一、概述

DrawerLayout是一个可以方便的实现Android侧滑菜单的组件，我最近开发的项目中也有一个侧滑菜单的功能，于是DrawerLayout就派上用场了。如果你从未使用过DrawerLayout，那么本篇博客将使用一个简单的案例带你迅速掌握DrawerLayout的用法。

二、效果图

三、代码实现

主布局activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/white"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
        android:id="@+id/toolbar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@color/blueStatus"
        android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
        app:navigationIcon="?attr/homeAsUpIndicator"
        app:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.NoActionBar">

    </android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>


    <include layout="@layout/title_layout" />

    <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:openDrawer="start">

        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/listView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="260dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="right">

            <include layout="@layout/drawer_content" />
        </LinearLayout>
    </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
</LinearLayout>

To use a DrawerLayout, position your primary content view as the first child with a width and height of match_parent. Add drawers as child views after the main content view and set the layout_gravity appropriately. Drawers commonly use match_parent for height with a fixed width.

当你使用DrawerLayout的时候，DrawerLayout的第一个元素就是主要内容区域（在本案例中是ListView），它的宽高必须是match_parent。 在主要内容区域的后面添加侧滑视图（在本案例中是drawer_content.xml），并且通过设置layout_gravity来决定它是左滑还是右滑，通常这个侧滑视图的高度设为match_parent。

drawer_content.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:background="@color/background"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:padding="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin">

        <TextView
            style="@style/NormalTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:text="船中文名" />

        <EditText
            style="@style/SmallGreyTextView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_round_white"
            android:padding="@dimen/margin_8" />

        <TextView
            style="@style/NormalTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:text="船英文名" />

        <EditText
            style="@style/SmallGreyTextView"

            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_round_white"
            android:padding="@dimen/margin_8" />

        <TextView
            style="@style/NormalTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:text="呼号" />

        <EditText
            style="@style/SmallGreyTextView"

            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_round_white"
            android:padding="@dimen/margin_8" />

        <TextView
            style="@style/NormalTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:text="IMO" />

        <EditText
            style="@style/SmallGreyTextView"

            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_round_white"
            android:padding="@dimen/margin_8" />

        <TextView
            style="@style/NormalTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:text="MMSI" />

        <EditText
            style="@style/SmallGreyTextView"

            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_round_white"
            android:padding="@dimen/margin_8" />

        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1">

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn_confirm"
                style="@style/NormalGreyTextView"
                android:layout_width="80dp"
                android:layout_height="36dp"
                android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
                android:layout_centerInParent="true"
                android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
                android:background="@drawable/btn_round_red"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:text="查询"
                android:textColor="@color/white" />
        </RelativeLayout>
    </LinearLayout>

这个布局文件就是侧滑视图，如图：

MainActivity.java

package com.leohan.drawerlayoutdemo;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import butterknife.InjectView;
import butterknife.OnClick;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @InjectView(R.id.toolbar)
    Toolbar toolbar;
    @InjectView(R.id.tv_search)
    TextView tvSearch;
    @InjectView(R.id.listView)
    ListView listView;
    @InjectView(R.id.drawer_layout)
    DrawerLayout drawerLayout;

    private List data = new ArrayList();
    private ShipRecordAdapter adapter = new ShipRecordAdapter(this, data);

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.inject(this);

        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        getData();
    }


    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        if (drawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
            drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
        } else {
            super.onBackPressed();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取类别数据
     */
    private void getData() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
            data.add(map);
        }
        adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    @OnClick(R.id.tv_search)
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.tv_search:
                if (drawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(Gravity.RIGHT)) {
                    drawerLayout.closeDrawer(Gravity.RIGHT);
                } else {
                    drawerLayout.openDrawer(Gravity.RIGHT);
                }
                break;
        }
    }
}

由于这里的侧滑视图是从右侧滑动出现的，因此侧滑视图的layout_gravity设置为right或者end，如果是左滑就设置为left或者start。当我们手动控制侧滑视图的打开或者关闭的时候，需要执行以下代码：

//close
drawerLayout.closeDrawer(Gravity.RIGHT);
//open
drawerLayout.openDrawer(Gravity.RIGHT);

至此DrawerLayout的基本使用就已经掌握了，更深入的了解DrawerLayout，请参考Google官方文档Creating a Navigation Drawer。