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Subjects

A Subject is a special type of Observable which shares a single execution path among observers.

You can think of this as a single speaker talking at a microphone in a room full of people. Their message (the subject) is being delivered to many (multicast) people (the observers) at once. This is the basis of multicasting. Typical observables would be comparable to a 1 on 1 conversation.

There are 4 variants of subjects:

  • Subject - No initial value or replay behavior.
  • AsyncSubject - Emits latest value to observers upon completion.
  • BehaviorSubject - Requires an initial value and emits its current value (last emitted item) to new subscribers.
  • ReplaySubject - Emits specified number of last emitted values (a replay) to new subscribers.

Contents

Subjects comparison

( Stackblitz )

/*
                   s1    n(r)   n(x)    s2     n(j)   c    n(s)
Subject            
        s1         ^-----r------x--------------j------|----------
        s2         ---------------------^------j------|----------
AsyncSubject       
        s1         ^----------------------------------j|---------
        s2         ---------------------^-------------j|---------
BehaviorSubject    
        s1         ^a----r------x--------------j------|----------
        s2         ---------------------^x-----j------|----------
ReplaySubject      
        s1         ^-----r------x--------------j------|----------
        s2         ---------------------^r-x---j------|----------
*/

// RxJS v6+
import { Subject, AsyncSubject, BehaviorSubject, ReplaySubject } from 'rxjs';

const subject = new Subject();
const asyncSubject = new AsyncSubject();
const behaviorSubject = new BehaviorSubject('a');
const replaySubject = new ReplaySubject(2);

const subjects = [subject, asyncSubject, behaviorSubject, replaySubject];
const log = subjectType => e => console.log(`${subjectType}: ${e}`);

console.log('SUBSCRIBE 1');
subject.subscribe(log('s1 subject'));
asyncSubject.subscribe(log('s1 asyncSubject'));
behaviorSubject.subscribe(log('s1 behaviorSubject'));
replaySubject.subscribe(log('s1 replaySubject'));

console.log('\nNEXT(r)');
subjects.forEach(o => o.next('r'));

console.log('\nNEXT(x)');
subjects.forEach(o => o.next('x'));

console.log('\nSUBSCRIBE 2');
subject.subscribe(log('s2 subject'));
asyncSubject.subscribe(log('s2 asyncSubject'));
behaviorSubject.subscribe(log('s2 behaviorSubject'));
replaySubject.subscribe(log('s2 replaySubject'));

console.log('\nNEXT(j)');
subjects.forEach(o => o.next('j'));

console.log('\nCOMPLETE');
subjects.forEach(o => o.complete());

console.log('\nNEXT(s)');
subjects.forEach(o => o.next('s'));

/*
OUTPUT:

SUBSCRIBE 1
s1 behaviorSubject: a

NEXT(r)
s1 subject: r
s1 behaviorSubject: r
s1 replaySubject: r

NEXT(x)
s1 subject: x
s1 behaviorSubject: x
s1 replaySubject: x

SUBSCRIBE 2
s2 behaviorSubject: x
s2 replaySubject: r
s2 replaySubject: x

NEXT(j)
s1 subject: j
s2 subject: j
s1 behaviorSubject: j
s2 behaviorSubject: j
s1 replaySubject: j
s2 replaySubject: j

COMPLETE
s1 asyncSubject: j
s2 asyncSubject: j

NEXT(s)
*/

Additional Resources