DEV: Add initial devcontainer config for codepaces (#22722)

* initial files

* STY: remove noop.txt (we have an environment.yaml)

some other style fixups

Co-authored-by: Sarah Kaiser <sckaiser@sckaiser.com>

.devcontainer/Dockerfile

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+# See here for image contents: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/v0.245.2/containers/python-3-anaconda/.devcontainer/base.Dockerfile
+
+FROM mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/anaconda:0-3
+
+# [Choice] Node.js version: none, lts/*, 16, 14, 12, 10
+ARG NODE_VERSION="none"
+RUN if [ "${NODE_VERSION}" != "none" ]; then su vscode -c "umask 0002 && . /usr/local/share/nvm/nvm.sh && nvm install ${NODE_VERSION} 2>&1"; fi
+
+
+# Copy environment.yml (if found) to a temp location so we update the environment. Also
+# copy "noop.txt" so the COPY instruction does not fail if no environment.yml exists.
+COPY environment.yml* /tmp/conda-tmp/
+RUN if [ -f "/tmp/conda-tmp/environment.yml" ]; then umask 0002 && /opt/conda/bin/conda env create -f /tmp/conda-tmp/environment.yml; fi \
+    && rm -rf /tmp/conda-tmp
+
+# [Optional] Uncomment this section to install additional OS packages.
+# RUN apt-get update && export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
+#     && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends <your-package-list-here>

.devcontainer/add-notice.sh

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+# Display a notice when not running in GitHub Codespaces
+
+cat << 'EOF' > /usr/local/etc/vscode-dev-containers/conda-notice.txt
+When using "conda" from outside of GitHub Codespaces, note the Anaconda repository
+contains restrictions on commercial use that may impact certain organizations. See
+https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/conda/anaconda
+EOF
+
+notice_script="$(cat << 'EOF'
+if [ -t 1 ] && [ "${IGNORE_NOTICE}" != "true" ] && [ "${TERM_PROGRAM}" = "vscode" ] && [ "${CODESPACES}" != "true" ] && [ ! -f "$HOME/.config/vscode-dev-containers/conda-notice-already-displayed" ]; then
+    cat "/usr/local/etc/vscode-dev-containers/conda-notice.txt"
+    mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/vscode-dev-containers"
+    ((sleep 10s; touch "$HOME/.config/vscode-dev-containers/conda-notice-already-displayed") &)
+fi
+EOF
+)"
+
+echo "${notice_script}" | tee -a /etc/bash.bashrc >> /etc/zsh/zshrc

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

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+// For format details, see https://aka.ms/devcontainer.json. For config options, see the README at:
+// https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/v0.245.2/containers/python-3-anaconda
+{
+	"name": "Numpy (devcontainer)",
+	"build": { 
+		"context": "..",
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile",
+		"args": {
+			"NODE_VERSION": "lts/*"
+		}
+	},
+
+	// Configure tool-specific properties.
+	"customizations": {
+		// Configure properties specific to VS Code.
+		"vscode": {
+			// Set *default* container specific settings.json values on container create.
+			"settings": { 
+				"python.defaultInterpreterPath": "/opt/conda/bin/python",
+				"python.linting.enabled": true,
+				"python.linting.pylintEnabled": true,
+				"python.formatting.autopep8Path": "/opt/conda/bin/autopep8",
+				"python.formatting.yapfPath": "/opt/conda/bin/yapf",
+				"python.linting.flake8Path": "/opt/conda/bin/flake8",
+				"python.linting.pycodestylePath": "/opt/conda/bin/pycodestyle",
+				"python.linting.pydocstylePath": "/opt/conda/bin/pydocstyle",
+				"python.linting.pylintPath": "/opt/conda/bin/pylint"
+			},
+
+			// Add the IDs of extensions you want installed when the container is created.
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-python.python",
+				"ms-python.vscode-pylance",
+				"njpwerner.autodocstring",
+				"ms-toolsai.jupyter",
+				"donjayamanne.python-environment-manager",
+				"ms-azuretools.vscode-docker"
+			]
+		}
+	},
+
+	// Use 'forwardPorts' to make a list of ports inside the container available locally.
+	// "forwardPorts": [],
+
+	// Use 'postCreateCommand' to run commands after the container is created.
+	"postCreateCommand": "conda init",
+
+	// Comment out to connect as root instead. More info: https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root.
+	"remoteUser": "vscode",
+	"features": {
+		"ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/rust:1": {
+			"version": "latest"
+		}
+	}
+}