Replacement for cell magic with tab-completion

holoviews/core/dimension.py

@@ -1156,7 +1156,9 @@ def __unicode__(self):
     def __call__(self, options=None, **kwargs):
         if config.warn_options_call:
             self.warning('Use of __call__ to set options will be deprecated '
-                         'in future. Use the equivalent opts method instead.')
+                         'in future. Use the equivalent opts method or use '
+                         'the recommended .options method instead.')
+
         return self.opts(options, **kwargs)
 
     def opts(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
@@ -1225,7 +1227,7 @@ def opts(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
         return obj
 
 
-    def options(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
+    def options(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         Applies options on an object or nested group of objects in a
         flat format returning a new object with the options
@@ -1246,15 +1248,26 @@ def options(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
         If no options are supplied all options on the object will be reset.
         Disabling clone will modify the object inplace.
         """
-        if isinstance(options, basestring):
-            options = {options: kwargs}
-        elif options and kwargs:
+        backend = kwargs.pop('backend', None)
+        clone = kwargs.pop('clone', True)
+
+        if len(args) == 0 and len(kwargs)==0:
+            options = None
+        elif args and isinstance(args[0], basestring):
+            options = {args[0]: kwargs}
+        elif args and isinstance(args[0], list):
+            if kwargs:
+                raise ValueError('Please specify a list of option objects, or kwargs, but not both')
+            options = args[0]
+        elif args and kwargs:
             raise ValueError("Options must be defined in one of two formats."
                              "Either supply keywords defining the options for "
                              "the current object, e.g. obj.options(cmap='viridis'), "
                              "or explicitly define the type, e.g."
                              "obj.options({'Image': {'cmap': 'viridis'}})."
                              "Supplying both formats is not supported.")
+        elif args:
+            options = list(args)
         elif kwargs:
             options = {type(self).__name__: kwargs}
 

holoviews/core/options.py

@@ -392,6 +392,8 @@ class Options(param.Parameterized):
        skipping over invalid keywords or not. May only be specified at
        the class level.""")
 
+    _option_groups = ['style', 'plot', 'norm']
+
     def __init__(self, key=None, allowed_keywords=[], merge_keywords=True, max_cycles=None, **kwargs):
 
         invalid_kws = []
@@ -402,6 +404,10 @@ def __init__(self, key=None, allowed_keywords=[], merge_keywords=True, max_cycle
                 else:
                     raise OptionError(kwarg, allowed_keywords)
 
+        if key and key[0].islower() and key not in self._option_groups:
+            raise Exception('Key %s does not start with a capitalized element class name and is not a group in %s'
+                            % (repr(key), ', '.join(repr(el) for el in self._option_groups)))
+
         for invalid_kw in invalid_kws:
             error = OptionError(invalid_kw, allowed_keywords, group_name=key)
             StoreOptions.record_skipped_option(error)
@@ -495,8 +501,14 @@ def options(self):
 
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        kws = ', '.join("%s=%r" % (k,v) for (k,v) in self.kwargs.items())
-        return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__,  kws)
+        kws = ', '.join("%s=%r" % (k,self.kwargs[k]) for k in sorted(self.kwargs.keys()))
+
+        if self.key and self.key[0].isupper() and kws:
+            return "%s(%s, %s)" % (self.__class__.__name__,  repr(self.key), kws)
+        elif self.key and self.key[0].isupper():
+            return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__,  repr(self.key))
+        else:
+            return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__,  kws)
 
     def __str__(self):
         return repr(self)
@@ -617,6 +629,9 @@ def __setattr__(self, identifier, val):
             group_items = val
         elif isinstance(val, Options) and val.key is None:
             raise AttributeError("Options object needs to have a group name specified.")
+        elif isinstance(val, Options) and val.key[0].isupper():
+            raise AttributeError("OptionTree only accepts Options using keys that are one of %s." %
+                                 ', '.join(repr(el) for el in Options._option_groups))
         elif isinstance(val, Options):
             group_items = {val.key: val}
         elif isinstance(val, OptionTree):
@@ -1052,6 +1067,15 @@ class Store(object):
 
     current_backend = 'matplotlib'
 
+    _backend_switch_hooks = []
+
+    @classmethod
+    def set_current_backend(cls, backend):
+        "Use this method to set the backend to run the switch hooks"
+        for hook in cls._backend_switch_hooks:
+            hook(backend)
+        cls.current_backend = backend
+
     @classmethod
     def options(cls, backend=None, val=None):
         backend = cls.current_backend if backend is None else backend

holoviews/core/spaces.py

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def opts(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
         return self.clone(data)
 
 
-    def options(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
+    def options(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         Applies options on an object or nested group of objects in a
         flat format returning a new object with the options
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ def options(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
         If no options are supplied all options on the object will be reset.
         Disabling clone will modify the object inplace.
         """
-        data = OrderedDict([(k, v.options(options, backend, clone, **kwargs))
+        data = OrderedDict([(k, v.options(*args, **kwargs))
                              for k, v in self.data.items()])
         return self.clone(data)
 
@@ -946,7 +946,7 @@ def opts(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
         return dmap
 
 
-    def options(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
+    def options(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         Applies options on an object or nested group of objects in a
         flat format returning a new object with the options
@@ -968,17 +968,18 @@ def options(self, options=None, backend=None, clone=True, **kwargs):
         Disabling clone will modify the object inplace.
         """
         from ..util import Dynamic
+        clone = kwargs.get('clone', True)
+
         obj = self if clone else self.clone()
-        dmap = Dynamic(obj, operation=lambda obj, **dynkwargs: obj.options(options, backend,
-                                                                           clone, **kwargs),
+        dmap = Dynamic(obj, operation=lambda obj, **dynkwargs: obj.options(*args, **kwargs),
                        streams=self.streams, link_inputs=True)
         if not clone:
             with util.disable_constant(self):
                 self.callback = dmap.callback
             self.callback.inputs[:] = [obj]
             obj.callback.inputs[:] = []
             dmap = self
-        dmap.data = OrderedDict([(k, v.options(options, backend, **kwargs))
+        dmap.data = OrderedDict([(k, v.options(*args, **kwargs))
                                  for k, v in self.data.items()])
         return dmap
 

holoviews/core/util.py

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class Config(param.ParameterizedFunction):
        Switch to the default style options used up to (and including)
        the HoloViews 1.7 release.""")
 
-    warn_options_call = param.Boolean(default=False, doc="""
+    warn_options_call = param.Boolean(default=True, doc="""
        Whether to warn when the deprecated __call__ options syntax is
        used (the opts method should now be used instead). It is
        recommended that users switch this on to update any uses of
@@ -144,6 +144,31 @@ def default(self, obj):
             return id(obj)
 
 
+def merge_option_dicts(old_opts, new_opts):
+    """
+    Update the old_opts option dictionary with the options defined in
+    new_opts. Instead of a shallow update as would be performed by calling
+    old_opts.update(new_opts), this updates the dictionaries of all option
+    types separately.
+
+    Given two dictionaries
+        old_opts = {'a': {'x': 'old', 'y': 'old'}}
+    and
+        new_opts = {'a': {'y': 'new', 'z': 'new'}, 'b': {'k': 'new'}}
+    this returns a dictionary
+        {'a': {'x': 'old', 'y': 'new', 'z': 'new'}, 'b': {'k': 'new'}}
+    """
+    merged = dict(old_opts)
+
+    for option_type, options in new_opts.items():
+        if option_type not in merged:
+            merged[option_type] = {}
+
+        merged[option_type].update(options)
+
+    return merged
+
+
 class periodic(Thread):
     """
     Run a callback count times with a given period without blocking.

holoviews/plotting/bokeh/__init__.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 Store.renderers['bokeh'] = BokehRenderer.instance()
 
 if len(Store.renderers) == 1:
-    Store.current_backend = 'bokeh'
+    Store.set_current_backend('bokeh')
 
 associations = {Overlay: OverlayPlot,
                 NdOverlay: OverlayPlot,

holoviews/plotting/mpl/__init__.py

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def get_color_cycle():
 Store.renderers['matplotlib'] = MPLRenderer.instance()
 
 if len(Store.renderers) == 1:
-    Store.current_backend = 'matplotlib'
+    Store.set_current_backend('matplotlib')
 
 # Defines a wrapper around GridPlot and RasterGridPlot
 # switching to RasterGridPlot if the plot only contains

holoviews/plotting/plotly/__init__.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 Store.renderers['plotly'] = PlotlyRenderer.instance()
 
 if len(Store.renderers) == 1:
-    Store.current_backend = 'plotly'
+    Store.set_current_backend('plotly')
 
 Store.register({Points: PointPlot,
                 Scatter: PointPlot,