Binary package: Base module for binary analysis

[puerco]

What type of PR is this?

/kind feature

What this PR does / why we need it:

This commit initializes the new binary package which will house our new code for performing
verification and analysis of binary executables.

This first iteration adds the base implementations to open and extract data from the executable
headers of ELF (Linux), Mach-O (MacOS) and PE (Win) binaries.

The binary.Binary object has two methods:

• Arch() returns the GOARCH label obtained from analyzing a binary
• OS() returns the GOOS label that indicates the operating system of the binary

The object has a Header object which can be queried to get some platform-specific info. Currently
has one method: WordLength() which returns an integer (32/64) which will determine if the file is a
32 or 64 bit binary.i

Signed-off-by: Adolfo García Veytia (Puerco) adolfo.garcia@uservers.net

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Part of #1837
Part of the fix for #1521

Special notes for your reviewer:

Base scaffolding for the module. It currently has simple functionality which will get new features as the BOM work progresses

Example usage:

bin, err := binary.New("path/to/file.exe")
if err != nil {
	logrus.Fatal(err)
}
// Print the file arch and OS:
fmt.Printf("File is an executable for %s/%s\n", bin.OS(), bin.Arch())

Tests are included

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?

New `binary` module for analysis of executables. Initial functionality includes parsing of ELF, Mach-O and PE (win) executables to determine platform, OS, and wordlength (64/32 bit)

[saschagrunert]

/lgtm

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This pull-request has been approved by: puerco, saschagrunert

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