (dAmount <= 0.0 || dAmount > 21000000.0)
        throw JSONRPCError(-3, "Invalid amount");
    int64 nAmount = roundint64(dAmount * 100.00) * CENT;
    if (!MoneyRange(nAmount))
        throw JSONRPCError(-3, "Invalid amount");
    return nAmount;
}

Value ValueFromAmount(int64 amount)
{
    return (double)amount / (double)COIN;
}

void WalletTxToJSON(const CWalletTx& wtx, Object& entry)
{
    entry.push_back(Pair("confirmations", wtx.GetDepthInMainChain()));
    entry.push_back(Pair("txid", wtx.GetHash().GetHex()));
    entry.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)wtx.GetTxTime()));
    foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string,string)& item, wtx.mapValue)
        entry.push_back(Pair(item.first, item.second));
}

string AccountFromValue(const Value& value)
{
    string strAccount = value.get_str();
    if (strAccount == "*")
        throw JSONRPCError(-11, "Invalid account name");
    return strAccount;
}



///
/// Note: This interface may still be subject to change.
///


Value help(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() > 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "help [command]\n"
            "List commands, or get help for a command.");

    string strCommand;
    if (params.size() > 0)
        strCommand = params[0].get_str();

    string strRet;
    set<rpcfn_type> setDone;
    for (map<string, rpcfn_type>::iterator mi = mapCallTable.begin(); mi != mapCallTable.end(); ++mi)
    {
        string strMethod = (*mi).first;
        // We already filter duplicates, but these deprecated screw up the sort order
        if (strMethod == "getamountreceived" ||
            strMethod == "getallreceived" ||
            (strMethod.find("label") != string::npos))
            continue;
        if (strCommand != "" && strMethod != strCommand)
            continue;
        try
        {
            Array params;
            rpcfn_type pfn = (*mi).second;
            if (setDone.insert(pfn).second)
                (*pfn)(params, true);
        }
        catch (std::exception& e)
        {
            // Help text is returned in an exception
            string strHelp = string(e.what());
            if (strCommand == "")
                if (strHelp.find('\n') != -1)
                    strHelp = strHelp.substr(0, strHelp.find('\n'));
            strRet += strHelp + "\n";
        }
    }
    if (strRet == "")
        strRet = strprintf("help: unknown command: %s\n", strCommand.c_str());
    strRet = strRet.substr(0,strRet.size()-1);
    return strRet;
}


Value stop(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "stop\n"
            "Stop bitcoin server.");

    // Shutdown will take long enough that the response should get back
    CreateThread(Shutdown, NULL);
    return "bitcoin server stopping";
}


Value getblockcount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getblockcount\n"
            "Returns the number of blocks in the longest block chain.");

    return nBestHeight;
}


Value getblocknumber(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getblocknumber\n"
            "Returns the block number of the latest block in the longest block chain.");

    return nBestHeight;
}


Value getconnectioncount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getconnectioncount\n"
            "Returns the number of connections to other nodes.");

    return (int)vNodes.size();
}


double GetDifficulty()
{
    // Floating point number that is a multiple of the minimum difficulty,
    // minimum difficulty = 1.0.
    if (pindexBest == NULL)
        return 1.0;
    int nShift = 256 - 32 - 31; // to fit in a uint
    double dMinimum = (CBigNum().SetCompact(bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact()) >> nShift).getuint();
    double dCurrently = (CBigNum().SetCompact(pindexBest->nBits) >> nShift).getuint();
    return dMinimum / dCurrently;
}

Value getdifficulty(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getdifficulty\n"
            "Returns the proof-of-work difficulty as a multiple of the minimum difficulty.");

    return GetDifficulty();
}


Value getgenerate(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getgenerate\n"
            "Returns true or false.");

    return (bool)fGenerateBitcoins;
}


Value setgenerate(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 1 || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "setgenerate <generate> [genproclimit]\n"
            "<generate> is true or false to turn generation on or off.\n"
            "Generation is limited to [genproclimit] processors, -1 is unlimited.");

    bool fGenerate = true;
    if (params.size() > 0)
        fGenerate = params[0].get_bool();

    if (params.size() > 1)
    {
        int nGenProcLimit = params[1].get_int();
        fLimitProcessors = (nGenProcLimit != -1);
        CWalletDB().WriteSetting("fLimitProcessors", fLimitProcessors);
        if (nGenProcLimit != -1)
            CWalletDB().WriteSetting("nLimitProcessors", nLimitProcessors = nGenProcLimit);
        if (nGenProcLimit == 0)
            fGenerate = false;
    }

    GenerateBitcoins(fGenerate);
    return Value::null;
}


Value gethashespersec(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "gethashespersec\n"
            "Returns a recent hashes per second performance measurement while generating.");

    if (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart > 8000)
        return (boost::int64_t)0;
    return (boost::int64_t)dHashesPerSec;
}


Value getinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getinfo\n"
            "Returns an object containing various state info.");

    Object obj;
    obj.push_back(Pair("version",       (int)VERSION));
    obj.push_back(Pair("balance",       (double)GetBalance() / (double)COIN));
    obj.push_back(Pair("blocks",        (int)nBestHeight));
    obj.push_back(Pair("connections",   (int)vNodes.size()));
    obj.push_back(Pair("proxy",         (fUseProxy ? addrProxy.ToStringIPPort() : string())));
    obj.push_back(Pair("generate",      (bool)fGenerateBitcoins));
    obj.push_back(Pair("genproclimit",  (int)(fLimitProcessors ? nLimitProcessors : -1)));
    obj.push_back(Pair("difficulty",    (double)GetDifficulty()));
    obj.push_back(Pair("hashespersec",  gethashespersec(params, false)));
    obj.push_back(Pair("testnet",       fTestNet));
    obj.push_back(Pair("keypoololdest", (boost::int64_t)GetOldestKeyPoolTime()));
    obj.push_back(Pair("paytxfee",      (double)nTransactionFee / (double)COIN));
    obj.push_back(Pair("errors",        GetWarnings("statusbar")));
    return obj;
}


Value getnewaddress(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() > 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getnewaddress [account]\n"
            "Returns a new bitcoin address for receiving payments.  "
            "If [account] is specified (recommended), it is added to the address book "
            "so payments received with the address will be credited to [account].");

    // Parse the account first so we don't generate a key if there's an error
    string strAccount;
    if (params.size() > 0)
        strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[0]);

    // Generate a new key that is added to wallet
    string strAddress = PubKeyToAddress(GetKeyFromKeyPool());

    SetAddressBookName(strAddress, strAccount);
    return strAddress;
}


Value getaccountaddress(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getaccountaddress <account>\n"
            "Returns the current bitcoin address for receiving payments to this account.");

    // Parse the account first so we don't generate a key if there's an error
    string strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[0]);

    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        CWalletDB walletdb;
        walletdb.TxnBegin();

        CAccount account;
        walletdb.ReadAccount(strAccount, account);

        // Check if the current key has been used
        if (!account.vchPubKey.empty())
        {
            CScript scriptPubKey;
            scriptPubKey.SetBitcoinAddress(account.vchPubKey);
            for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin();
                 it != mapWallet.end() && !account.vchPubKey.empty();
                 ++it)
            {
                const CWalletTx& wtx = (*it).second;
                foreach(const CTxOut& txout, wtx.vout)
                    if (txout.scriptPubKey == scriptPubKey)
                        account.vchPubKey.clear();
            }
        }

        // Generate a new key
        if (account.vchPubKey.empty())
        {
            account.vchPubKey = GetKeyFromKeyPool();
            string strAddress = PubKeyToAddress(account.vchPubKey);
            SetAddressBookName(strAddress, strAccount);
            walletdb.WriteAccount(strAccount, account);
        }

        walletdb.TxnCommit();
        return PubKeyToAddress(account.vchPubKey);
    }
}


Value setaccount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 1 || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "setaccount <bitcoinaddress> <account>\n"
            "Sets the account associated with the given address.");

    string strAddress = params[0].get_str();
    string strAccount;
    if (params.size() > 1)
        strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[1]);

    SetAddressBookName(strAddress, strAccount);
    return Value::null;
}


Value getaccount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getaccount <bitcoinaddress>\n"
            "Returns the account associated with the given address.");

    string strAddress = params[0].get_str();

    string strAccount;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapAddressBook)
    {
        map<string, string>::iterator mi = mapAddressBook.find(strAddress);
        if (mi != mapAddressBook.end() && !(*mi).second.empty())
            strAccount = (*mi).second;
    }
    return strAccount;
}


Value getaddressesbyaccount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getaddressesbyaccount <account>\n"
            "Returns the list of addresses for the given account.");

    string strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[0]);

    // Find all addresses that have the given account
    Array ret;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapAddressBook)
    {
        foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, string)& item, mapAddressBook)
        {
            const string& strAddress = item.first;
            const string& strName = item.second;
            if (strName == strAccount)
            {
                // We're only adding valid bitcoin addresses and not ip addresses
                CScript scriptPubKey;
                if (scriptPubKey.SetBitcoinAddress(strAddress))
                    ret.push_back(strAddress);
            }
        }
    }
    return ret;
}

Value sendtoaddress(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 2 || params.size() > 4)
        throw runtime_error(
            "sendtoaddress <bitcoinaddress> <amount> [comment] [comment-to]\n"
            "<amount> is a real and is rounded to the nearest 0.01");

    string strAddress = params[0].get_str();

    // Amount
    int64 nAmount = AmountFromValue(params[1]);

    // Wallet comments
    CWalletTx wtx;
    if (params.size() > 2 && params[2].type() != null_type && !params[2].get_str().empty())
        wtx.mapValue["comment"] = params[2].get_str();
    if (params.size() > 3 && params[3].type() != null_type && !params[3].get_str().empty())
        wtx.mapValue["to"]      = params[3].get_str();

    string strError = SendMoneyToBitcoinAddress(strAddress, nAmount, wtx);
    if (strError != "")
        throw JSONRPCError(-4, strError);
    return wtx.GetHash().GetHex();
}


Value getreceivedbyaddress(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 1 || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getreceivedbyaddress <bitcoinaddress> [minconf=1]\n"
            "Returns the total amount received by <bitcoinaddress> in transactions with at least [minconf] confirmations.");

    // Bitcoin address
    string strAddress = params[0].get_str();
    CScript scriptPubKey;
    if (!scriptPubKey.SetBitcoinAddress(strAddress))
        throw JSONRPCError(-5, "Invalid bitcoin address");
    if (!IsMine(scriptPubKey))
        return (double)0.0;

    // Minimum confirmations
    int nMinDepth = 1;
    if (params.size() > 1)
        nMinDepth = params[1].get_int();

    // Tally
    int64 nAmount = 0;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
        {
            const CWalletTx& wtx = (*it).second;
            if (wtx.IsCoinBase() || !wtx.IsFinal())
                continue;

            foreach(const CTxOut& txout, wtx.vout)
                if (txout.scriptPubKey == scriptPubKey)
                    if (wtx.GetDepthInMainChain() >= nMinDepth)
                        nAmount += txout.nValue;
        }
    }

    return (double)nAmount / (double)COIN;
}


void GetAccountPubKeys(string strAccount, set<CScript>& setPubKey)
{
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapAddressBook)
    {
        foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, string)& item, mapAddressBook)
        {
            const string& strAddress = item.first;
            const string& strName = item.second;
            if (strName == strAccount)
            {
                // We're only counting our own valid bitcoin addresses and not ip addresses
                CScript scriptPubKey;
                if (scriptPubKey.SetBitcoinAddress(strAddress))
                    if (IsMine(scriptPubKey))
                        setPubKey.insert(scriptPubKey);
            }
        }
    }
}


Value getreceivedbyaccount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 1 || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getreceivedbyaccount <account> [minconf=1]\n"
            "Returns the total amount received by addresses with <account> in transactions with at least [minconf] confirmations.");

    // Minimum confirmations
    int nMinDepth = 1;
    if (params.size() > 1)
        nMinDepth = params[1].get_int();

    // Get the set of pub keys that have the label
    string strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[0]);
    set<CScript> setPubKey;
    GetAccountPubKeys(strAccount, setPubKey);

    // Tally
    int64 nAmount = 0;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
        {
            const CWalletTx& wtx = (*it).second;
            if (wtx.IsCoinBase() || !wtx.IsFinal())
                continue;

            foreach(const CTxOut& txout, wtx.vout)
                if (setPubKey.count(txout.scriptPubKey))
                    if (wtx.GetDepthInMainChain() >= nMinDepth)
                        nAmount += txout.nValue;
        }
    }

    return (double)nAmount / (double)COIN;
}


int64 GetAccountBalance(CWalletDB& walletdb, const string& strAccount, int nMinDepth)
{
    int64 nBalance = 0;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        // Tally wallet transactions
        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
        {
            const CWalletTx& wtx = (*it).second;
            if (!wtx.IsFinal())
                continue;

            int64 nGenerated, nReceived, nSent, nFee;
            wtx.GetAccountAmounts(strAccount, nGenerated, nReceived, nSent, nFee);

            if (nReceived != 0 && wtx.GetDepthInMainChain() >= nMinDepth)
                nBalance += nReceived;
            nBalance += nGenerated - nSent - nFee;
        }

        // Tally internal accounting entries
        nBalance += walletdb.GetAccountCreditDebit(strAccount);
    }

    return nBalance;
}

int64 GetAccountBalance(const string& strAccount, int nMinDepth)
{
    CWalletDB walletdb;
    return GetAccountBalance(walletdb, strAccount, nMinDepth);
}


Value getbalance(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 0 || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getbalance [account] [minconf=1]\n"
            "If [account] is not specified, returns the server's total available balance.\n"
            "If [account] is specified, returns the balance in the account.");

    if (params.size() == 0)
        return ((double)GetBalance() / (double)COIN);

    string strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[0]);
    int nMinDepth = 1;
    if (params.size() > 1)
        nMinDepth = params[1].get_int();

    int64 nBalance = GetAccountBalance(strAccount, nMinDepth);

    return (double)nBalance / (double)COIN;
}


Value movecmd(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 3 || params.size() > 5)
        throw runtime_error(
            "move <fromaccount> <toaccount> <amount> [minconf=1] [comment]\n"
            "Move from one account in your wallet to another.");

    string strFrom = AccountFromValue(params[0]);
    string strTo = AccountFromValue(params[1]);
    int64 nAmount = AmountFromValue(params[2]);
    int nMinDepth = 1;
    if (params.size() > 3)
        nMinDepth = params[3].get_int();
    string strComment;
    if (params.size() > 4)
        strComment = params[4].get_str();

    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        CWalletDB walletdb;
        walletdb.TxnBegin();

        // Check funds
        if (!strFrom.empty())
        {
            int64 nBalance = GetAccountBalance(walletdb, strFrom, nMinDepth);
            if (nAmount > nBalance)
                throw JSONRPCError(-6, "Account has insufficient funds");
        }
        else
        {
            // move from "" account special case
            int64 nBalance = GetAccountBalance(walletdb, strTo, nMinDepth);
            if (nAmount > GetBalance() - nBalance)
                throw JSONRPCError(-6, "Account has insufficient funds");
        }

        int64 nNow = GetAdjustedTime();

        // Debit
        CAccountingEntry debit;
        debit.strAccount = strFrom;
        debit.nCreditDebit = -nAmount;
        debit.nTime = nNow;
        debit.strOtherAccount = strTo;
        debit.strComment = strComment;
        walletdb.WriteAccountingEntry(debit);

        // Credit
        CAccountingEntry credit;
        credit.strAccount = strTo;
        credit.nCreditDebit = nAmount;
        credit.nTime = nNow;
        credit.strOtherAccount = strFrom;
        credit.strComment = strComment;
        walletdb.WriteAccountingEntry(credit);

        walletdb.TxnCommit();
    }
    return true;
}


Value sendfrom(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() < 3 || params.size() > 6)
        throw runtime_error(
            "sendfrom <fromaccount> <tobitcoinaddress> <amount> [minconf=1] [comment] [comment-to]\n"
            "<amount> is a real and is rounded to the nearest 0.01");

    string strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[0]);
    string strAddress = params[1].get_str();
    int64 nAmount = AmountFromValue(params[2]);
    int nMinDepth = 1;
    if (params.size() > 3)
        nMinDepth = params[3].get_int();

    CWalletTx wtx;
    wtx.strFromAccount = strAccount;
    if (params.size() > 4 && params[4].type() != null_type && !params[4].get_str().empty())
        wtx.mapValue["comment"] = params[4].get_str();
    if (params.size() > 5 && params[5].type() != null_type && !params[5].get_str().empty())
        wtx.mapValue["to"]      = params[5].get_str();

    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        // Check funds
        int64 nBalance = GetAccountBalance(strAccount, nMinDepth);
        if (nAmount > nBalance)
            throw JSONRPCError(-6, "Account has insufficient funds");

        // Send
        string strError = SendMoneyToBitcoinAddress(strAddress, nAmount, wtx);
        if (strError != "")
            throw JSONRPCError(-4, strError);
    }

    return wtx.GetHash().GetHex();
}



struct tallyitem
{
    int64 nAmount;
    int nConf;
    tallyitem()
    {
        nAmount = 0;
        nConf = INT_MAX;
    }
};

Value ListReceived(const Array& params, bool fByAccounts)
{
    // Minimum confirmations
    int nMinDepth = 1;
    if (params.size() > 0)
        nMinDepth = params[0].get_int();

    // Whether to include empty accounts
    bool fIncludeEmpty = false;
    if (params.size() > 1)
        fIncludeEmpty = params[1].get_bool();

    // Tally
    map<uint160, tallyitem> mapTally;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
        {
            const CWalletTx& wtx = (*it).second;
            if (wtx.IsCoinBase() || !wtx.IsFinal())
                continue;

            int nDepth = wtx.GetDepthInMainChain();
            if (nDepth < nMinDepth)
                continue;

            foreach(const CTxOut& txout, wtx.vout)
            {
                // Only counting our own bitcoin addresses and not ip addresses
                uint160 hash160 = txout.scriptPubKey.GetBitcoinAddressHash160();
                if (hash160 == 0 || !mapPubKeys.count(hash160)) // IsMine
                    continue;

                tallyitem& item = mapTally[hash160];
                item.nAmount += txout.nValue;
                item.nConf = min(item.nConf, nDepth);
            }
        }
    }

    // Reply
    Array ret;
    map<string, tallyitem> mapAccountTally;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapAddressBook)
    {
        foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, string)& item, mapAddressBook)
        {
            const string& strAddress = item.first;
            const string& strAccount = item.second;
            uint160 hash160;
            if (!AddressToHash160(strAddress, hash160))
                continue;
            map<uint160, tallyitem>::iterator it = mapTally.find(hash160);
            if (it == mapTally.end() && !fIncludeEmpty)
                continue;

            int64 nAmount = 0;
            int nConf = INT_MAX;
            if (it != mapTally.end())
            {
                nAmount = (*it).second.nAmount;
                nConf = (*it).second.nConf;
            }

            if (fByAccounts)
            {
                tallyitem& item = mapAccountTally[strAccount];
                item.nAmount += nAmount;
                item.nConf = min(item.nConf, nConf);
            }
            else
            {
                Object obj;
                obj.push_back(Pair("address",       strAddress));
                obj.push_back(Pair("account",       strAccount));
                obj.push_back(Pair("label",         strAccount)); // deprecated
                obj.push_back(Pair("amount",        (double)nAmount / (double)COIN));
                obj.push_back(Pair("confirmations", (nConf == INT_MAX ? 0 : nConf)));
                ret.push_back(obj);
            }
        }
    }

    if (fByAccounts)
    {
        for (map<string, tallyitem>::iterator it = mapAccountTally.begin(); it != mapAccountTally.end(); ++it)
        {
            int64 nAmount = (*it).second.nAmount;
            int nConf = (*it).second.nConf;
            Object obj;
            obj.push_back(Pair("account",       (*it).first));
            obj.push_back(Pair("label",         (*it).first)); // deprecated
            obj.push_back(Pair("amount",        (double)nAmount / (double)COIN));
            obj.push_back(Pair("confirmations", (nConf == INT_MAX ? 0 : nConf)));
            ret.push_back(obj);
        }
    }

    return ret;
}

Value listreceivedbyaddress(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "listreceivedbyaddress [minconf=1] [includeempty=false]\n"
            "[minconf] is the minimum number of confirmations before payments are included.\n"
            "[includeempty] whether to include addresses that haven't received any payments.\n"
            "Returns an array of objects containing:\n"
            "  \"address\" : receiving address\n"
            "  \"account\" : the account of the receiving address\n"
            "  \"amount\" : total amount received by the address\n"
            "  \"confirmations\" : number of confirmations of the most recent transaction included");

    return ListReceived(params, false);
}

Value listreceivedbyaccount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "listreceivedbyaccount [minconf=1] [includeempty=false]\n"
            "[minconf] is the minimum number of confirmations before payments are included.\n"
            "[includeempty] whether to include accounts that haven't received any payments.\n"
            "Returns an array of objects containing:\n"
            "  \"account\" : the account of the receiving addresses\n"
            "  \"amount\" : total amount received by addresses with this account\n"
            "  \"confirmations\" : number of confirmations of the most recent transaction included");

    return ListReceived(params, true);
}

void ListTransactions(const CWalletTx& wtx, const string& strAccount, int nMinDepth, Array& ret)
{
    int64 nGenerated, nSent, nFee;
    string strSentAccount;
    list<pair<string, int64> > listReceived;
    wtx.GetAmounts(nGenerated, listReceived, nSent, nFee, strSentAccount);

    bool fAllAccounts = (strAccount == string("*"));

    // Generated blocks assigned to account ""
    if (nGenerated != 0 && (fAllAccounts || strAccount == ""))
    {
        Object entry;
        entry.push_back(Pair("account", string("")));
        entry.push_back(Pair("category", "generate"));
        entry.push_back(Pair("amount", ValueFromAmount(nGenerated)));
        WalletTxToJSON(wtx, entry);
        ret.push_back(entry);
    }

    // Sent
    if ((nSent != 0 || nFee != 0) && (fAllAccounts || strAccount == strSentAccount))
    {
        Object entry;
        entry.push_back(Pair("account", strSentAccount));
        entry.push_back(Pair("category", "send"));
        entry.push_back(Pair("amount", ValueFromAmount(-nSent)));
        entry.push_back(Pair("fee", ValueFromAmount(-nFee)));
        WalletTxToJSON(wtx, entry);
        ret.push_back(entry);
    }

    // Received
    if (listReceived.size() > 0 && wtx.GetDepthInMainChain() >= nMinDepth)
        CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapAddressBook)
        {
            foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, int64)& r, listReceived)
                if (mapAddressBook.count(r.first) && (fAllAccounts || mapAddressBook[r.first] == strAccount))
                {
                    Object entry;
                    entry.push_back(Pair("account", mapAddressBook[r.first]));
                    entry.push_back(Pair("category", "receive"));
                    entry.push_back(Pair("amount", ValueFromAmount(r.second)));
                    WalletTxToJSON(wtx, entry);
                    ret.push_back(entry);
                }
        }

}

void AcentryToJSON(const CAccountingEntry& acentry, const string& strAccount, Array& ret)
{
    bool fAllAccounts = (strAccount == string("*"));

    if (fAllAccounts || acentry.strAccount == strAccount)
    {
        Object entry;
        entry.push_back(Pair("account", acentry.strAccount));
        entry.push_back(Pair("category", "move"));
        entry.push_back(Pair("amount", ValueFromAmount(acentry.nCreditDebit)));
        entry.push_back(Pair("otheraccount", acentry.strOtherAccount));
        entry.push_back(Pair("comment", acentry.strComment));
        ret.push_back(entry);
    }
}

Value listtransactions(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() > 2)
        throw runtime_error(
            "listtransactions [account] [count=10]\n"
            "Returns up to [count] most recent transactions for account <account>.");

    string strAccount = "*";
    if (params.size() > 0)
        strAccount = params[0].get_str();
    int nCount = 10;
    if (params.size() > 1)
        nCount = params[1].get_int();

    Array ret;
    CWalletDB walletdb;

    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        // Firs: get all CWalletTx and CAccountingEntry into a sorted-by-time multimap:
        typedef pair<CWalletTx*, CAccountingEntry*> TxPair;
        typedef multimap<int64, TxPair > TxItems;
        TxItems txByTime;

        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
        {
            CWalletTx* wtx = &((*it).second);
            txByTime.insert(make_pair(wtx->GetTxTime(), TxPair(wtx, 0)));
        }
        list<CAccountingEntry> acentries;
        walletdb.ListAccountCreditDebit(strAccount, acentries);
        foreach(CAccountingEntry& entry, acentries)
        {
            txByTime.insert(make_pair(entry.nTime, TxPair(0, &entry)));
        }

        // Now: iterate backwards until we have nCount items to return:
        for (TxItems::reverse_iterator it = txByTime.rbegin(); it != txByTime.rend(); ++it)
        {
            CWalletTx *const pwtx = (*it).second.first;
            if (pwtx != 0)
                ListTransactions(*pwtx, strAccount, 0, ret);
            CAccountingEntry *const pacentry = (*it).second.second;
            if (pacentry != 0)
                AcentryToJSON(*pacentry, strAccount, ret);

            if (ret.size() >= nCount) break;
        }
        // ret is now newest to oldest
    }
    
    // Make sure we return only last nCount items (sends-to-self might give us an extra):
    if (ret.size() > nCount)
    {
        Array::iterator last = ret.begin();
        std::advance(last, nCount);
        ret.erase(last, ret.end());
    }
    std::reverse(ret.begin(), ret.end()); // oldest to newest

    return ret;
}

Value listaccounts(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() > 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "listaccounts [minconf=1]\n"
            "Returns Object that has account names as keys, account balances as values.");

    int nMinDepth = 1;
    if (params.size() > 1)
        nMinDepth = params[1].get_int();

    map<string, int64> mapAccountBalances;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapAddressBook)
    {
        foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, string)& entry, mapAddressBook)
            mapAccountBalances[entry.second] = 0;

        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
        {
            const CWalletTx& wtx = (*it).second;
            int64 nGenerated, nSent, nFee;
            string strSentAccount;
            list<pair<string, int64> > listReceived;
            wtx.GetAmounts(nGenerated, listReceived, nSent, nFee, strSentAccount);
            mapAccountBalances[strSentAccount] -= nSent+nFee;
            if (wtx.GetDepthInMainChain() >= nMinDepth)
            {
                mapAccountBalances[""] += nGenerated;
                foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, int64)& r, listReceived)
                    if (mapAddressBook.count(r.first))
                        mapAccountBalances[mapAddressBook[r.first]] += r.second;
            }
        }
    }

    list<CAccountingEntry> acentries;
    CWalletDB().ListAccountCreditDebit("*", acentries);
    foreach(const CAccountingEntry& entry, acentries)
        mapAccountBalances[entry.strAccount] += entry.nCreditDebit;

    Object ret;
    foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, int64)& accountBalance, mapAccountBalances) {
        ret.push_back(Pair(accountBalance.first, ValueFromAmount(accountBalance.second)));
    }
    return ret;
}

Value gettransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "gettransaction <txid>\n"
            "Get detailed information about <txid>");

    uint256 hash;
    hash.SetHex(params[0].get_str());

    Object entry;
    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
    {
        if (!mapWallet.count(hash))
            throw JSONRPCError(-5, "Invalid transaction id");
        const CWalletTx& wtx = mapWallet[hash];

        int64 nCredit = wtx.GetCredit();
        int64 nDebit = wtx.GetDebit();
        int64 nNet = nCredit - nDebit;
        int64 nFee = (wtx.IsFromMe() ? wtx.GetValueOut() - nDebit : 0);

        entry.push_back(Pair("amount", ValueFromAmount(nNet - nFee)));
        if (wtx.IsFromMe())
            entry.push_back(Pair("fee", ValueFromAmount(nFee)));
        WalletTxToJSON(mapWallet[hash], entry);
    }

    return entry;
}


Value backupwallet(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "backupwallet <destination>\n"
            "Safely copies wallet.dat to destination, which can be a directory or a path with filename.");

    string strDest = params[0].get_str();
    BackupWallet(strDest);

    return Value::null;
}


Value validateaddress(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() != 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "validateaddress <bitcoinaddress>\n"
            "Return information about <bitcoinaddress>.");

    string strAddress = params[0].get_str();
    uint160 hash160;
    bool isValid = AddressToHash160(strAddress, hash160);

    Object ret;
    ret.push_back(Pair("isvalid", isValid));
    if (isValid)
    {
        // Call Hash160ToAddress() so we always return current ADDRESSVERSION
        // version of the address:
        string currentAddress = Hash160ToAddress(hash160);
        ret.push_back(Pair("address", currentAddress));
        ret.push_back(Pair("ismine", (mapPubKeys.count(hash160) > 0)));
        CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapAddressBook)
        {
            if (mapAddressBook.count(currentAddress))
                ret.push_back(Pair("account", mapAddressBook[currentAddress]));
        }
    }
    return ret;
}


Value getwork(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
{
    if (fHelp || params.size() > 1)
        throw runtime_error(
            "getwork [data]\n"
            "If [data] is not specified, returns formatted hash data to work on:\n"
            "  \"midstate\" : precomputed hash state after hashing the first half of the data\n"
            "  \"data\" : block data\n"
            "  \"hash1\" : formatted hash buffer for second hash\n"
            "  \"target\" : little endian hash target\n"
            "If [data] is specified, tries to solve the block and returns true if it was successful.");

    if (vNodes.empty())
        throw JSONRPCError(-9, "Bitcoin is not connected!");

    if (IsInitialBlockDownload())
        throw JSONRPCError(-10, "Bitcoin is downloading blocks...");

    static map<uint256, pair<CBlock*, unsigned int> > mapNewBlock;
    static vector<CBlock*> vNewBlock;
    static CReserveKey reservekey;

    if (params.size() == 0)
    {
        // Update block
        static unsigned int nTransactionsUpdatedLast;
        static CBlockIndex* pindexPrev;
        static int64 nStart;
        static CBlock* pblock;
        if (pindexPrev != pindexBest ||
            (nTransactionsUpdated != nTransactionsUpdatedLast && GetTime() - nStart > 60))
        {
            if (pindexPrev != pindexBest)
            {
                // Deallocate old blocks since they're obsolete now
                mapNewBlock.clear();
                foreach(CBlock* pblock, vNewBlock)
                    delete pblock;
                vNewBlock.clear();
            }
            nTransactionsUpdatedLast = nTransactionsUpdated;
            pindexPrev = pindexBest;
            nStart = GetTime();

            // Create new block
            pblock = CreateNewBlock(reservekey);
            if (!pblock)
                throw JSONRPCError(-7, "Out of memory");
            vNewBlock.push_back(pblock);
        }

        // Update nTime
        pblock->nTime = max(pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast()+1, GetAdjustedTime());
        pblock->nNonce = 0;

        // Update nExtraNonce
        static unsigned int nExtraNonce = 0;
        static int64 nPrevTime = 0;
        IncrementExtraNonce(pblock, pindexPrev, nExtraNonce, nPrevTime);

        // Save
        mapNewBlock[pblock->hashMerkleRoot] = make_pair(pblock, nExtraNonce);

        // Prebuild hash buffers
        char pmidstate[32];
        char pdata[128];
        char phash1[64];
        FormatHashBuffers(pblock, pmidstate, pdata, phash1);

        uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();

        Object result;
        result.push_back(Pair("midstate", HexStr(BEGIN(pmidstate), END(pmidstate))));
        result.push_back(Pair("data",     HexStr(BEGIN(pdata), END(pdata))));
        result.push_back(Pair("hash1",    HexStr(BEGIN(phash1), END(phash1))));
        result.push_back(Pair("target",   HexStr(BEGIN(hashTarget), END(hashTarget))));
        return result;
    }
    else
    {
        // Parse parameters
        vector<unsigned char> vchData = ParseHex(params[0].get_str());
        if (vchData.size() != 128)
            throw JSONRPCError(-8, "Invalid parameter");
        CBlock* pdata = (CBlock*)&vchData[0];

        // Byte reverse
        for (int i = 0; i < 128/4; i++)
            ((unsigned int*)pdata)[i] = CryptoPP::ByteReverse(((unsigned int*)pdata)[i]);

        // Get saved block
        if (!mapNewBlock.count(pdata->hashMerkleRoot))
            return false;
        CBlock* pblock = mapNewBlock[pdata->hashMerkleRoot].first;
        unsigned int nExtraNonce = mapNewBlock[pdata->hashMerkleRoot].second;

        pblock->nTime = pdata->nTime;
        pblock->nNonce = pdata->nNonce;
        pblock->vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << pblock->nBits << CBigNum(nExtraNonce);
        pblock->hashMerkleRoot = pblock->BuildMerkleTree();

        return CheckWork(pblock, reservekey);
    }
}











//
// Call Table
//

pair<string, rpcfn_type> pCallTable[] =
{
    make_pair("help",                  &help),
    make_pair("stop",                  &stop),
    make_pair("getblockcount",         &getblockcount),
    make_pair("getblocknumber",        &getblocknumber),
    make_pair("getconnectioncount",    &getconnectioncount),
    make_pair("getdifficulty",         &getdifficulty),
    make_pair("getgenerate",           &getgenerate),
    make_pair("setgenerate",           &setgenerate),
    make_pair("gethashespersec",       &gethashespersec),
    make_pair("getinfo",               &getinfo),
    make_pair("getnewaddress",         &getnewaddress),
    make_pair("getaccountaddress",     &getaccountaddress),
    make_pair("setaccount",            &setaccount),
    make_pair("setlabel",              &setaccount), // deprecated
    make_pair("getaccount",            &getaccount),
    make_pair("getlabel",              &getaccount), // deprecated
    make_pair("getaddressesbyaccount", &getaddressesbyaccount),
    make_pair("getaddressesbylabel",   &getaddressesbyaccount), // deprecated
    make_pair("sendtoaddress",         &sendtoaddress),
    make_pair("getamountreceived",     &getreceivedbyaddress), // deprecated, renamed to getreceivedbyaddress
    make_pair("getallreceived",        &listreceivedbyaddress), // deprecated, renamed to listreceivedbyaddress
    make_pair("getreceivedbyaddress",  &getreceivedbyaddress),
    make_pair("getreceivedbyaccount",  &getreceivedbyaccount),
    make_pair("getreceivedbylabel",    &getreceivedbyaccount), // deprecated
    make_pair("listreceivedbyaddress", &listreceivedbyaddress),
    make_pair("listreceivedbyaccount", &listreceivedbyaccount),
    make_pair("listreceivedbylabel",   &listreceivedbyaccount), // deprecated
    make_pair("backupwallet",          &backupwallet),
    make_pair("validateaddress",       &validateaddress),
    make_pair("getbalance",            &getbalance),
    make_pair("move",                  &movecmd),
    make_pair("sendfrom",              &sendfrom),
    make_pair("gettransaction",        &gettransaction),
    make_pair("listtransactions",      &listtransactions),
    make_pair("getwork",               &getwork),
    make_pair("listaccounts",          &listaccounts),
};
map<string, rpcfn_type> mapCallTable(pCallTable, pCallTable + sizeof(pCallTable)/sizeof(pCallTable[0]));

string pAllowInSafeMode[] =
{
    "help",
    "stop",
    "getblockcount",
    "getblocknumber",
    "getconnectioncount",
    "getdifficulty",
    "getgenerate",
    "setgenerate",
    "gethashespersec",
    "getinfo",
    "getnewaddress",
    "getaccountaddress",
    "setlabel",
    "getaccount",
    "getlabel", // deprecated
    "getaddressesbyaccount",
    "getaddressesbylabel", // deprecated
    "backupwallet",
    "validateaddress",
    "getwork",
};
set<string> setAllowInSafeMode(pAllowInSafeMode, pAllowInSafeMode + sizeof(pAllowInSafeMode)/sizeof(pAllowInSafeMode[0]));




//
// HTTP protocol
//
// This ain't Apache.  We're just using HTTP header for the length field
// and to be compatible with other JSON-RPC implementations.
//

string HTTPPost(const string& strMsg, const map<string,string>& mapRequestHeaders)
{
    ostringstream s;
    s << "POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n"
      << "User-Agent: json-rpc/1.0\r\n"
      << "Host: 127.0.0.1\r\n"
      << "Content-Type: application/json\r\n"
      << "Content-Length: " << strMsg.size() << "\r\n"
      << "Accept: application/json\r\n";
    foreach(const PAIRTYPE(string, string)& item, mapRequestHeaders)
        s << item.first << ": " << item.second << "\r\n";
    s << "\r\n" << strMsg;

    return s.str();
}

string rfc1123Time()
{
    char buffer[32];
    time_t now;
    time(&now);
    struct tm* now_gmt = gmtime(&now);
    strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z", now_gmt);
    return string(buffer);
}

string HTTPReply(int nStatus, const string& strMsg)
{
    if (nStatus == 401)
        return strprintf("HTTP/1.0 401 Authorization Required\r\n"
            "Date: %s\r\n"
            "Server: bitcoin-json-rpc\r\n"
            "WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm=\"jsonrpc\"\r\n"
            "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"
            "Content-Length: 296\r\n"
            "\r\n"
            "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\"\r\n"
            "\"http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/loose.dtd\">\r\n"
            "<HTML>\r\n"
            "<HEAD>\r\n"
            "<TITLE>Error</TITLE>\r\n"
            "<META HTTP-EQUIV='Content-Type' CONTENT='text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1'>\r\n"
            "</HEAD>\r\n"
            "<BODY><H1>401 Unauthorized.</H1></BODY>\r\n"
            "</HTML>\r\n", rfc1123Time().c_str());
    string strStatus;
         if (nStatus == 200) strStatus = "OK";
    else if (nStatus == 400) strStatus = "Bad Request";
    else if (nStatus == 404) strStatus = "Not Found";
    else if (nStatus == 500) strStatus = "Internal Server Error";
    return strprintf(
            "HTTP/1.1 %d %s\r\n"
            "Date: %s\r\n"
            "Connection: close\r\n"
            "Content-Length: %d\r\n"
            "Content-Type: application/json\r\n"
            "Server: bitcoin-json-rpc/1.0\r\n"
            "\r\n"
            "%s",
        nStatus,
        strStatus.c_str(),
        rfc1123Time().c_str(),
        strMsg.size(),
        strMsg.c_str());
}

int ReadHTTPStatus(std::basic_istream<char>& stream)
{
    string str;
    getline(stream, str);
    vector<string> vWords;
    boost::split(vWords, str, boost::is_any_of(" "));
    if (vWords.size() < 2)
        return 500;
    return atoi(vWords[1].c_str());
}

int ReadHTTPHeader(std::basic_istream<char>& stream, map<string, string>& mapHeadersRet)
{
    int nLen = 0;
    loop
    {
        string str;
        std::getline(stream, str);
        if (str.empty() || str == "\r")
            break;
        string::size_type nColon = str.find(":");
        if (nColon != string::npos)
        {
            string strHeader = str.substr(0, nColon);
            boost::trim(strHeader);
            string strValue = str.substr(nColon+1);
            boost::trim(strValue);
            mapHeadersRet[strHeader] = strValue;
            if (strHeader == "Content-Length")
                nLen = atoi(strValue.c_str());
        }
    }
    return nLen;
}

int ReadHTTP(std::basic_istream<char>& stream, map<string, string>& mapHeadersRet, string& strMessageRet)
{
    mapHeadersRet.clear();
    strMessageRet = "";

    // Read status
    int nStatus = ReadHTTPStatus(stream);

    // Read header
    int nLen = ReadHTTPHeader(stream, mapHeadersRet);
    if (nLen < 0 || nLen > MAX_SIZE)
        return 500;

    // Read message
    if (nLen > 0)
    {
        vector<char> vch(nLen);
        stream.read(&vch[0], nLen);
        strMessageRet = string(vch.begin(), vch.end());
    }

    return nStatus;
}

string EncodeBase64(string s)
{
    BIO *b64, *bmem;
    BUF_MEM *bptr;

    b64 = BIO_new(BIO_f_base64());
    BIO_set_flags(b64, BIO_FLAGS_BASE64_NO_NL);
    bmem = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
    b64 = BIO_push(b64, bmem);
    BIO_write(b64, s.c_str(), s.size());
    BIO_flush(b64);
    BIO_get_mem_ptr(b64, &bptr);

    string result(bptr->data, bptr->length);
    BIO_free_all(b64);

    return result;
}

string DecodeBase64(string s)
{
    BIO *b64, *bmem;

    char* buffer = static_cast<char*>(calloc(s.size(), sizeof(char)));

    b64 = BIO_new(BIO_f_base64());
    BIO_set_flags(b64, BIO_FLAGS_BASE64_NO_NL);
    bmem = BIO_new_mem_buf(const_cast<char*>(s.c_str()), s.size());
    bmem = BIO_push(b64, bmem);
    BIO_read(bmem, buffer, s.size());
    BIO_free_all(bmem);

    string result(buffer);
    free(buffer);
    return result;
}

bool HTTPAuthorized(map<string, string>& mapHeaders)
{
    string strAuth = mapHeaders["Authorization"];
    if (strAuth.substr(0,6) != "Basic ")
        return false;
    string strUserPass64 = strAuth.substr(6); boost::trim(strUserPass64);
    string strUserPass = DecodeBase64(strUserPass64);
    string::size_type nColon = strUserPass.find(":");
    if (nColon == string::npos)
        return false;
    string strUser = strUserPass.substr(0, nColon);
    string strPassword = strUserPass.substr(nColon+1);
    return (strUser == mapArgs["-rpcuser"] && strPassword == mapArgs["-rpcpassword"]);
}

//
// JSON-RPC protocol.  Bitcoin speaks version 1.0 for maximum compatibility,
// but uses JSON-RPC 1.1/2.0 standards for parts of the 1.0 standard that were
// unspecified (HTTP errors and contents of 'error').
//
// 1.0 spec: http://json-rpc.org/wiki/specification
// 1.2 spec: http://groups.google.com/group/json-rpc/web/json-rpc-over-http
// http://www.codeproject.com/KB/recipes/JSON_Spirit.aspx
//

string JSONRPCRequest(const string& strMethod, const Array& params, const Value& id)
{
    Object request;
    request.push_back(Pair("method", strMethod));
    request.push_back(Pair("params", params));
    request.push_back(Pair("id", id));
    return write_string(Value(request), false) + "\n";
}

string JSONRPCReply(const Value& result, const Value& error, const Value& id)
{
    Object reply;
    if (error.type() != null_type)
        reply.push_back(Pair("result", Value::null));
    else
        reply.push_back(Pair("result", result));
    reply.push_back(Pair("error", error));
    reply.push_back(Pair("id", id));
    return write_string(Value(reply), false) + "\n";
}

void ErrorReply(std::ostream& stream, const Object& objError, const Value& id)
{
    // Send error reply from json-rpc error object
    int nStatus = 500;
    int code = find_value(objError, "code").get_int();
    if (code == -32600) nStatus = 400;
    else if (code == -32601) nStatus = 404;
    string strReply = JSONRPCReply(Value::null, objError, id);
    stream << HTTPReply(nStatus, strReply) << std::flush;
}

bool ClientAllowed(const string& strAddress)
{
    if (strAddress == asio::ip::address_v4::loopback().to_string())
        return true;
    const vector<string>& vAllow = mapMultiArgs["-rpcallowip"];
    foreach(string strAllow, vAllow)
        if (WildcardMatch(strAddress, strAllow))
            return true;
    return false;
}

#ifdef USE_SSL
//
// IOStream device that speaks SSL but can also speak non-SSL
//
class SSLIOStreamDevice : public iostreams::device<iostreams::bidirectional> {
public:
    SSLIOStreamDevice(SSLStream &streamIn, bool fUseSSLIn) : stream(streamIn)
    {
        fUseSSL = fUseSSLIn;
        fNeedHandshake = fUseSSLIn;
    }

    void handshake(ssl::stream_base::handshake_type role)
    {
        if (!fNeedHandshake) return;
        fNeedHandshake = false;
        stream.handshake(role);
    }
    std::streamsize read(char* s, std::streamsize n)
    {
        handshake(ssl::stream_base::server); // HTTPS servers read first
        if (fUseSSL) return stream.read_some(asio::buffer(s, n));
        return stream.next_layer().read_some(asio::buffer(s, n));
    }
    std::streamsize write(const char* s, std::streamsize n)
    {
        handshake(ssl::stream_base::client); // HTTPS clients write first
        if (fUseSSL) return asio::write(stream, asio::buffer(s, n));
        return asio::write(stream.next_layer(), asio::buffer(s, n));
    }
    bool connect(const std::string& server, const std::string& port)
    {
        ip::tcp::resolver resolver(stream.get_io_service());
        ip::tcp::resolver::query query(server.c_str(), port.c_str());
        ip::tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = resolver.resolve(query);
        ip::tcp::resolver::iterator end;
        boost::system::error_code error = asio::error::host_not_found;
        while (error && endpoint_iterator != end)
        {
            stream.lowest_layer().close();
            stream.lowest_layer().connect(*endpoint_iterator++, error);
        }
        if (error)
            return false;
        return true;
    }

private:
    bool fNeedHandshake;
    bool fUseSSL;
    SSLStream& stream;
};
#endif

void ThreadRPCServer(void* parg)
{
    IMPLEMENT_RANDOMIZE_STACK(ThreadRPCServer(parg));
    try
    {
        vnThreadsRunning[4]++;
        ThreadRPCServer2(parg);
        vnThreadsRunning[4]--;
    }
    catch (std::exception& e) {
        vnThreadsRunning[4]--;
        PrintException(&e, "ThreadRPCServer()");
    } catch (...) {
        vnThreadsRunning[4]--;
        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadRPCServer()");
    }
    printf("ThreadRPCServer exiting\n");
}

void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg)
{
    printf("ThreadRPCServer started\n");

    if (mapArgs["-rpcuser"] == "" && mapArgs["-rpcpassword"] == "")
    {
        string strWhatAmI = "To use bitcoind";
        if (mapArgs.count("-server"))
            strWhatAmI = strprintf(_("To use the %s option"), "\"-server\"");
        else if (mapArgs.count("-daemon"))
            strWhatAmI = strprintf(_("To use the %s option"), "\"-daemon\"");
        PrintConsole(
            _("Warning: %s, you must set rpcpassword=<password>\nin the configuration file: %s\n"
              "If the file does not exist, create it with owner-readable-only file permissions.\n"),
                strWhatAmI.c_str(),
                GetConfigFile().c_str());
        CreateThread(Shutdown, NULL);
        return;
    }

    bool fUseSSL = GetBoolArg("-rpcssl");
    asio::ip::address bindAddress = mapArgs.count("-rpcallowip") ? asio::ip::address_v4::any() : asio::ip::address_v4::loopback();

    asio::io_service io_service;
    ip::tcp::endpoint endpoint(bindAddress, GetArg("-rpcport", 8332));
    ip::tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_service, endpoint);

#ifdef USE_SSL
    ssl::context context(io_service, ssl::context::sslv23);
    if (fUseSSL)
    {
        context.set_options(ssl::context::no_sslv2);
        filesystem::path certfile = GetArg("-rpcsslcertificatechainfile", "server.cert");
        if (!certfile.is_complete()) certfile = filesystem::path(GetDataDir()) / certfile;
        if (filesystem::exists(certfile)) context.use_certificate_chain_file(certfile.string().c_str());
        else printf("ThreadRPCServer ERROR: missing server certificate file %s\n", certfile.string().c_str());
        filesystem::path pkfile = GetArg("-rpcsslprivatekeyfile", "server.pem");
        if (!pkfile.is_complete()) pkfile = filesystem::path(GetDataDir()) / pkfile;
        if (filesystem::exists(pkfile)) context.use_private_key_file(pkfile.string().c_str(), ssl::context::pem);
        else printf("ThreadRPCServer ERROR: missing server private key file %s\n", pkfile.string().c_str());

        string ciphers = GetArg("-rpcsslciphers",
                                         "TLSv1+HIGH:!SSLv2:!aNULL:!eNULL:!AH:!3DES:@STRENGTH");
        SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(context.impl(), ciphers.c_str());
    }
#else
    if (fUseSSL)
        throw runtime_error("-rpcssl=1, but bitcoin compiled without full openssl libraries.");
#endif

    loop
    {
        // Accept connection
#ifdef USE_SSL
        SSLStream sslStream(io_service, context);
        SSLIOStreamDevice d(sslStream, fUseSSL);
        iostreams::stream<SSLIOStreamDevice> stream(d);
#else
        ip::tcp::iostream stream;
#endif

        ip::tcp::endpoint peer;
        vnThreadsRunning[4]--;
#ifdef USE_SSL
        acceptor.accept(sslStream.lowest_layer(), peer);
#else
        acceptor.accept(*stream.rdbuf(), peer);
#endif
        vnThreadsRunning[4]++;
        if (fShutdown)
            return;

        // Restrict callers by IP
        if (!ClientAllowed(peer.address().to_string()))
            continue;

        map<string, string> mapHeaders;
        string strRequest;

        boost::thread api_caller(ReadHTTP, ref(stream), ref(mapHeaders), ref(strRequest));
        if (!api_caller.timed_join(boost::posix_time::seconds(GetArg("-rpctimeout", 30))))
        {   // Timed out:
            acceptor.cancel();
            printf("ThreadRPCServer ReadHTTP timeout\n");
            continue;
        }

        // Check authorization
        if (mapHeaders.count("Authorization") == 0)
        {
            stream << HTTPReply(401, "") << std::flush;
            continue;
        }
        if (!HTTPAuthorized(mapHeaders))
        {
            // Deter brute-forcing short passwords
            if (mapArgs["-rpcpassword"].size() < 15)
                Sleep(50);

            stream << HTTPReply(401, "") << std::flush;
            printf("ThreadRPCServer incorrect password attempt\n");
            continue;
        }

        Value id = Value::null;
        try
        {
            // Parse request
            Value valRequest;
            if (!read_string(strRequest, valRequest) || valRequest.type() != obj_type)
                throw JSONRPCError(-32700, "Parse error");
            const Object& request = valRequest.get_obj();

            // Parse id now so errors from here on will have the id
            id = find_value(request, "id");

            // Parse method
            Value valMethod = find_value(request, "method");
            if (valMethod.type() == null_type)
                throw JSONRPCError(-32600, "Missing method");
            if (valMethod.type() != str_type)
                throw JSONRPCError(-32600, "Method must be a string");
            string strMethod = valMethod.get_str();
            if (strMethod != "getwork")
                printf("ThreadRPCServer method=%s\n", strMethod.c_str());

            // Parse params
            Value valParams = find_value(request, "params");
            Array params;
            if (valParams.type() == array_type)
                params = valParams.get_array();
            else if (valParams.type() == null_type)
                params = Array();
            else
                throw JSONRPCError(-32600, "Params must be an array");

            // Find method
            map<string, rpcfn_type>::iterator mi = mapCallTable.find(strMethod);
            if (mi == mapCallTable.end())
                throw JSONRPCError(-32601, "Method not found");

            // Observe safe mode
            string strWarning = GetWarnings("rpc");
            if (strWarning != "" && !GetBoolArg("-disablesafemode") && !setAllowInSafeMode.count(strMethod))
                throw JSONRPCError(-2, string("Safe mode: ") + strWarning);

            try
            {
                // Execute
                Value result = (*(*mi).second)(params, false);

                // Send reply
                string strReply = JSONRPCReply(result, Value::null, id);
                stream << HTTPReply(200, strReply) << std::flush;
            }
            catch (std::exception& e)
            {
                ErrorReply(stream, JSONRPCError(-1, e.what()), id);
            }
        }
        catch (Object& objError)
        {
            ErrorReply(stream, objError, id);
        }
        catch (std::exception& e)
        {
            ErrorReply(stream, JSONRPCError(-32700, e.what()), id);
        }
    }
}




Object CallRPC(const string& strMethod, const Array& params)
{
    if (mapArgs["-rpcuser"] == "" && mapArgs["-rpcpassword"] == "")
        throw runtime_error(strprintf(
            _("You must set rpcpassword=<password> in the configuration file:\n%s\n"
              "If the file does not exist, create it with owner-readable-only file permissions."),
                GetConfigFile().c_str()));

    // Connect to localhost
    bool fUseSSL = GetBoolArg("-rpcssl");
#ifdef USE_SSL
    asio::io_service io_service;
    ssl::context context(io_service, ssl::context::sslv23);
    context.set_options(ssl::context::no_sslv2);
    SSLStream sslStream(io_service, context);
    SSLIOStreamDevice d(sslStream, fUseSSL);
    iostreams::stream<SSLIOStreamDevice> stream(d);
    if (!d.connect(GetArg("-rpcconnect", "127.0.0.1"), GetArg("-rpcport", "8332")))
        throw runtime_error("couldn't connect to server");
#else
    if (fUseSSL)
        throw runtime_error("-rpcssl=1, but bitcoin compiled without full openssl libraries.");

    ip::tcp::iostream stream(GetArg("-rpcconnect", "127.0.0.1"), GetArg("-rpcport", "8332"));
    if (stream.fail())
        throw runtime_error("couldn't connect to server");
#endif


    // HTTP basic authentication
    string strUserPass64 = EncodeBase64(mapArgs["-rpcuser"] + ":" + mapArgs["-rpcpassword"]);
    map<string, string> mapRequestHeaders;
    mapRequestHeaders["Authorization"] = string("Basic ") + strUserPass64;

    // Send request
    string strRequest = JSONRPCRequest(strMethod, params, 1);
    string strPost = HTTPPost(strRequest, mapRequestHeaders);
    stream << strPost << std::flush;

    // Receive reply
    map<string, string> mapHeaders;
    string strReply;
    int nStatus = ReadHTTP(stream, mapHeaders, strReply);
    if (nStatus == 401)
        throw runtime_error("incorrect rpcuser or rpcpassword (authorization failed)");
    else if (nStatus >= 400 && nStatus != 400 && nStatus != 404 && nStatus != 500)
        throw runtime_error(strprintf("server returned HTTP error %d", nStatus));
    else if (strReply.empty())
        throw runtime_error("no response from server");

    // Parse reply
    Value valReply;
    if (!read_string(strReply, valReply))
        throw runtime_error("couldn't parse reply from server");
    const Object& reply = valReply.get_obj();
    if (reply.empty())
        throw runtime_error("expected reply to have result, error and id properties");

    return reply;
}




template<typename T>
void ConvertTo(Value& value)
{
    if (value.type() == str_type)
    {
        // reinterpret string as unquoted json value
        Value value2;
        if (!read_string(value.get_str(), value2))
            throw runtime_error("type mismatch");
        value = value2.get_value<T>();
    }
    else
    {
        value = value.get_value<T>();
    }
}

int CommandLineRPC(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    string strPrint;
    int nRet = 0;
    try
    {
        // Skip switches
        while (argc > 1 && IsSwitchChar(argv[1][0]))
        {
            argc--;
            argv++;
        }

        // Method
        if (argc < 2)
            throw runtime_error("too few parameters");
        string strMethod = argv[1];

        // Parameters default to strings
        Array params;
        for (int i = 2; i < argc; i++)
            params.push_back(argv[i]);
        int n = params.size();

        //
        // Special case non-string parameter types
        //
        if (strMethod == "setgenerate"            && n > 0) ConvertTo<bool>(params[0]);
        if (strMethod == "setgenerate"            && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "sendtoaddress"          && n > 1) ConvertTo<double>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "getamountreceived"      && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]); // deprecated
        if (strMethod == "getreceivedbyaddress"   && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "getreceivedbyaccount"   && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "getreceivedbylabel"     && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]); // deprecated
        if (strMethod == "getallreceived"         && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]); // deprecated
        if (strMethod == "getallreceived"         && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaddress"  && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
        if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaddress"  && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaccount"  && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
        if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaccount"  && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "listreceivedbylabel"    && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]); // deprecated
        if (strMethod == "listreceivedbylabel"    && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]); // deprecated
        if (strMethod == "getbalance"             && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "move"                   && n > 2) ConvertTo<double>(params[2]);
        if (strMethod == "move"                   && n > 3) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[3]);
        if (strMethod == "sendfrom"               && n > 2) ConvertTo<double>(params[2]);
        if (strMethod == "sendfrom"               && n > 3) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[3]);
        if (strMethod == "listtransactions"       && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
        if (strMethod == "listaccounts"           && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);

        // Execute
        Object reply = CallRPC(strMethod, params);

        // Parse reply
        const Value& result = find_value(reply, "result");
        const Value& error  = find_value(reply, "error");
        const Value& id     = find_value(reply, "id");

        if (error.type() != null_type)
        {
            // Error
            strPrint = "error: " + write_string(error, false);
            int code = find_value(error.get_obj(), "code").get_int();
            nRet = abs(code);
        }
        else
        {
            // Result
            if (result.type() == null_type)
                strPrint = "";
            else if (result.type() == str_type)
                strPrint = result.get_str();
            else
                strPrint = write_string(result, true);
        }
    }
    catch (std::exception& e)
    {
        strPrint = string("error: ") + e.what();
        nRet = 87;
    }
    catch (...)
    {
        PrintException(NULL, "CommandLineRPC()");
    }

    if (strPrint != "")
    {
#if defined(__WXMSW__) && defined(GUI)
        // Windows GUI apps can't print to command line,
        // so settle for a message box yuck
        MyMessageBox(strPrint, "Bitcoin", wxOK);
#else
        fprintf((nRet == 0 ? stdout : stderr), "%s\n", strPrint.c_str());
#endif
    }
    return nRet;
}




#ifdef TEST
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#ifdef _MSC_VER
    // Turn off microsoft heap dump noise
    _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
    _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, CreateFile("NUL", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0));
#endif
    setbuf(stdin, NULL);
    setbuf(stdout, NULL);
    setbuf(stderr, NULL);

    try
    {
        if (argc >= 2 && string(argv[1]) == "-server")
        {
            printf("server ready\n");
            ThreadRPCServer(NULL);
        }
        else
        {
            return CommandLineRPC(argc, argv);
        }
    }
    catch (std::exception& e) {
        PrintException(&e, "main()");
    } catch (...) {
        PrintException(NULL, "main()");
    }
    return 0;
}
#endif