Avoid Using Raw Strings in Error Handling

[Sddilora]

Reasons to Avoid Using Raw Strings in Error Handling

Using raw strings in error handling, such as err := errors.New("Dlr not found"), is generally discouraged. Here are detailed reasons, including security considerations, for why predefined error variables are a better approach:

1. Consistency

• Issue: Using raw strings can lead to inconsistency in error messages. For example, different parts of the code might use slightly different strings to represent the same error (e.g., "Dlr not found" vs. "Dealer not found").
• Solution: Predefined error variables ensure that the same error is represented consistently across the codebase.

2. Maintainability

• Issue: If an error message needs to be updated, finding and replacing every instance of the raw string in the code can be tedious and error-prone.
• Solution: With predefined error variables, you only need to update the error message in one place.

3. Readability

• Issue: Raw strings do not provide context about what the error represents without reading and understanding the string content.
• Solution: Named error variables, like ErrorDlrNotFound, are self-documenting and clearly convey the purpose of the error.

4. Testing

• Issue: Writing tests that check for specific error conditions becomes cumbersome and fragile when comparing raw strings, especially if those strings change.
• Solution: Predefined error variables allow for straightforward and reliable error comparisons in tests.

5. Security Considerations

Controlled Information Disclosure

• Issue: Hardcoded error messages can inadvertently reveal sensitive information about the system’s structure or state.
• Solution: Predefined error messages can be reviewed and controlled to ensure they do not leak sensitive information. For example, ErrorDlrNotFound simply states that a dealer was not found without revealing internal details.

Avoiding Injection Flaws

• Issue: If error messages include user input and are not properly sanitized, they can become vectors for injection attacks (e.g., SQL injection, cross-site scripting).
• Solution: Predefined errors reduce the risk of injection flaws because the error strings are controlled and do not directly include unsanitized user input.

Centralized Management for Security Reviews

• Issue: Scattered error messages make it difficult to perform comprehensive security reviews.
• Solution: Centralized error definitions allow for easier security audits and ensure that error messages meet security standards.

Consistent Logging and Monitoring

• Issue: Inconsistent error messages can complicate logging and monitoring, making it harder to detect and respond to security incidents.
• Solution: Predefined errors ensure consistent logging, aiding in effective monitoring and incident response.