path_creds_create.go

package ssh

import (
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"strings"

	"github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid"
	"github.com/hashicorp/vault/logical"
	"github.com/hashicorp/vault/logical/framework"
)

type sshOTP struct {
	Username string `json:"username" structs:"username" mapstructure:"username"`
	IP       string `json:"ip" structs:"ip" mapstructure:"ip"`
	RoleName string `json:"role_name" structs:"role_name" mapstructure:"role_name"`
}

func pathCredsCreate(b *backend) *framework.Path {
	return &framework.Path{
		Pattern: "creds/" + framework.GenericNameRegex("role"),
		Fields: map[string]*framework.FieldSchema{
			"role": &framework.FieldSchema{
				Type:        framework.TypeString,
				Description: "[Required] Name of the role",
			},
			"username": &framework.FieldSchema{
				Type:        framework.TypeString,
				Description: "[Optional] Username in remote host",
			},
			"ip": &framework.FieldSchema{
				Type:        framework.TypeString,
				Description: "[Required] IP of the remote host",
			},
		},
		Callbacks: map[logical.Operation]framework.OperationFunc{
			logical.UpdateOperation: b.pathCredsCreateWrite,
		},
		HelpSynopsis:    pathCredsCreateHelpSyn,
		HelpDescription: pathCredsCreateHelpDesc,
	}
}

func (b *backend) pathCredsCreateWrite(
	req *logical.Request, d *framework.FieldData) (*logical.Response, error) {
	roleName := d.Get("role").(string)
	if roleName == "" {
		return logical.ErrorResponse("Missing role"), nil
	}

	ipRaw := d.Get("ip").(string)
	if ipRaw == "" {
		return logical.ErrorResponse("Missing ip"), nil
	}

	role, err := b.getRole(req.Storage, roleName)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error retrieving role: %v", err)
	}
	if role == nil {
		return logical.ErrorResponse(fmt.Sprintf("Role %q not found", roleName)), nil
	}

	// username is an optional parameter.
	username := d.Get("username").(string)

	// Set the default username
	if username == "" {
		if role.DefaultUser == "" {
			return logical.ErrorResponse("No default username registered. Use 'username' option"), nil
		}
		username = role.DefaultUser
	}

	if role.AllowedUsers != "" {
		// Check if the username is present in allowed users list.
		err := validateUsername(username, role.AllowedUsers)

		// If username is not present in allowed users list, check if it
		// is the default username in the role. If neither is true, then
		// that username is not allowed to generate a credential.
		if err != nil && username != role.DefaultUser {
			return logical.ErrorResponse("Username is not present is allowed users list"), nil
		}
	} else if username != role.DefaultUser {
		return logical.ErrorResponse("Username has to be either in allowed users list or has to be a default username"), nil
	}

	// Validate the IP address
	ipAddr := net.ParseIP(ipRaw)
	if ipAddr == nil {
		return logical.ErrorResponse(fmt.Sprintf("Invalid IP %q", ipRaw)), nil
	}

	// Check if the IP belongs to the registered list of CIDR blocks under the role
	ip := ipAddr.String()

	zeroAddressEntry, err := b.getZeroAddressRoles(req.Storage)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error retrieving zero-address roles: %v", err)
	}
	var zeroAddressRoles []string
	if zeroAddressEntry != nil {
		zeroAddressRoles = zeroAddressEntry.Roles
	}

	err = validateIP(ip, roleName, role.CIDRList, role.ExcludeCIDRList, zeroAddressRoles)
	if err != nil {
		return logical.ErrorResponse(fmt.Sprintf("Error validating IP: %v", err)), nil
	}

	var result *logical.Response
	if role.KeyType == KeyTypeOTP {
		// Generate an OTP
		otp, err := b.GenerateOTPCredential(req, &sshOTP{
			Username: username,
			IP:       ip,
			RoleName: roleName,
		})
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		// Return the information relevant to user of OTP type and save
		// the data required for later use in the internal section of secret.
		// In this case, saving just the OTP is sufficient since there is
		// no need to establish connection with the remote host.
		result = b.Secret(SecretOTPType).Response(map[string]interface{}{
			"key_type": role.KeyType,
			"key":      otp,
			"username": username,
			"ip":       ip,
			"port":     role.Port,
		}, map[string]interface{}{
			"otp": otp,
		})
	} else if role.KeyType == KeyTypeDynamic {
		// Generate an RSA key pair. This also installs the newly generated
		// public key in the remote host.
		dynamicPublicKey, dynamicPrivateKey, err := b.GenerateDynamicCredential(req, role, username, ip)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		// Return the information relevant to user of dynamic type and save
		// information required for later use in internal section of secret.
		result = b.Secret(SecretDynamicKeyType).Response(map[string]interface{}{
			"key":      dynamicPrivateKey,
			"key_type": role.KeyType,
			"username": username,
			"ip":       ip,
			"port":     role.Port,
		}, map[string]interface{}{
			"admin_user":         role.AdminUser,
			"username":           username,
			"ip":                 ip,
			"host_key_name":      role.KeyName,
			"dynamic_public_key": dynamicPublicKey,
			"port":               role.Port,
			"install_script":     role.InstallScript,
		})
	} else {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("key type unknown")
	}

	return result, nil
}

// Generates a RSA key pair and installs it in the remote target
func (b *backend) GenerateDynamicCredential(req *logical.Request, role *sshRole, username, ip string) (string, string, error) {
	// Fetch the host key to be used for dynamic key installation
	keyEntry, err := req.Storage.Get(fmt.Sprintf("keys/%s", role.KeyName))
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("key %q not found. err: %v", role.KeyName, err)
	}

	if keyEntry == nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("key %q not found", role.KeyName)
	}

	var hostKey sshHostKey
	if err := keyEntry.DecodeJSON(&hostKey); err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("error reading the host key: %v", err)
	}

	// Generate a new RSA key pair with the given key length.
	dynamicPublicKey, dynamicPrivateKey, err := generateRSAKeys(role.KeyBits)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("error generating key: %v", err)
	}

	if len(role.KeyOptionSpecs) != 0 {
		dynamicPublicKey = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", role.KeyOptionSpecs, dynamicPublicKey)
	}

	// Add the public key to authorized_keys file in target machine
	err = b.installPublicKeyInTarget(role.AdminUser, username, ip, role.Port, hostKey.Key, dynamicPublicKey, role.InstallScript, true)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to add public key to authorized_keys file in target: %v", err)
	}
	return dynamicPublicKey, dynamicPrivateKey, nil
}

// Generates a UUID OTP and its salted value based on the salt of the backend.
func (b *backend) GenerateSaltedOTP() (string, string, error) {
	str, err := uuid.GenerateUUID()
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", err
	}
	return str, b.salt.SaltID(str), nil
}

// Generates an UUID OTP and creates an entry for the same in storage backend with its salted string.
func (b *backend) GenerateOTPCredential(req *logical.Request, sshOTPEntry *sshOTP) (string, error) {
	otp, otpSalted, err := b.GenerateSaltedOTP()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	// Check if there is an entry already created for the newly generated OTP.
	entry, err := b.getOTP(req.Storage, otpSalted)

	// If entry already exists for the OTP, make sure that new OTP is not
	// replacing an existing one by recreating new ones until an unused
	// OTP is generated. It is very unlikely that this is the case and this
	// code is just for safety.
	for err == nil && entry != nil {
		otp, otpSalted, err = b.GenerateSaltedOTP()
		if err != nil {
			return "", err
		}
		entry, err = b.getOTP(req.Storage, otpSalted)
		if err != nil {
			return "", err
		}
	}

	// Store an entry for the salt of OTP.
	newEntry, err := logical.StorageEntryJSON("otp/"+otpSalted, sshOTPEntry)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	if err := req.Storage.Put(newEntry); err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	return otp, nil
}

// ValidateIP first checks if the role belongs to the list of privileged
// roles that could allow any IP address and if there is a match, IP is
// accepted immediately. If not, IP is searched in the allowed CIDR blocks
// registered with the role. If there is a match, then it is searched in the
// excluded CIDR blocks and if IP is found there as well, an error is returned.
// IP is valid only if it is encompassed by allowed CIDR blocks and not by
// excluded CIDR blocks.
func validateIP(ip, roleName, cidrList, excludeCidrList string, zeroAddressRoles []string) error {
	// Search IP in the zero-address list
	for _, role := range zeroAddressRoles {
		if roleName == role {
			return nil
		}
	}

	// Search IP in allowed CIDR blocks
	ipMatched, err := cidrListContainsIP(ip, cidrList)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !ipMatched {
		return fmt.Errorf("IP does not belong to role")
	}

	if len(excludeCidrList) == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	// Search IP in exclude list
	ipMatched, err = cidrListContainsIP(ip, excludeCidrList)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if ipMatched {
		return fmt.Errorf("IP does not belong to role")
	}

	return nil
}

// Checks if the username supplied by the user is present in the list of
// allowed users registered which creation of role.
func validateUsername(username, allowedUsers string) error {
	if allowedUsers == "" {
		return fmt.Errorf("username not in allowed users list")
	}

	// Role was explicitly configured to allow any username.
	if allowedUsers == "*" {
		return nil
	}

	userList := strings.Split(allowedUsers, ",")
	for _, user := range userList {
		if strings.TrimSpace(user) == username {
			return nil
		}
	}

	return fmt.Errorf("username not in allowed users list")
}

const pathCredsCreateHelpSyn = `
Creates a credential for establishing SSH connection with the remote host.
`

const pathCredsCreateHelpDesc = `
This path will generate a new key for establishing SSH session with
target host. The key can either be a long lived dynamic key or a One
Time Password (OTP), using 'key_type' parameter being 'dynamic' or
'otp' respectively. For dynamic keys, a named key should be supplied.
Create named key using the 'keys/' endpoint, and this represents the
shared SSH key of target host. If this backend is mounted at 'ssh',
then "ssh/creds/web" would generate a key for 'web' role.

Keys will have a lease associated with them. The access keys can be
revoked by using the lease ID.
`