Service Discovery (SD) is a vital part of several Thanos components. It allows Thanos to discover API targets required to perform certain operations.
SD is currently used in the following places within Thanos:
Thanos Querier
needs to know about StoreAPI servers in order to query metrics from them.Thanos Ruler
needs to know aboutQueryAPI
servers in order to evaluate recording and alerting rules.Thanos Ruler
needs to know aboutAlertmanagers
HA replicas in order to send alerts.
There are currently several ways to configure SD, described below in more detail:
- Static Flags
- File SD
- DNS SD
The simplest way to tell a component about a peer is to use a static flag.
The repeatable flag --store=<store>
can be used to specify a StoreAPI
that Thanos Querier
should use.
Thanos Ruler
supports the configuration of QueryAPI
endpoints using YAML with the --query.config=<content>
and --query.config-file=<path>
flags in the static_configs
section.
Thanos Ruler
also supports the configuration of Alertmanager endpoints using YAML with the --alertmanagers.config=<content>
and --alertmanagers.config-file=<path>
flags in the static_configs
section.
File Service Discovery is another mechanism for configuring components. With File SD, a list of files can be watched for updates, and the new configuration will be dynamically loaded when a change occurs. The list of files to watch is passed to a component via a flag shown in the component-specific sections below.
The format of the configuration file is the same as the one used in Prometheus' File SD. Both YAML and JSON files can be used. The format of the files is as follows:
- JSON:
[
{
"targets": ["localhost:9090", "example.org:443"]
}
]
- YAML:
- targets: ['localhost:9090', 'example.org:443']
As a fallback, the file contents are periodically re-read at an interval that can be set using a flag specific to the component as shown below. The default value for all File SD re-read intervals is 5 minutes.
The repeatable flag --store.sd-files=<path>
can be used to specify the path to files that contain addresses of StoreAPI
servers. The <path>
can be a glob pattern so you can specify several files using a single flag.
The flag --store.sd-interval=<5m>
can be used to change the fallback re-read interval from the default 5 minutes.
Thanos Ruler
supports the configuration of QueryAPI
endpoints using YAML with the --query.config=<content>
and --query.config-file=<path>
flags in the file_sd_configs
section.
Thanos Ruler
also supports the configuration of Alertmanager endpoints using YAML with the --alertmanagers.config=<content>
and --alertmanagers.config-file=<path>
flags in the file_sd_configs
section.
DNS Service Discovery is another mechanism for finding components that can be used in conjunction with Static Flags or File SD. With DNS SD, a domain name can be specified and it will be periodically queried to discover a list of IPs.
To use DNS SD, just add one of the following prefixes to the domain name in your configuration:
dns+
- the domain name after this prefix will be looked up as an A/AAAA query. A port is required for this query type. An example using this lookup with a static flag:
--store=dns+stores.thanos.mycompany.org:9090
dnssrv+
- the domain name after this prefix will be looked up as a SRV query, and then each SRV record will be looked up as an A/AAAA query. You do not need to specify a port as the one from the query results will be used. For example:
--store=dnssrv+_thanosstores._tcp.mycompany.org
DNS SRV record discovery also work well within Kubernetes. Consider the following example:
--store=dnssrv+_grpc._tcp.thanos-store.monitoring.svc
This configuration will instruct Thanos to discover all endpoints within the thanos-store
service in the monitoring
namespace and use the declared port named grpc
.
dnssrvnoa+
- the domain name after this prefix will be looked up as a SRV query, with no A/AAAA lookup made after that. Similar to thednssrv+
case, you do not need to specify a port. For example:
--store=dnssrvnoa+_thanosstores._tcp.mycompany.org
The default interval between DNS lookups is 30s. This interval can be changed using the store.sd-dns-interval
flag for StoreAPI
configuration in Thanos Querier
, or query.sd-dns-interval
for QueryAPI
configuration in Thanos Ruler
.
Currently, there are no plans of adding other Service Discovery mechanisms like Consul SD, Kubernetes SD, etc. However, we welcome people implementing their preferred Service Discovery by writing the results to File SD, which can be consumed by the different Thanos components.