version.py: prevent Git version computation from raiseing

[ryan-williams]

Issue and/or context: TileDB-Inc/tiledbsoma-feedstock#157, #2560, #2563, #2588, #2590

Changes:

• lines/line helpers catch CalledProcessErrors, return None
  • Git-version computations they are used in are all optional / best-effort
• Don't raise RuntimeError if Git remote tags aren't found, or if multiple lines of stdout are returned from commands expected to return 1; just return None.

Notes for Reviewers:
Tested in a couple configurations locally:

• normal Git clone
• "wheel build" (not in a Git clone)
• shallow Git clone, with a remote containing release tags
• shallow Git clone, with a remote containing no release tags

"sdist & wheels" GHA is also running, here.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 90.24%. Comparing base (27cc8a9) to head (0eb45bd).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2624   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   90.24%   90.24%           
=======================================
  Files          37       37           
  Lines        4038     4038           
=======================================
  Hits         3644     3644           
  Misses        394      394           

Flag	Coverage Δ
python	90.24% <ø> (ø)

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Components	Coverage Δ
python_api	90.24% <ø> (ø)
libtiledbsoma	∅ <ø> (∅)