apiserver.go

/*
Copyright 2014 Google Inc. All rights reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package apiserver

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"path"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/admission"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/api"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/api/meta"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/healthz"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/runtime"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/util"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/util/errors"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/version"

	"github.com/emicklei/go-restful"
	"github.com/golang/glog"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
)

var (
	// TODO(a-robinson): Add unit tests for the handling of these metrics once
	// the upstream library supports it.
	requestCounter = prometheus.NewCounterVec(
		prometheus.CounterOpts{
			Name: "apiserver_request_count",
			Help: "Counter of apiserver requests broken out for each request handler, verb, API resource, and HTTP response code.",
		},
		[]string{"handler", "verb", "resource", "code"},
	)
	requestLatencies = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(
		prometheus.HistogramOpts{
			Name: "apiserver_request_latencies",
			Help: "Response latency distribution in microseconds for each request handler and verb.",
			// Use buckets ranging from 125 ms to 8 seconds.
			Buckets: prometheus.ExponentialBuckets(125000, 2.0, 7),
		},
		[]string{"handler", "verb"},
	)
)

func init() {
	prometheus.MustRegister(requestCounter)
	prometheus.MustRegister(requestLatencies)
}

// monitor is a helper function for each HTTP request handler to use for
// instrumenting basic request counter and latency metrics.
func monitor(handler string, verb, resource *string, httpCode *int, reqStart time.Time) {
	requestCounter.WithLabelValues(handler, *verb, *resource, strconv.Itoa(*httpCode)).Inc()
	requestLatencies.WithLabelValues(handler, *verb).Observe(float64((time.Since(reqStart)) / time.Microsecond))
}

// monitorFilter creates a filter that reports the metrics for a given resource and action.
func monitorFilter(action, resource string) restful.FilterFunction {
	return func(req *restful.Request, res *restful.Response, chain *restful.FilterChain) {
		reqStart := time.Now()
		chain.ProcessFilter(req, res)
		httpCode := res.StatusCode()
		monitor("rest", &action, &resource, &httpCode, reqStart)
	}
}

// mux is an object that can register http handlers.
type Mux interface {
	Handle(pattern string, handler http.Handler)
	HandleFunc(pattern string, handler func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request))
}

// APIGroupVersion is a helper for exposing RESTStorage objects as http.Handlers via go-restful
// It handles URLs of the form:
// /${storage_key}[/${object_name}]
// Where 'storage_key' points to a RESTStorage object stored in storage.
type APIGroupVersion struct {
	Storage map[string]RESTStorage

	Root    string
	Version string

	Mapper meta.RESTMapper

	Codec   runtime.Codec
	Typer   runtime.ObjectTyper
	Creater runtime.ObjectCreater
	Linker  runtime.SelfLinker

	Admit   admission.Interface
	Context api.RequestContextMapper
}

// InstallREST registers the REST handlers (storage, watch, proxy and redirect) into a restful Container.
// It is expected that the provided path root prefix will serve all operations. Root MUST NOT end
// in a slash. A restful WebService is created for the group and version.
func (g *APIGroupVersion) InstallREST(container *restful.Container) error {
	info := &APIRequestInfoResolver{util.NewStringSet(strings.TrimPrefix(g.Root, "/")), g.Mapper}

	prefix := path.Join(g.Root, g.Version)
	installer := &APIInstaller{
		group:  g,
		info:   info,
		prefix: prefix,
	}
	ws, registrationErrors := installer.Install()
	container.Add(ws)
	return errors.NewAggregate(registrationErrors)
}

// TODO: Convert to go-restful
func InstallValidator(mux Mux, servers func() map[string]Server) {
	validator, err := NewValidator(servers)
	if err != nil {
		glog.Errorf("failed to set up validator: %v", err)
		return
	}
	if validator != nil {
		mux.Handle("/validate", validator)
	}
}

// TODO: document all handlers
// InstallSupport registers the APIServer support functions
func InstallSupport(mux Mux, ws *restful.WebService) {
	// TODO: convert healthz and metrics to restful and remove container arg
	healthz.InstallHandler(mux)
	mux.Handle("/metrics", prometheus.Handler())

	// Set up a service to return the git code version.
	ws.Path("/version")
	ws.Doc("git code version from which this is built")
	ws.Route(
		ws.GET("/").To(handleVersion).
			Doc("get the code version").
			Operation("getCodeVersion").
			Produces(restful.MIME_JSON).
			Consumes(restful.MIME_JSON))
}

// InstallLogsSupport registers the APIServer log support function into a mux.
func InstallLogsSupport(mux Mux) {
	// TODO: use restful: ws.Route(ws.GET("/logs/{logpath:*}").To(fileHandler))
	// See github.com/emicklei/go-restful/blob/master/examples/restful-serve-static.go
	mux.Handle("/logs/", http.StripPrefix("/logs/", http.FileServer(http.Dir("/var/log/"))))
}

// Adds a service to return the supported api versions.
func AddApiWebService(container *restful.Container, apiPrefix string, versions []string) {
	// TODO: InstallREST should register each version automatically

	versionHandler := APIVersionHandler(versions[:]...)
	ws := new(restful.WebService)
	ws.Path(apiPrefix)
	ws.Doc("get available API versions")
	ws.Route(ws.GET("/").To(versionHandler).
		Doc("get available API versions").
		Operation("getAPIVersions").
		Produces(restful.MIME_JSON).
		Consumes(restful.MIME_JSON))
	container.Add(ws)
}

// handleVersion writes the server's version information.
func handleVersion(req *restful.Request, resp *restful.Response) {
	// TODO: use restful's Response methods
	writeRawJSON(http.StatusOK, version.Get(), resp.ResponseWriter)
}

// APIVersionHandler returns a handler which will list the provided versions as available.
func APIVersionHandler(versions ...string) restful.RouteFunction {
	return func(req *restful.Request, resp *restful.Response) {
		// TODO: use restful's Response methods
		writeRawJSON(http.StatusOK, api.APIVersions{Versions: versions}, resp.ResponseWriter)
	}
}

// writeJSON renders an object as JSON to the response.
func writeJSON(statusCode int, codec runtime.Codec, object runtime.Object, w http.ResponseWriter) {
	output, err := codec.Encode(object)
	if err != nil {
		errorJSONFatal(err, codec, w)
		return
	}
	// PR #2243: Pretty-print JSON by default.
	formatted := &bytes.Buffer{}
	err = json.Indent(formatted, output, "", "  ")
	if err != nil {
		errorJSONFatal(err, codec, w)
		return
	}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.WriteHeader(statusCode)
	w.Write(formatted.Bytes())
}

// errorJSON renders an error to the response. Returns the HTTP status code of the error.
func errorJSON(err error, codec runtime.Codec, w http.ResponseWriter) int {
	status := errToAPIStatus(err)
	writeJSON(status.Code, codec, status, w)
	return status.Code
}

// errorJSONFatal renders an error to the response, and if codec fails will render plaintext.
// Returns the HTTP status code of the error.
func errorJSONFatal(err error, codec runtime.Codec, w http.ResponseWriter) int {
	util.HandleError(fmt.Errorf("apiserver was unable to write a JSON response: %v", err))
	status := errToAPIStatus(err)
	output, err := codec.Encode(status)
	if err != nil {
		w.WriteHeader(status.Code)
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s: %s", status.Reason, status.Message)
		return status.Code
	}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.WriteHeader(status.Code)
	w.Write(output)
	return status.Code
}

// writeRawJSON writes a non-API object in JSON.
func writeRawJSON(statusCode int, object interface{}, w http.ResponseWriter) {
	output, err := json.MarshalIndent(object, "", "  ")
	if err != nil {
		http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.WriteHeader(statusCode)
	w.Write(output)
}

func parseTimeout(str string) time.Duration {
	if str != "" {
		timeout, err := time.ParseDuration(str)
		if err == nil {
			return timeout
		}
		glog.Errorf("Failed to parse %q: %v", str, err)
	}
	// TODO: change back to 30s once #5180 is fixed
	return 2 * time.Minute
}

func readBody(req *http.Request) ([]byte, error) {
	defer req.Body.Close()
	return ioutil.ReadAll(req.Body)
}

// splitPath returns the segments for a URL path.
func splitPath(path string) []string {
	path = strings.Trim(path, "/")
	if path == "" {
		return []string{}
	}
	return strings.Split(path, "/")
}