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AssemblyTS Instructions Documentation

Registers

AssemblyTS utilizes registers for data storage and manipulation. The following registers are available:

Register Symbolic Name Description
x0 zero Fixed zero
x1 ra Return address
x2 sp Stack pointer
x3 gp Global pointer
x4 tp Thread pointer
x5-x7 t0-t2 Temporary registers
x8-x9 s0-s1 Saved registers
x10-x11 a0-a1 Function arguments and return values
x12-x17 a2-a7 Function arguments
x18-x27 s2-s11 Saved registers
x28-x31 t3-t6 Temporary registers

Both Register name and its Symbolic name can be used interchangeably.

Console Instructions

  • print: Print the value of a register to the console.
    • Syntax: print <register>
  • printm: Print the value stored in memory to the console. The value in the register serve as memory address.
    • Syntax: printm <register>

Register Operations

  • add: Add the values of two registers and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: add <destination_register>, <source_register1>, <source_register2>
  • sub: Subtract the value of one register from another and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: sub <destination_register>, <source_register1>, <source_register2>
  • and: Perform a bitwise AND operation between two registers and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: and <destination_register>, <source_register1>, <source_register2>
  • or: Perform a bitwise OR operation between two registers and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: or <destination_register>, <source_register1>, <source_register2>
  • xor: Perform a bitwise XOR operation between two registers and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: xor <destination_register>, <source_register1>, <source_register2>
  • sll: Perform a logical left shift operation on a register and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: sll <destination_register>, <source_register>, <shift_amount>
  • srl: Perform a logical right shift operation on a register and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: srl <destination_register>, <source_register>, <shift_amount>
  • sra: Perform an arithmetic right shift operation on a register and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: sra <destination_register>, <source_register>, <shift_amount>

Register Immediate Operations

  • addi: Add an immediate value to a register and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: addi <destination_register>, <source_register>, <immediate_value>
  • andi: Perform a bitwise AND operation between an immediate value and a register and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: andi <destination_register>, <source_register>, <immediate_value>
  • ori: Perform a bitwise OR operation between an immediate value and a register and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: ori <destination_register>, <source_register>, <immediate_value>
  • xori: Perform a bitwise XOR operation between an immediate value and a register and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: xori <destination_register>, <source_register>, <immediate_value>
  • slti: Set a register to 1 if it is less than an immediate value; otherwise, set it to 0.
    • Syntax: slti <destination_register>, <source_register>, <immediate_value>
  • sltiu: Set a register to 1 if it is less than an unsigned immediate value; otherwise, set it to 0.
    • Syntax: sltiu <destination_register>, <source_register>, <immediate_value>
  • slli: Perform a logical left shift operation on a register by an immediate value and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: slli <destination_register>, <source_register>, <shift_amount>
  • srli: Perform a logical right shift operation on a register by an immediate value and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: srli <destination_register>, <source_register>, <shift_amount>
  • srai: Perform an arithmetic right shift operation on a register by an immediate value and store the result in a destination register.
    • Syntax: srai <destination_register>, <source_register>, <shift_amount>

Branch Instructions

  • beq: Branch if two registers are equal.
    • Syntax: beq <register1>, <register2>, <offset>
  • bne: Branch if two registers are not equal.
    • Syntax: bne <register1>, <register2>, <offset>
  • blt: Branch if one register is less than another.
    • Syntax: blt <register1>, <register2>, <offset>
  • bge: Branch if one register is greater than or equal to another.
    • Syntax: bge <register1>, <register2>, <offset>
  • bgt: Branch if one register is greater than another.
    • Syntax: bgt <register1>, <register2>, <offset>
  • ble: Branch if one register is less than or equal to another.
    • Syntax: ble <register1>, <register2>, <offset>
  • bltu: Branch if one register is less than another (unsigned).
    • Syntax: bltu <register1>, <register2>, <offset>
  • bgeu: Branch if one register is greater than or equal to another (unsigned).
    • Syntax: bgeu <register1>, <register2>, <offset>

Memory Operations

  • lw: Load a word from memory into a register.
    • Syntax: lw <destination_register>, <offset>(<memory_address>)
  • sw: Store a word from a register into memory.
    • Syntax: sw <source_register>, <offset>(<memory_address>)

Register Loading Operations

  • li: Load an immediate value into a register.
    • Syntax: li <register>, <immediate_value>
  • lui: Load a 20-bit immediate value into the upper 20 bits of a register.
    • Syntax: lui <register>, <immediate_value>

Jump Operations

  • ret: Return from a subroutine.
    • Syntax: ret