acons

acons is a modern C++ header-only library for constructing N-dimensional arrays.

It is distributed under the MIT License.

Get acons

Download the latest single header file.

How to use it

Examples
Reference

Supported compilers

Compiler	Versions	Operating System
VS	14.0	Windows 10
g++-	4.8, 6, 7,8	Ubuntu
clang	3.8, 5.0. 6.0

Examples

Construct an array with zeros

#include <iostream>
#include <acons/ndarray.hpp>

int main()
{
    // Construct an array of shape 2 x 3 with zeros
    acons::ndarray<double,2> a(2,3,0.0);

    std::cout << a << "\n\n";
}

Output:

[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]]

Construct a 3-dim array

#include <iostream>
#include <acons/ndarray.hpp>

int main()
{
    // Create a 3-dim array of shape 3 x 4 x 2
    acons::ndarray<double,3> a(3,4,2);

    // Assign values to the elements
    int x = 0;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < a.shape(0); ++i)
    {
        for (size_t j = 0; j < a.shape(1); ++j)
        {
            for (size_t k = 0; k < a.shape(2); ++k)
            {
                a(i,j,k) = x++;
            }
        }
    }

    // Print
    std::cout << a << "\n";
}

Output:

[[[0,1],[2,3],[4,5],[6,7]],[[8,9],[10,11],[12,13],[14,15]],[[16,17],[18,19],[20,21],[22,23]]]

Wrap a C-array

#include <iostream>
#include <acons/ndarray.hpp>

int main()
{
    double a[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6};

    // Elements of a can be modified through this 2 x 3 interface
    acons::ndarray_view<double,2> v(a,2,3); 
    v(0,2) = 9;

    // Elements of a cannot be modified through this 2 x 3 interface
    acons::const_ndarray_view<double,2> cv(a,2,3);

    std::cout << cv << "\n\n";
}

Output:

[[0,1,9],[3,4,5]]

Slicing a 1-dimensional array

A slice object can be constructed with start, stop and step parameters.

#include <iostream>
#include <acons/ndarray.hpp>

int main()
{
    acons::ndarray<double,1> a = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};

    // Extracting a part of the array with a slice object
    acons::ndarray_view<double,1> v(a, {acons::slice(2,7,2)});
    std::cout << v << "\n\n";
}

Output:

[2,4,6]

Slicing a 2-dimensional array

A slice object constructed with no parameters identifies all the elements along the dimension of an array. If stop and step are not given, stop defaults to one past the last element along the dimension, and step defaults to 1.

#include <iostream>
#include <acons/ndarray.hpp>

int main()
{
    // Construct a 2-dimensional 3 x 4 array 
    acons::ndarray<double,2> a = {{0,1,2,3},{4,5,6,7},{8,9,10,11}};

    // All items from row 1 and columns 0 and 1
    acons::ndarray_view<double,2> v1(a, {acons::slice(1,2),acons::slice(0,2)});
    std::cout << "(1) " << v1 << "\n\n";

    // All items from column 1 onwards
    acons::ndarray_view<double,2> v2(a, {acons::slice(),acons::slice(1)});
    std::cout << "(2) " << v2 << "\n\n";
}

Output:

(1) [[4,5]]

(2) [[1,2,3],[5,6,7],[9,10,11]]

Reduction

Construct a view on an array (or another view) that has fewer dimensions than the original.

#include <iostream>
#include <acons/ndarray.hpp>

int main()
{
    // Construct a 2-dimensional 3 x 4 array 
    acons::ndarray<double,2> a = {{0,1,2,3},{4,5,6,7},{8,9,10,11}};

    // Reduce the 2-dimensional array to a 1-dimensional array, along row 0
    acons::ndarray_view<double,1> v1(a, acons::indices_t<1>{0});
    std::cout << "(1) " << v1 << "\n\n";

    // Reduce the 2-dimensional array to a 1-dimensional array, along column 2
    acons::ndarray_view<double,1> v2(a, {acons::slice()}, acons::indices_t<1>{2});
    std::cout << "(2) " << v2 << "\n\n";
}

Output:

(1) [[12,13,14,15],[16,17,18,19],[20,21,22,23]]

(2) [14,18,22]

Creating ndarrays in managed shared memory with Boost interprocess allocators

#include <boost/interprocess/managed_shared_memory.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/containers/vector.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/allocator.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/containers/string.hpp>
#include <cstdlib> //std::system
#include <acons/ndarray.hpp>
#include <iostream>

typedef boost::interprocess::allocator<double,
        boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> shmem_allocator;

typedef acons::ndarray<double,2,acons::row_major,zero_based,shmem_allocator> ndarray_shm;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    typedef std::pair<double, int> MyType;

    if(argc == 1) //Parent process
    {  
       //Remove shared memory on construction and destruction
       struct shm_remove
       {
          shm_remove() { boost::interprocess::shared_memory_object::remove("MySharedMemory"); }
          ~shm_remove(){ boost::interprocess::shared_memory_object::remove("MySharedMemory"); }
       } 
       remover;

       //Construct managed shared memory
       boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory segment(boost::interprocess::create_only, 
                                                          "MySharedMemory", 65536);

       //Initialize shared memory STL-compatible allocator
       const shmem_allocator allocator(segment.get_segment_manager());

       // Create ndarray with all dynamic allocations in shared memory
       ndarray_shm* pA = segment.construct<ndarray_shm>("my ndarray")(std::allocator_arg, allocator, 2, 2, 0.0);
       ndarray_shm& a = *pA;

       a(0,0) = 0;
       a(0,1) = 1;
       a(1,0) = 2;
       a(1,1) = 3;

       std::pair<ndarray_shm*, boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::size_type> res;
       res = segment.find<ndarray_shm>("my ndarray");

       std::cout << "Parent process:\n";
       std::cout << *(res.first) << "\n";

       //Launch child process
       std::string s(argv[0]); s += " child ";
       if(0 != std::system(s.c_str()))
          return 1;

       //Check child has destroyed all objects
       if(segment.find<MyType>("my ndarray").first)
          return 1;
    }
    else
    {
       //Open managed shared memory
       boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory segment(boost::interprocess::open_only, 
                                                          "MySharedMemory");

       std::pair<ndarray_shm*, boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::size_type> res;
       res = segment.find<ndarray_shm>("my ndarray");

       if (res.first != nullptr)
       {
           std::cout << "\nChild process:\n";
           std::cout << *(res.first) << "\n";
       }
       else
       {
           std::cout << "Result is null\n";
       }

       //We're done, delete all the objects
       segment.destroy<ndarray_shm>("my ndarray");
    }
}

Output:

Parent process:
[[0,1],[2,3]]

Child process:
[[0,1],[2,3]]