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pytest-httpbin

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httpbin is an amazing web service for testing HTTP libraries. It has several great endpoints that can test pretty much everything you need in a HTTP library. The only problem is: maybe you don't want to wait for your tests to travel across the Internet and back to make assertions against a remote web service (speed), and maybe you want to work offline (convenience).

Enter pytest-httpbin. Pytest-httpbin creates a pytest fixture that is dependency-injected into your tests. It automatically starts up a HTTP server in a separate thread running httpbin and provides your test with the URL in the fixture. Check out this example:

def test_that_my_library_works_kinda_ok(httpbin):
    assert requests.get(httpbin.url + '/get').status_code == 200

This replaces a test that might have looked like this before:

def test_that_my_library_works_kinda_ok():
    assert requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get').status_code == 200

If you're making a lot of requests to httpbin, it can radically speed up your tests.

demo

HTTPS support

pytest-httpbin also supports HTTPS:

def test_that_my_library_works_kinda_ok(httpbin_secure):
    assert requests.get(httpbin_secure.url + '/get/').status_code == 200

It's actually starting 2 web servers in separate threads in the background: one HTTP and one HTTPS. The servers are started on a random port (see below for fixed port support), on the loopback interface on your machine. Pytest-httpbin includes a self-signed certificate. If your library verifies certificates against a CA (and it should), you'll have to add the CA from pytest-httpbin. The path to the pytest-httpbin CA bundle can by found like this python -m pytest_httpbin.certs.

For example in requests, you can set the REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE python path. You can run your tests like this:

REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE=`python -m pytest_httpbin.certs` py.test tests/

API of the injected object

The injected object has the following attributes:

  • url
  • port
  • host

and the following methods:

  • join(string): Returns the results of calling urlparse.urljoin with the url from the injected server automatically applied as the first argument. You supply the second argument

Also, I defined __add__ on the object to append to httpbin.url. This means you can do stuff like httpbin + '/get' instead of httpbin.url + '/get'.

Testing both HTTP and HTTPS endpoints with one test

If you ever find yourself needing to test both the http and https version of and endpoint, you can use the httpbin_both funcarg like this:

def test_that_my_library_works_kinda_ok(httpbin_both):
    assert requests.get(httpbin_both.url + '/get/').status_code == 200

Through the magic of pytest parametrization, this function will actually execute twice: once with an http url and once with an https url.

Using pytest-httpbin with unittest-style test cases

I have provided 2 additional fixtures to make testing with class-based tests easier. I have also provided a couple decorators that provide some syntactic sugar around the pytest method of adding the fixtures to class-based tests. Just add the use_class_based_httpbin and/or use_class_based_httpbin_secure class decorators to your class, and then you can access httpbin using self.httpbin and self.httpbin_secure.

import pytest_httpbin

@pytest_httpbin.use_class_based_httpbin
@pytest_httpbin.use_class_based_httpbin_secure
class TestClassBassedTests(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_http(self):
        assert requests.get(self.httpbin.url + '/get').response

    def test_http_secure(self):
        assert requests.get(self.httpbin_secure.url + '/get').response

Running the server on fixed port

Sometimes a randomized port can be a problem. Worry not, you can fix the port number to a desired value with the HTTPBIN_HTTP_PORT and HTTPBIN_HTTPS_PORT environment variables. If those are defined during pytest plugins are loaded, httbin and httpbin_secure fixtures will run on given ports. You can run your tests like this:

HTTPBIN_HTTP_PORT=8080 HTTPBIN_HTTPS_PORT=8443 py.test tests/

Installation

PyPI Version Supported Versions

To install from PyPI, all you need to do is this:

pip install pytest-httpbin

and your tests executed by pytest all will have access to the httpbin and httpbin_secure funcargs. Cool right?

Support and dependencies

pytest-httpbin supports Python 3.8+, and pypy. It will automatically install httpbin and flask when you install it from PyPI.

httpbin itself does not support python 2.6 as of version 0.6.0, when the Flask-common dependency was added. If you need python 2.6 support pin the httpbin version to 0.5.0

Running the pytest-httpbin test suite

If you want to run pytest-httpbin's test suite, you'll need to install requests and pytest, and then use the ./runtests.sh script.

pip install pytest
./runtests.sh

Also, you can use tox to run the tests on all supported python versions:

pip install tox
tox

Changelog

  • 2.1.0
    • Drop support for Python 3.7 (#85)
    • Test against PyPy 3.10 (#77)
    • Add support for CPython 3.13 by regenerating the bundled certificates (#90)
    • Fix an issue where secure POST requests would fail with a connection reset by peer (#90)
    • Include a LICENCE
  • 2.0.0
    • Drop support for Python 2.6, 2.7, 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6 (#68)
    • Add support for Python 3.7, 3.8, 3.9 and 3.10 (#68)
    • Avoid deprecation warnings and resource warnings (#71)
    • Add support for Python 3.11 and 3.12, drop dependency on six (#76)
  • 1.0.2
    • Switch from travis to github actions
    • This will be the last release to support Python 2.6, 2.7 or 3.6
  • 1.0.1
    • httpbin_secure: fix redirect Location to have "https://" scheme (#62) - thanks @immerrr
    • Include regression tests in pypi tarball (#56) - thanks @kmosiejczuk
  • 1.0.0
    • Update included self-signed cert to include IP address in SAN (See #52). Full version bump because this could be a breaking change for those depending on the certificate missing the IP address in the SAN (as it seems the requests test suite does)
    • Only use @pytest.fixture decorator once (thanks @hroncok)
    • Fix a few README typos (thanks @hemberger)
  • 0.3.0
    • Allow to run httpbin on fixed port using environment variables (thanks @hroncok)
    • Allow server to be thread.join()ed (thanks @graingert)
    • Add support for Python 3.6 (thanks @graingert)
  • 0.2.3:
    • Another attempt to fix #32 (Rare bug, only happens on Travis)
  • 0.2.2:
    • Fix bug with python3
  • 0.2.1:
    • Attempt to fix strange, impossible-to-reproduce bug with broken SSL certs that only happens on Travis (#32) [Bad release, breaks py3]
  • 0.2.0:
    • Remove threaded HTTP server. I built it for Requests, but they deleted their threaded test since it didn't really work very well. The threaded server seems to cause some strange problems with HTTP chunking, so I'll just remove it since nobody is using it (I hope)
  • 0.1.1:
    • Fix weird hang with SSL on pypy (again)
  • 0.1.0:
    • Update server to use multithreaded werkzeug server
  • 0.0.7:
    • Update the certificates (they expired)
  • 0.0.6:
    • Fix an issue where pypy was hanging when a request was made with an invalid certificate
  • 0.0.5:
    • Fix broken version parsing in 0.0.4
  • 0.0.4:
    • Bad release: Broken version parsing
    • Fix BadStatusLine error that occurs when sending multiple requests in a single session (PR #16). Thanks @msabramo!
    • Fix #9 ("Can't be installed at the same time than pytest?") (PR #14). Thanks @msabramo!
    • Add httpbin_ca_bundle pytest fixture. With this fixture there is no need to specify the bundle on every request, as it will automatically set REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE if using requests. And you don't have to care about where it is located (PR #8). Thanks @t-8ch!
  • 0.0.3: Add a couple test fixtures to make testing old class-based test suites easier
  • 0.0.2: Fixed a couple bugs with the wsgiref server to bring behavior in line with httpbin.org, thanks @jakubroztocil for the bug reports
  • 0.0.1: Initial release

License

The MIT License (MIT)

Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Kevin McCarthy

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.