UnrealBloomPass.js

import {
	AdditiveBlending,
	Color,
	HalfFloatType,
	MeshBasicMaterial,
	ShaderMaterial,
	UniformsUtils,
	Vector2,
	Vector3,
	WebGLRenderTarget
} from 'three';
import { Pass, FullScreenQuad } from './Pass.js';
import { CopyShader } from '../shaders/CopyShader.js';
import { LuminosityHighPassShader } from '../shaders/LuminosityHighPassShader.js';

/**
 * UnrealBloomPass is inspired by the bloom pass of Unreal Engine. It creates a
 * mip map chain of bloom textures and blurs them with different radii. Because
 * of the weighted combination of mips, and because larger blurs are done on
 * higher mips, this effect provides good quality and performance.
 *
 * Reference:
 * - https://docs.unrealengine.com/latest/INT/Engine/Rendering/PostProcessEffects/Bloom/
 */
class UnrealBloomPass extends Pass {

	constructor( resolution, strength, radius, threshold ) {

		super();

		this.strength = ( strength !== undefined ) ? strength : 1;
		this.radius = radius;
		this.threshold = threshold;
		this.resolution = ( resolution !== undefined ) ? new Vector2( resolution.x, resolution.y ) : new Vector2( 256, 256 );

		// create color only once here, reuse it later inside the render function
		this.clearColor = new Color( 0, 0, 0 );

		// render targets
		this.renderTargetsHorizontal = [];
		this.renderTargetsVertical = [];
		this.nMips = 5;
		let resx = Math.round( this.resolution.x / 2 );
		let resy = Math.round( this.resolution.y / 2 );

		this.renderTargetBright = new WebGLRenderTarget( resx, resy, { type: HalfFloatType } );
		this.renderTargetBright.texture.name = 'UnrealBloomPass.bright';
		this.renderTargetBright.texture.generateMipmaps = false;

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.nMips; i ++ ) {

			const renderTargetHorizonal = new WebGLRenderTarget( resx, resy, { type: HalfFloatType } );

			renderTargetHorizonal.texture.name = 'UnrealBloomPass.h' + i;
			renderTargetHorizonal.texture.generateMipmaps = false;

			this.renderTargetsHorizontal.push( renderTargetHorizonal );

			const renderTargetVertical = new WebGLRenderTarget( resx, resy, { type: HalfFloatType } );

			renderTargetVertical.texture.name = 'UnrealBloomPass.v' + i;
			renderTargetVertical.texture.generateMipmaps = false;

			this.renderTargetsVertical.push( renderTargetVertical );

			resx = Math.round( resx / 2 );

			resy = Math.round( resy / 2 );

		}

		// luminosity high pass material

		const highPassShader = LuminosityHighPassShader;
		this.highPassUniforms = UniformsUtils.clone( highPassShader.uniforms );

		this.highPassUniforms[ 'luminosityThreshold' ].value = threshold;
		this.highPassUniforms[ 'smoothWidth' ].value = 0.01;

		this.materialHighPassFilter = new ShaderMaterial( {
			uniforms: this.highPassUniforms,
			vertexShader: highPassShader.vertexShader,
			fragmentShader: highPassShader.fragmentShader
		} );

		// gaussian blur materials

		this.separableBlurMaterials = [];
		const kernelSizeArray = [ 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 ];
		resx = Math.round( this.resolution.x / 2 );
		resy = Math.round( this.resolution.y / 2 );

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.nMips; i ++ ) {

			this.separableBlurMaterials.push( this.getSeperableBlurMaterial( kernelSizeArray[ i ] ) );

			this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ].uniforms[ 'invSize' ].value = new Vector2( 1 / resx, 1 / resy );

			resx = Math.round( resx / 2 );

			resy = Math.round( resy / 2 );

		}

		// composite material

		this.compositeMaterial = this.getCompositeMaterial( this.nMips );
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'blurTexture1' ].value = this.renderTargetsVertical[ 0 ].texture;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'blurTexture2' ].value = this.renderTargetsVertical[ 1 ].texture;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'blurTexture3' ].value = this.renderTargetsVertical[ 2 ].texture;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'blurTexture4' ].value = this.renderTargetsVertical[ 3 ].texture;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'blurTexture5' ].value = this.renderTargetsVertical[ 4 ].texture;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'bloomStrength' ].value = strength;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'bloomRadius' ].value = 0.1;

		const bloomFactors = [ 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2 ];
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'bloomFactors' ].value = bloomFactors;
		this.bloomTintColors = [ new Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ), new Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ), new Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ), new Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ), new Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ];
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'bloomTintColors' ].value = this.bloomTintColors;

		// blend material

		const copyShader = CopyShader;

		this.copyUniforms = UniformsUtils.clone( copyShader.uniforms );

		this.blendMaterial = new ShaderMaterial( {
			uniforms: this.copyUniforms,
			vertexShader: copyShader.vertexShader,
			fragmentShader: copyShader.fragmentShader,
			blending: AdditiveBlending,
			depthTest: false,
			depthWrite: false,
			transparent: true
		} );

		this.enabled = true;
		this.needsSwap = false;

		this._oldClearColor = new Color();
		this.oldClearAlpha = 1;

		this.basic = new MeshBasicMaterial();

		this.fsQuad = new FullScreenQuad( null );

	}

	dispose() {

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.renderTargetsHorizontal.length; i ++ ) {

			this.renderTargetsHorizontal[ i ].dispose();

		}

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.renderTargetsVertical.length; i ++ ) {

			this.renderTargetsVertical[ i ].dispose();

		}

		this.renderTargetBright.dispose();

		//

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.separableBlurMaterials.length; i ++ ) {

			this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ].dispose();

		}

		this.compositeMaterial.dispose();
		this.blendMaterial.dispose();
		this.basic.dispose();

		//

		this.fsQuad.dispose();

	}

	setSize( width, height ) {

		let resx = Math.round( width / 2 );
		let resy = Math.round( height / 2 );

		this.renderTargetBright.setSize( resx, resy );

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.nMips; i ++ ) {

			this.renderTargetsHorizontal[ i ].setSize( resx, resy );
			this.renderTargetsVertical[ i ].setSize( resx, resy );

			this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ].uniforms[ 'invSize' ].value = new Vector2( 1 / resx, 1 / resy );

			resx = Math.round( resx / 2 );
			resy = Math.round( resy / 2 );

		}

	}

	render( renderer, writeBuffer, readBuffer, deltaTime, maskActive ) {

		renderer.getClearColor( this._oldClearColor );
		this.oldClearAlpha = renderer.getClearAlpha();
		const oldAutoClear = renderer.autoClear;
		renderer.autoClear = false;

		renderer.setClearColor( this.clearColor, 0 );

		if ( maskActive ) renderer.state.buffers.stencil.setTest( false );

		// Render input to screen

		if ( this.renderToScreen ) {

			this.fsQuad.material = this.basic;
			this.basic.map = readBuffer.texture;

			renderer.setRenderTarget( null );
			renderer.clear();
			this.fsQuad.render( renderer );

		}

		// 1. Extract Bright Areas

		this.highPassUniforms[ 'tDiffuse' ].value = readBuffer.texture;
		this.highPassUniforms[ 'luminosityThreshold' ].value = this.threshold;
		this.fsQuad.material = this.materialHighPassFilter;

		renderer.setRenderTarget( this.renderTargetBright );
		renderer.clear();
		this.fsQuad.render( renderer );

		// 2. Blur All the mips progressively

		let inputRenderTarget = this.renderTargetBright;

		for ( let i = 0; i < this.nMips; i ++ ) {

			this.fsQuad.material = this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ];

			this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ].uniforms[ 'colorTexture' ].value = inputRenderTarget.texture;
			this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ].uniforms[ 'direction' ].value = UnrealBloomPass.BlurDirectionX;
			renderer.setRenderTarget( this.renderTargetsHorizontal[ i ] );
			renderer.clear();
			this.fsQuad.render( renderer );

			this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ].uniforms[ 'colorTexture' ].value = this.renderTargetsHorizontal[ i ].texture;
			this.separableBlurMaterials[ i ].uniforms[ 'direction' ].value = UnrealBloomPass.BlurDirectionY;
			renderer.setRenderTarget( this.renderTargetsVertical[ i ] );
			renderer.clear();
			this.fsQuad.render( renderer );

			inputRenderTarget = this.renderTargetsVertical[ i ];

		}

		// Composite All the mips

		this.fsQuad.material = this.compositeMaterial;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'bloomStrength' ].value = this.strength;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'bloomRadius' ].value = this.radius;
		this.compositeMaterial.uniforms[ 'bloomTintColors' ].value = this.bloomTintColors;

		renderer.setRenderTarget( this.renderTargetsHorizontal[ 0 ] );
		renderer.clear();
		this.fsQuad.render( renderer );

		// Blend it additively over the input texture

		this.fsQuad.material = this.blendMaterial;
		this.copyUniforms[ 'tDiffuse' ].value = this.renderTargetsHorizontal[ 0 ].texture;

		if ( maskActive ) renderer.state.buffers.stencil.setTest( true );

		if ( this.renderToScreen ) {

			renderer.setRenderTarget( null );
			this.fsQuad.render( renderer );

		} else {

			renderer.setRenderTarget( readBuffer );
			this.fsQuad.render( renderer );

		}

		// Restore renderer settings

		renderer.setClearColor( this._oldClearColor, this.oldClearAlpha );
		renderer.autoClear = oldAutoClear;

	}

	getSeperableBlurMaterial( kernelRadius ) {

		const coefficients = [];

		for ( let i = 0; i < kernelRadius; i ++ ) {

			coefficients.push( 0.39894 * Math.exp( - 0.5 * i * i / ( kernelRadius * kernelRadius ) ) / kernelRadius );

		}

		return new ShaderMaterial( {

			defines: {
				'KERNEL_RADIUS': kernelRadius
			},

			uniforms: {
				'colorTexture': { value: null },
				'invSize': { value: new Vector2( 0.5, 0.5 ) }, // inverse texture size
				'direction': { value: new Vector2( 0.5, 0.5 ) },
				'gaussianCoefficients': { value: coefficients } // precomputed Gaussian coefficients
			},

			vertexShader:
				`varying vec2 vUv;
				void main() {
					vUv = uv;
					gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4( position, 1.0 );
				}`,

			fragmentShader:
				`#include <common>
				varying vec2 vUv;
				uniform sampler2D colorTexture;
				uniform vec2 invSize;
				uniform vec2 direction;
				uniform float gaussianCoefficients[KERNEL_RADIUS];

				void main() {
					float weightSum = gaussianCoefficients[0];
					vec3 diffuseSum = texture2D( colorTexture, vUv ).rgb * weightSum;
					for( int i = 1; i < KERNEL_RADIUS; i ++ ) {
						float x = float(i);
						float w = gaussianCoefficients[i];
						vec2 uvOffset = direction * invSize * x;
						vec3 sample1 = texture2D( colorTexture, vUv + uvOffset ).rgb;
						vec3 sample2 = texture2D( colorTexture, vUv - uvOffset ).rgb;
						diffuseSum += (sample1 + sample2) * w;
						weightSum += 2.0 * w;
					}
					gl_FragColor = vec4(diffuseSum/weightSum, 1.0);
				}`
		} );

	}

	getCompositeMaterial( nMips ) {

		return new ShaderMaterial( {

			defines: {
				'NUM_MIPS': nMips
			},

			uniforms: {
				'blurTexture1': { value: null },
				'blurTexture2': { value: null },
				'blurTexture3': { value: null },
				'blurTexture4': { value: null },
				'blurTexture5': { value: null },
				'bloomStrength': { value: 1.0 },
				'bloomFactors': { value: null },
				'bloomTintColors': { value: null },
				'bloomRadius': { value: 0.0 }
			},

			vertexShader:
				`varying vec2 vUv;
				void main() {
					vUv = uv;
					gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4( position, 1.0 );
				}`,

			fragmentShader:
				`varying vec2 vUv;
				uniform sampler2D blurTexture1;
				uniform sampler2D blurTexture2;
				uniform sampler2D blurTexture3;
				uniform sampler2D blurTexture4;
				uniform sampler2D blurTexture5;
				uniform float bloomStrength;
				uniform float bloomRadius;
				uniform float bloomFactors[NUM_MIPS];
				uniform vec3 bloomTintColors[NUM_MIPS];

				float lerpBloomFactor(const in float factor) {
					float mirrorFactor = 1.2 - factor;
					return mix(factor, mirrorFactor, bloomRadius);
				}

				void main() {
					gl_FragColor = bloomStrength * ( lerpBloomFactor(bloomFactors[0]) * vec4(bloomTintColors[0], 1.0) * texture2D(blurTexture1, vUv) +
						lerpBloomFactor(bloomFactors[1]) * vec4(bloomTintColors[1], 1.0) * texture2D(blurTexture2, vUv) +
						lerpBloomFactor(bloomFactors[2]) * vec4(bloomTintColors[2], 1.0) * texture2D(blurTexture3, vUv) +
						lerpBloomFactor(bloomFactors[3]) * vec4(bloomTintColors[3], 1.0) * texture2D(blurTexture4, vUv) +
						lerpBloomFactor(bloomFactors[4]) * vec4(bloomTintColors[4], 1.0) * texture2D(blurTexture5, vUv) );
				}`
		} );

	}

}

UnrealBloomPass.BlurDirectionX = new Vector2( 1.0, 0.0 );
UnrealBloomPass.BlurDirectionY = new Vector2( 0.0, 1.0 );

export { UnrealBloomPass };