Introduce exponential backoff when IDE reconnects with backend

[wdanilo]

This task is automatically imported from the old Task Issue Board and it was originally created by Hubert Plociniczak.
Original issue is here.

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Currently if we kill backend (LS), IDE will keep on trying to reconnect at the same rate which is not particularly useful. Neither is the message Connection to the backend has been lost. Please try restarting IDE.

We should:

• apply gmail strategy which uses exponential backoff to reconnect in case of failure
• update the message with the information on when IDE would attempt to reconnect
• preferably provide a more visible error message at the top (gray on white is easy to miss)

Discussion thread: https://discord.com/channels/401396655599124480/1069912865261240371

[Frizi]

Depends on #5202. Once the reconnection procedure itself is implemented, adding exponential backoff should be purely IDE side modification.

[farmaazon]

Superseded by #8520