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MapStruct - Java bean mappings, the easy way!

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What is MapStruct?

MapStruct is a Java annotation processor for the generation of type-safe and performant mappers for Java bean classes.

To create a mapping between two types, declare a mapper class like this:

@Mapper
public interface CarMapper {

    CarMapper INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper( CarMapper.class );

    @Mapping(source = "numberOfSeats", target = "seatCount")
    CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);
}

At compile time MapStruct will generate an implementation of this interface. The generated implementation uses plain Java method invocations for mapping between source and target objects, i.e. there is no reflection involved. By default, properties are mapped if they have the same name in source and target, but this and many other aspects can be controlled using @Mapping and a handful of other annotations.

MapStruct saves you from writing mapping code by hand which is a tedious and error-prone task. The generator comes with sensible defaults and many built-in type conversions, but it steps out of your way when it comes to configuring or implementing special behavior.

Compared to mapping frameworks working at runtime MapStruct offers the following advantages:

  • Fast execution by using plain method invocations instead of reflection
  • Compile-time type safety: Only objects and attributes mapping to each other can be mapped, no accidental mapping of an order entity into a customer DTO etc.
  • Self-contained code, no runtime dependencies
  • Clear error-reports at build time if
  • mappings are incomplete (not all target properties are mapped)
  • mappings are incorrect (cannot find a proper mapping method or type conversion)
  • Mapping code is easy to debug (or edited by hand e.g. in case of a bug in the generator)

Requirements

MapStruct requires Java 1.6 or later.

Using MapStruct

MapStruct works in command line builds (plain javac, via Maven, Gradle, Ant etc.) and IDEs.

For Eclipse, there is a dedicated plug-in under development (see https://github.com/mapstruct/mapstruct-eclipse) which goes beyond what's possible with an annotation processor, providing content assist for annotation attributes, quick fixes and more.

Maven

For Maven-based projects add the following to your POM file in order to use MapStruct (the dependencies can be obtained from Maven Central):

...
<properties>
    <org.mapstruct.version>1.1.0.Final</org.mapstruct.version>
</properties>
...
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
        <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId> <!-- OR use this with Java 8 and beyond: <artifactId>mapstruct-jdk8</artifactId> -->
        <version>${org.mapstruct.version}</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
...
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.6</source> <!-- or 1.7 or 1.8, .. -->
                <target>1.6</target>
                <annotationProcessorPaths>
                    <path>
                        <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
                        <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
                        <version>${org.mapstruct.version}</version>
                    </path>
                </annotationProcessorPaths>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
...

Gradle

For Gradle, you need something along the following lines:

plugins {
    ...
    id 'net.ltgt.apt' version '0.8'
}
dependencies {
    ...
    compile 'org.mapstruct:mapstruct:1.1.0.Final' // OR use this with Java 8 and beyond: org.mapstruct:mapstruct-jdk8:...

    apt 'org.mapstruct:mapstruct-processor:1.1.0.Final'
}
...

If you don't work with a dependency management tool you can obtain a distribution bundle from SourceForge.

Documentation and getting help

To learn more about MapStruct, refer to the project homepage. The reference documentation covers all provided functionality in detail. If you need help, come and join the mapstruct-users group.

Licensing

MapStruct is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use it except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.

Building from Source

MapStruct uses Maven for its build. Java 8 is required for building MapStruct from source. To build the complete project run

mvn clean install

from the root of the project directory. To skip the distribution module, run

mvn clean install -DskipDistribution=true

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