Add darts exercise

config.json

@@ -632,6 +632,14 @@
         "practices": [],
         "prerequisites": [],
         "difficulty": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "slug": "darts",
+        "name": "Darts",
+        "uuid": "ca06677d-7c20-41e7-be7f-13733ed93645",
+        "practices": [],
+        "prerequisites": [],
+        "difficulty": 1
       }
     ]
   },

exercises/practice/darts/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Instructions
+
+Write a function that returns the earned points in a single toss of a Darts game.
+
+[Darts][darts] is a game where players throw darts at a [target][darts-target].
+
+In our particular instance of the game, the target rewards 4 different amounts of points, depending on where the dart lands:
+
+- If the dart lands outside the target, player earns no points (0 points).
+- If the dart lands in the outer circle of the target, player earns 1 point.
+- If the dart lands in the middle circle of the target, player earns 5 points.
+- If the dart lands in the inner circle of the target, player earns 10 points.
+
+The outer circle has a radius of 10 units (this is equivalent to the total radius for the entire target), the middle circle a radius of 5 units, and the inner circle a radius of 1.
+Of course, they are all centered at the same point — that is, the circles are [concentric][] defined by the coordinates (0, 0).
+
+Write a function that given a point in the target (defined by its [Cartesian coordinates][cartesian-coordinates] `x` and `y`, where `x` and `y` are [real][real-numbers]), returns the correct amount earned by a dart landing at that point.
+
+[darts]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darts
+[darts-target]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darts#/media/File:Darts_in_a_dartboard.jpg
+[concentric]: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/ConcentricCircles.html
+[cartesian-coordinates]: https://www.mathsisfun.com/data/cartesian-coordinates.html
+[real-numbers]: https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/real-numbers.html

exercises/practice/darts/.meta/config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "authors": [
+    "m-dango"
+  ],
+  "files": {
+    "solution": [
+      "Darts.pm"
+    ],
+    "test": [
+      "darts.t"
+    ],
+    "example": [
+      ".meta/solutions/Darts.pm"
+    ]
+  },
+  "blurb": "Write a function that returns the earned points in a single toss of a Darts game.",
+  "source": "Inspired by an exercise created by a professor Della Paolera in Argentina"
+}

exercises/practice/darts/.meta/solutions/Darts.pm

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package Darts;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use experimental qw<signatures postderef postderef_qq>;
+
+use Exporter qw<import>;
+our @EXPORT_OK = qw<score_dart>;
+
+sub score_dart ( $x, $y ) {
+    my $sqrt = sqrt $x**2 + $y**2;
+
+    return 10 if $sqrt <= 1;
+    return 5  if $sqrt <= 5;
+    return 1  if $sqrt <= 10;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+1;

exercises/practice/darts/.meta/solutions/darts.t

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../darts.t

exercises/practice/darts/.meta/template-data.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+subs: score_dart
+properties:
+  score:
+    test: |-
+      use Data::Dmp;
+      sprintf(<<'END', map {dmp $_} $case->{input}->@{qw<x y>}, $case->@{qw<expected description>});
+      is(
+          score_dart( %s, %s ),
+          %s,
+          %s,
+      );
+      END
+
+
+example: |-
+  sub score_dart ( $x, $y ) {
+      my $sqrt = sqrt $x ** 2 + $y ** 2;
+
+      return 10 if $sqrt <=  1;
+      return  5 if $sqrt <=  5;
+      return  1 if $sqrt <= 10;
+      return  0;
+  }
+
+stub: |-
+  sub score_dart ( $x, $y ) {
+  }

exercises/practice/darts/.meta/tests.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# This is an auto-generated file.
+#
+# Regenerating this file via `configlet sync` will:
+# - Recreate every `description` key/value pair
+# - Recreate every `reimplements` key/value pair, where they exist in problem-specifications
+# - Remove any `include = true` key/value pair (an omitted `include` key implies inclusion)
+# - Preserve any other key/value pair
+#
+# As user-added comments (using the # character) will be removed when this file
+# is regenerated, comments can be added via a `comment` key.
+
+[9033f731-0a3a-4d9c-b1c0-34a1c8362afb]
+description = "Missed target"
+
+[4c9f6ff4-c489-45fd-be8a-1fcb08b4d0ba]
+description = "On the outer circle"
+
+[14378687-ee58-4c9b-a323-b089d5274be8]
+description = "On the middle circle"
+
+[849e2e63-85bd-4fed-bc3b-781ae962e2c9]
+description = "On the inner circle"
+
+[1c5ffd9f-ea66-462f-9f06-a1303de5a226]
+description = "Exactly on center"
+
+[b65abce3-a679-4550-8115-4b74bda06088]
+description = "Near the center"
+
+[66c29c1d-44f5-40cf-9927-e09a1305b399]
+description = "Just within the inner circle"
+
+[d1012f63-c97c-4394-b944-7beb3d0b141a]
+description = "Just outside the inner circle"
+
+[ab2b5666-b0b4-49c3-9b27-205e790ed945]
+description = "Just within the middle circle"
+
+[70f1424e-d690-4860-8caf-9740a52c0161]
+description = "Just outside the middle circle"
+
+[a7dbf8db-419c-4712-8a7f-67602b69b293]
+description = "Just within the outer circle"
+
+[e0f39315-9f9a-4546-96e4-a9475b885aa7]
+description = "Just outside the outer circle"
+
+[045d7d18-d863-4229-818e-b50828c75d19]
+description = "Asymmetric position between the inner and middle circles"

exercises/practice/darts/Darts.pm

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package Darts;
+
+use v5.38;
+
+use Exporter qw<import>;
+our @EXPORT_OK = qw<score_dart>;
+
+sub score_dart ( $x, $y ) {
+}

exercises/practice/darts/darts.t

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+use Test2::V0;
+
+use FindBin qw<$Bin>;
+use lib $Bin, "$Bin/local/lib/perl5";
+
+use Darts qw<score_dart>;
+
+is( # begin: 9033f731-0a3a-4d9c-b1c0-34a1c8362afb
+    score_dart( -9, 9 ),
+    0,
+    "Missed target",
+); # end: 9033f731-0a3a-4d9c-b1c0-34a1c8362afb
+
+is( # begin: 4c9f6ff4-c489-45fd-be8a-1fcb08b4d0ba
+    score_dart( 0, 10 ),
+    1,
+    "On the outer circle",
+); # end: 4c9f6ff4-c489-45fd-be8a-1fcb08b4d0ba
+
+is( # begin: 14378687-ee58-4c9b-a323-b089d5274be8
+    score_dart( -5, 0 ),
+    5,
+    "On the middle circle",
+); # end: 14378687-ee58-4c9b-a323-b089d5274be8
+
+is( # begin: 849e2e63-85bd-4fed-bc3b-781ae962e2c9
+    score_dart( 0, -1 ),
+    10,
+    "On the inner circle",
+); # end: 849e2e63-85bd-4fed-bc3b-781ae962e2c9
+
+is( # begin: 1c5ffd9f-ea66-462f-9f06-a1303de5a226
+    score_dart( 0, 0 ),
+    10,
+    "Exactly on center",
+); # end: 1c5ffd9f-ea66-462f-9f06-a1303de5a226
+
+is( # begin: b65abce3-a679-4550-8115-4b74bda06088
+    score_dart( -0.1, -0.1 ),
+    10,
+    "Near the center",
+); # end: b65abce3-a679-4550-8115-4b74bda06088
+
+is( # begin: 66c29c1d-44f5-40cf-9927-e09a1305b399
+    score_dart( 0.7, 0.7 ),
+    10,
+    "Just within the inner circle",
+); # end: 66c29c1d-44f5-40cf-9927-e09a1305b399
+
+is( # begin: d1012f63-c97c-4394-b944-7beb3d0b141a
+    score_dart( 0.8, -0.8 ),
+    5,
+    "Just outside the inner circle",
+); # end: d1012f63-c97c-4394-b944-7beb3d0b141a
+
+is( # begin: ab2b5666-b0b4-49c3-9b27-205e790ed945
+    score_dart( -3.5, 3.5 ),
+    5,
+    "Just within the middle circle",
+); # end: ab2b5666-b0b4-49c3-9b27-205e790ed945
+
+is( # begin: 70f1424e-d690-4860-8caf-9740a52c0161
+    score_dart( -3.6, -3.6 ),
+    1,
+    "Just outside the middle circle",
+); # end: 70f1424e-d690-4860-8caf-9740a52c0161
+
+is( # begin: a7dbf8db-419c-4712-8a7f-67602b69b293
+    score_dart( -7, 7 ),
+    1,
+    "Just within the outer circle",
+); # end: a7dbf8db-419c-4712-8a7f-67602b69b293
+
+is( # begin: e0f39315-9f9a-4546-96e4-a9475b885aa7
+    score_dart( 7.1, -7.1 ),
+    0,
+    "Just outside the outer circle",
+); # end: e0f39315-9f9a-4546-96e4-a9475b885aa7
+
+is( # begin: 045d7d18-d863-4229-818e-b50828c75d19
+    score_dart( 0.5, -4 ),
+    5,
+    "Asymmetric position between the inner and middle circles",
+); # end: 045d7d18-d863-4229-818e-b50828c75d19
+
+done_testing;