Prometheus Native Histogram support phase1

[krajorama]

Basic Support Prometheus Native Histograms

Include Native Histogram support that was recently added to Prometheus in prometheus/prometheus#11447

Describe the solution you'd like

Mimir to support ingestion and query of native histograms the same way as Prometheus.

Scope: able to ingest integer and float native histograms and query them back. Do not degrade existing float metrics performance.

Out of scope: recording rules resulting in native histograms, query sharding, optimization (see phase 2 : #4173 )

Describe alternatives you've considered

N/A

PR Numbers for changelog later

#4286 #4352 #4354 #4376 #4377 #4387 #4396 #4425 #4442 #4494 #4512 #4513

Additional context

Presentations (there are more, just picking two recent ones from PromCon 2022):
Native histograms in Prometheus
PromQL for native histograms

Tasks

Beta Give feedback

1. Update the sparsehistogram branch with latest mimir-prometheus #3498
   squad/customer +1
   
2. Add tests for mimir additions w.r.t. native histograms mimir-prometheus#365
   squad/customer +1
   
3. Update prometheus/exporter-toolkit to v0.8.2 and gRPC to 1.47 weaveworks/common#262
   +0
4. If distributor receives a float and a histogram for the same timestamp keep only the histogram
5. api client: Support native histograms prometheus/client_golang#1179
   keep-open +1
6. Add integration tests for native histograms for ingestion and queries #3713
   squad/customer +1
   
7. Add integration tests for native histograms in compactor #3714
   squad/customer +1
   
8. Add integration test to verify ingestion of mixed float-histogram series #3715
   squad/customer +1
   
9. Restore mimirpb.FromPointsToSamples performance #3738
   +0
   
10. Add unit tests for pkg/storage/chunk/prometheus_chunk.go #3767
    squad/customer +1
    
11. Let chunk_merge_iterator.go handle non float chunks #4158
    +0
12. update tools/tsdb-chunks to be able to print histograms #3944
    +0
    
13. update toos/tsdb-index-health to support histograms #3947
    +0
    
14. update tools/tsdb-print-chunks to support histograms #3949
    +0
    
15. Add per tenant limit flag for accepting native histograms #3958
    +0
    
16. Add test to check that splitting by time middleware works with native histograms #3980
    +0
    
17. Disable query sharding when tenant accepts native histograms #3981
    +0
    
18. Merge write path support to Mimir main
19. Merge read path support to Mimir main - might need further breakdown
20. Enable ingester and store-gateway to return native histogram samples and chunks to read path #4176
    +0
21. Rename GenericSamplePair.GetTimestampVal to not include Val #4191
    +0
    
22. Add test in pkg/querier/distributor_queryable_test.go to check case of float values and histograms in same series #4405
    +0