doc.go

// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

// NOTE: There are *three* independent implementations of this object
// file format in the Go source tree:
//
//	- cmd/internal/goobj/read.go (used by cmd/addr2line, cmd/nm, cmd/objdump, cmd/pprof)
//	- cmd/internal/obj/objfile.go (used by cmd/asm and cmd/compile)
//	- cmd/link/internal/objfile.go (used by cmd/link)
//
// When changing the object file format, remember to change all three.

// Originally, Go object files were Plan 9 object files, but no longer.
// Now they are more like standard object files, in that each symbol is defined
// by an associated memory image (bytes) and a list of relocations to apply
// during linking. We do not (yet?) use a standard file format, however.
// For now, the format is chosen to be as simple as possible to read and write.
// It may change for reasons of efficiency, or we may even switch to a
// standard file format if there are compelling benefits to doing so.
// See golang.org/s/go13linker for more background.
//
// The file format is:
//
//	- magic header: "\x00go114ld"
//	- byte 1 - version number
//	- sequence of strings giving dependencies (imported packages)
//	- empty string (marks end of sequence)
//	- number of entries in the following sequence
//	- sequence of filename strings to generate debug information
//	- sequence of symbol references used by the defined symbols
//	- byte 0xff (marks end of sequence)
//	- sequence of integer lengths:
//		- total data length
//		- total number of relocations
//		- total number of pcdata
//		- total number of automatics
//		- total number of funcdata
//		- total number of files
//	- data, the content of the defined symbols
//	- sequence of defined symbols
//	- byte 0xff (marks end of sequence)
//	- magic footer: "\xffgo114ld"
//
// All integers are stored in a zigzag varint format.
// See golang.org/s/go12symtab for a definition.
//
// Data blocks and strings are both stored as an integer
// followed by that many bytes.
//
// A symbol reference is a string name followed by an ABI or -1 for static.
//
// A symbol points to other symbols using an index into the symbol
// reference sequence. Index 0 corresponds to a nil symbol pointer.
// In the symbol layout described below "symref index" stands for this
// index.
//
// Each symbol is laid out as the following fields:
//
//	- byte 0xfe (sanity check for synchronization)
//	- type [byte]
//	- name & ABI [symref index]
//	- flags [int]
//		1<<0 dupok
//		1<<1 local
//		1<<2 add to typelink table
//	- size [int]
//	- gotype [symref index]
//	- p [data block]
//	- nr [int]
//	- r [nr relocations, sorted by off]
//
// If type == STEXT, there are a few more fields:
//
//	- args [int]
//	- locals [int]
//	- nosplit [int]
//	- flags [int]
//		1<<0 leaf
//		1<<1 C function
//		1<<2 function may call reflect.Type.Method
//		1<<3 function compiled with -shared
//	- nlocal [int]
//	- local [nlocal automatics]
//	- pcln [pcln table]
//
// Each relocation has the encoding:
//
//	- off [int]
//	- siz [int]
//	- type [int]
//	- add [int]
//	- sym [symref index]
//
// Each local has the encoding:
//
//	- asym [symref index]
//	- offset [int]
//	- type [int]
//	- gotype [symref index]
//
// The pcln table has the encoding:
//
//	- pcsp [data block]
//	- pcfile [data block]
//	- pcline [data block]
//	- pcinline [data block]
//	- npcdata [int]
//	- pcdata [npcdata data blocks]
//	- nfuncdata [int]
//	- funcdata [nfuncdata symref index]
//	- funcdatasym [nfuncdata ints]
//	- nfile [int]
//	- file [nfile symref index]
//	- ninlinedcall [int]
//	- inlinedcall [ninlinedcall int symref int symref]
//
// The file layout and meaning of type integers are architecture-independent.
//
// TODO(rsc): The file format is good for a first pass but needs work.
//	- There are SymID in the object file that should really just be strings.
package objabi