Selenium Web Driver Tests

This repository includes usage of Selenium Web Driver methods. The latest version of Selenium is used in this project.

The SUT is a custom website which you can find in a selenium-app repository. This website is hosted with GitHub Pages.

Overview

• Run tests
• Selenium Configurations, Features and Methods
  • Install a Selenium Library
  • Install browser drivers
  • Shared capabilities
  • Getting browser information
  • Browser navigation
  • Alerts
  • Cookies
  • Frames
  • Windows
  • Elements
  • Waits
  • Actions API

Run tests

1. Download ChromeDriver

• Check your local Chrome browser version and download corresponding chromedriver version

• Create the following folder structure

mkdir -p /tmp/chromedriver

• Unzip downloaded archive

unzip chromedriver_mac64.zip

• Move chromedriver to the /tmp/chromedriver location

mv ~/Downloads/chromedriver /tmp/chromedriver/

• Declare environment variable with a path to the chromedriver

export CHROMEDRIVER_FULL_PATH=/tmp/chromedriver/chromedriver

2. Clone this repository

git clone https://github.com/vznd/selenium-webdriver-tests.git

3. Move to a project directory

cd selenium-webdriver-tests

4. Run tests

mvn test

Selenium Configurations, Features and Methods

All information is gathered from an official selenium website.

Install a Selenium Library

• [Covered] Selenium Web Driver can be installed using a maven repository.

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
    <version>${version}</version>
</dependency>

Install browser drivers

• [Out of scope] Install driver with WebDriverManager software

• [Out of scope] The PATH Environment Variable

• [Covered] Hard Coded Location. In this repository the PATH to driver is hardcoded in system variable, in pom.xml:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>
            <configuration>
                <systemPropertyVariables>
                    <webdriver.chrome.driver>/path/to/driver</webdriver.chrome.driver>
                </systemPropertyVariables>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Shared capabilities

Not all the shared capabilities are used in this project. But the reference is provided for all available below. Please, check an official documentation for details.

Getting browser information

• [Covered] Get a web page title. Returns String

driver.getTitle();

• [Covered] Get a web page URL. Returns String

driver.getCurrentUrl();

Browser navigation

• [Covered] Open a web URL at wikipedia.org

driver.get("https://www.wikipedia.org/");

• [Covered] A bit longer way to open a web URL at wikipedia.org

driver.navigate().to("https://www.wikipedia.org/");

• [Covered] Press a back browser button

driver.navigate().back();

• [Covered] Press a forward browser button

driver.navigate().forward();

Alerts

Alerts are not covered as of now. Should be covered.

• [Covered] Store Alert in a variable using WebDriverWait. Please refer to Waits section for more information about Waits

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(1)); // Create wait variable
Alert alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent()); // Get an alert and store to variable

• [Covered] There is no ExpectedCondition like "alertIsNotPresent()". So, to check that there is no alert, you can implement helper

public boolean isAlertPresent() {
    try {
        driver.switchTo().alert();
        return true;
    } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {
        return false;
    }
}

• [Covered] Store Alert in a variable using driver

Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();

• [Covered] Get Alert text

alert.getText();

• [Covered] Press OK button in the alert

alert.accept();

• [Covered] Press Cancel button in the alert

alert.dismiss();

• [Covered] Enter some information to a Prompt alert

Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); // Firstly, get the Alert and store in variable
alert.sendKeys("Denny") // Secondly, enter the text
alert.accept(); // Thirdly, press OK button

Cookies

• [To cover] Create a cookie object and store it to a variable

Cookie cookie = new Cookie("key", "value");

• [To cover] Add a cookie

driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));

• [To cover] Get a cookie by name and store it to a variable

Cookie cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("key");

• [To cover] Get all cookies and store it to a variable

Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();

• [To cover] Delete a cookie by name

driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("key");

• [To cover] Delete a cookie by Cookie object

Cookie cookie = new Cookie("key", "value"); // Create a cookie
driver.manage().addCookie(cookie); // Add a cookie
// make some actions here
driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie); // Delete a cookie

• [To cover] Delete all cookies

driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();

• [Out of scope] Managing a Same-Site cookie attribute

Frames

• [Covered] Switch to Frame using WebElement

WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#modal>iframe")); // Store the web element
driver.switchTo().frame(iframe); // Switch to the frame

• [Covered] Switch to Frame using id

driver.switchTo().frame("buttonframe"); // Using the ID, the same syntax for using the name selector

• [Covered] Switch to Frame using name

driver.switchTo().frame("firstframe"); 

• [Covered] Switch to Frame using and index

driver.switchTo.frame(1);

• [Covered] Leave a frame

driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

Windows

WebDriver does not make the distinction between windows and tabs. If your site opens a new tab or window, Selenium will let you work with it using a window handle. Each window has a unique identifier which remains persistent in a single session.

• [Covered] Get original window identifier and put it to a variable

String originalWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();

• [Covered] Get all opened windows identifiers and store it to a variable

Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

• [Covered] Switch to a different window handle

driver.switchTo().window(windowHandleId); // where windowHandleId is a String with handleId 

• [Covered] Wait for certain amount of windows to be opened

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(1)); // Define a WebDriverWait
ExpectedCondition<Boolean> expectedCondition = numberOfWindowsToBe(2); // Define expected condition calling numberOfWindowsToBe static method
wait.until(expectedCondition); // Perform wait until expected condition

• [Out of scope] Create a new window switching to a new tab

driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.TAB);

• [Out of scope] Create a new window switching to a new window

driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW);

• [Covered] Close the tab or window

driver.close();

• [Covered] Get window size / dimensions individually

int width = driver.manage().window().getSize().getWidth();
int height = driver.manage().window().getSize().getHeight();

• [Covered] Store dimensions in a variable and query them from the object

Dimension size = driver.manage().window().getSize();
int width = size.getWidth();
int height = size.getHeight();

• [Covered] Set window size

Dimension dimension = new Dimension(1024, 768); // Create a new dimension object with specified height and width
driver.manage().window().setSize(dimension); // Set window size

• [Covered] Get window position / x, y coordinates individually

int x = driver.manage().window().getPosition().getX();
int y = driver.manage().window().getPosition().getY();

• [Covered] Store window position in a variable and query x, y coordinates from the object

Point position = driver.manage().window().getPosition();
int x1 = position.getX();
int y1 = position.getY();

• [Covered] Set window position

Point position = new Point(0, 0); // Create a new position object with specified x and y
driver.manage().window().setPosition(position); // Set position

• [Covered] Maximize window

driver.manage().window().maximize();

• [Out of scope] Minimize window

driver.manage().window().minimize();

• [Covered] Enter fullscreen

driver.manage().window().fullscreen();

• [Covered] Take a screenshot of a window

File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); // Take a screenshot 
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File("./image.png")); // Store it in the root directory with image.png name

• [Covered] Take a screenshot of an element

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("h1")); // Find an element
File scrFile = element.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); // Take a screenshot
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File("./image.png")); // Store it in the root directory with image.png name

• [Covered] Execute a JavaScript

JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver; // Define a JavascriptExecutor
js.executeScript("console.log('hello world')"); // Invoke the executeScript method and pass a script as a String argument

• [Covered] Execute a JavaScript on a WebElement

JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver; // Define a JavascriptExecutor
WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.name("btnLogin")); // Find a web element
js.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", button); // Perform a click on a button with java script

• [Out of scope] Print page

PrintsPage printer = (PrintsPage) driver; // Define PrintsPage object
PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions(); // Define PrintOptions
printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2"); // Set a range of pages for printing

Pdf pdf = printer.print(printOptions); // Invoke print method and store the result in a Pdf variable
String content = pdf.getContent(); // Invoke a getContent method and store the result in a String variable

Elements

Traditional locators:

Locator	Description
class name	Locates elements whose class name contains the search value (compound class names are not permitted)
css selector	Locates elements matching a CSS selector
id	Locates elements whose ID attribute matches the search value
name	Locates elements whose NAME attribute matches the search value
link text	Locates anchor elements whose visible text matches the search value
partial link text	Locates anchor elements whose visible text contains the search value. If multiple elements are matching, only the first one will be selected.
tag name	Locates elements whose tag name matches the search value
xpath	Locates elements matching an XPath expression

Relative locators:

Examples below with the above, below, left of, right of, near and chaining locators are related to the following image:

• [Out of scope] Above - find the <input> element which is above the #password element

By emailLocator = RelativeLocator.with(By.tagName("input")).above(By.id("password"));

• [Out of scope] Below - find the <input> element which is below the #email element

By passwordLocator = RelativeLocator.with(By.tagName("input")).below(By.id("email"));

• [Out of scope] Left of - find the <button> element which is to the left of the #submit element

By cancelLocator = RelativeLocator.with(By.tagName("button")).toLeftOf(By.id("submit"));

• [Out of scope] Right of - find the <button> element which is to the right of the #cancel element

By submitLocator = RelativeLocator.with(By.tagName("button")).toRightOf(By.id("cancel"));

• [Out of scope] Near - find the <input> element which is not more than 50px near the #lbl-email element

By emailLocator = RelativeLocator.with(By.tagName("input")).near(By.id("lbl-email"));

• [Out of scope] Chaining locators - find the <button> element which below the #email element and to the right of the #cancel element

By submitLocator = RelativeLocator.with(By.tagName("button")).below(By.id("email")).toRightOf(By.id("cancel"));

Finders:

• [Covered] Find the first element which has a class with name tomatoes

WebElement vegetable = driver.findElement(By.className("tomatoes"));

• [Covered] Find a web element, based on a parent element using two objects

WebElement fruits = driver.findElement(By.id("fruits")); // Find a fruits element (parent in HTML)
WebElement fruit = fruits.findElement(By.id("tomatoes")); // Find a tomatoes child element from the parent fruits element

• [Covered] Find a web element, based on a parent element using two locators

WebElement fruit = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#fruits .tomatoes"));

• [Covered] Find all elements on the page which has <li> tag

List<WebElement> plants = driver.findElements(By.tagName("li"));

• [Covered] Switch to the element which is currently active

driver.switchTo().activeElement().getAttribute("title")

Interactions:

• [Covered] Click on a web element

buttonElement.click();

• [Covered] Fill in input filed with the data

inputElement.sendKeys("some-text");

• [Covered] Clear data in the input filed

inputElement.clear();

Information:

• [Covered] Check if element is displayed on the page

WebElement loginForm = driver.findElement(By.css("[name='login']")); // Find an element
boolean isFormVisible = loginForm.isDisplayed(); // Invoke isDisplayed method and put it to a variable

• [To cover] Check if element is enabled

WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.name("btnK")); // Find an element
boolean isButtonVisible = button.isEnabled(); // Invoke isEnabled method and put it to a variable

• [To cover] Check if element is selected

WebElement checkBox = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("input[type='checkbox']:first-of-type")); // Find an element
boolean isCheckBoxSelected = checkBox.isSelected(); // Invoke isSelected method and put it to a variable

• [To cover] Get a tag name from element

WebElement title = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("h1")); // Find an element
String tagNameValue = title.getTagName(); // Invoke isSelected method and put it to a variable

• [To cover] Get an element height, width, x and y coordinates in a single object

Rectangle res = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("h1")).getRect(); // Get Rectangle data and put it to a variable
System.out.println(res.getX()); // Get x coordinate and print it to a console
System.out.println(res.getY()); // Get y coordinate and print it to a console
System.out.println(res.getWidth()); // Get getWidth coordinate and print it to a console
System.out.println(res.getHeight()); // Get getHeight coordinate and print it to a console

• [To cover] Get CSS value from element

String cssValue = driver.findElement(By.id("login-button")).getCssValue("color");

• [To cover] Get text from element

String text = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("h1")).getText();

Select lists:

Consider the html below.

<select id="check-box-list-id">
 <option value=value1>Bread</option>
 <option value=value2 selected>Milk</option>
 <option value=value3>Cheese</option>
</select>

• [Covered] Initialize select object and store it to a variable

WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.id("check-box-list-id")); // Find a web element
Select selectObject = new Select(selectElement); // Initialize Select object

• [Covered] Check if multiple options are selected

Boolean doesThisAllowMultipleSelections = selectObject.isMultiple();

• [Covered] Get all available options and store it to a variable

List<WebElement> allAvailableOptions = selectObject.getOptions();

• [Covered] Get the first selected option and store it to a variable

WebElement firstSelectedOption = selectObject.getFirstSelectedOption();

• [Covered] Get all selected options and store it to a variable

List<WebElement> allSelectedOptions = selectObject.getAllSelectedOptions();

• [To cover] Select option by index

selectObject.selectByIndex(1);

• [To cover] Deselect option by index

selectObject.deselectByIndex(1);

• [To cover] Select option by its value

selectObject.selectByValue("value1");

• [To cover] Deselect option by its value

selectObject.deselectByValue("value1");

• [To cover] Select option by visible text

selectObject.selectByVisibleText("Bread");

• [To cover] Deselect option by visible text

selectObject.deselectByVisibleText("Bread");

• [To cover] Deselect all options

selectObject.deselectAll();

Waits

Waiting is having the automated task execution elapse a certain amount of time before continuing with the next step. To overcome the problem of race conditions between the browser and your WebDriver script, most Selenium clients ship with a wait package. When employing a wait, you are using what is commonly referred to as an explicit wait.

Explicit wait:

Explicit waits allow your code to pause a program execution, until the condition you pass it resolves. The condition is called with a certain frequency until the timeout of the wait is elapsed.

• [To cover] Initialize a WebDriverWait

long timeout = 10;
WebElement wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeout);

• [To cover] Wait for element visibility with ExpectedCondition

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.tagName("h1")));

• [To cover] Wait for element visibility with lambda

WebElement element = wait.until(driver -> driver.findElement(By.tagName("h1")));

Expected conditions:

Method	Description
alertIsPresent()	An expectation for checking Alert to present on the page
and(ExpectedCondition<?>... conditions)	An expectation with the logical and condition of the given list of conditions
attributeContains(By locator, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String value)	An expectation for checking WebElement with given locator has attribute which contains specific value
attributeContains(WebElement element, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String value)	An expectation for checking WebElement with given locator has attribute which contains specific value
attributeToBe(By locator, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String value)	An expectation for checking WebElement with given locator has attribute with a specific value
attributeToBe(WebElement element, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String value)	An expectation for checking given WebElement has attribute with a specific value
attributeToBeNotEmpty(WebElement element, java.lang.String attribute	An expectation for checking WebElement any non empty value for given attribute
elementSelectionStateToBe(By locator, boolean selected)	An expectation for checking if the given element is selected
elementSelectionStateToBe(WebElement element, boolean selected)	An expectation for checking if the given element is selected
elementToBeClickable(By locator)	An expectation for checking an element is visible and enabled such that you can click it
elementToBeClickable(WebElement element)	An expectation for checking an element is visible and enabled such that you can click it
elementToBeSelected(By locator)	An expectation for checking if the given element is selected
elementToBeSelected(WebElement element)	An expectation for checking if the given element is selected
frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt(int frameLocator)	An expectation for checking whether the given frame is available to switch to
frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt(java.lang.String frameLocator)	An expectation for checking whether the given frame is available to switch to
frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt(By locator)	An expectation for checking whether the given frame is available to switch to
frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt(WebElement frameLocator)	An expectation for checking whether the given frame is available to switch to
invisibilityOf(WebElement element)	An expectation for checking the element to be invisible
invisibilityOfAllElements(java.util.List elements)	An expectation for checking all elements from given list to be invisible
invisibilityOfAllElements(WebElement... elements)	An expectation for checking all elements from given list to be invisible
invisibilityOfElementLocated(By locator)	An expectation for checking that an element is either invisible or not present on the DOM
invisibilityOfElementWithText(By locator, java.lang.String text)	An expectation for checking that an element with text is either invisible or not present on the DOM
javaScriptThrowsNoExceptions(java.lang.String javaScript)	An expectation to check if js executable
jsReturnsValue(java.lang.String javaScript)	An expectation for String value from javascript
not(ExpectedCondition<?> condition)	An expectation with the logical opposite condition of the given condition
numberOfElementsToBe(By locator, java.lang.Integer number)	An expectation for checking number of WebElements with given locator
numberOfElementsToBeLessThan(By locator, java.lang.Integer number)	An expectation for checking number of WebElements with given locator being less than defined number
numberOfElementsToBeMoreThan(By locator, java.lang.Integer number)	An expectation for checking number of WebElements with given locator being more than defined number
numberOfWindowsToBe(int expectedNumberOfWindows)	An expectation for checking number of Windows opened in a current session
or(ExpectedCondition<?>... conditions)	An expectation with the logical or condition of the given list of conditions
presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By locator)	An expectation for checking that there is at least one element present on a web page
presenceOfElementLocated(By locator)	An expectation for checking that an element is present on the DOM of a page
presenceOfNestedElementLocatedBy(By locator, By childLocator)	An expectation for checking child WebElement as a part of parent element to present
presenceOfNestedElementLocatedBy(WebElement element, By childLocator)	An expectation for checking child WebElement as a part of parent element to be present
presenceOfNestedElementsLocatedBy(By parent, By childLocator)	An expectation for checking child WebElement as a part of parent element to present
refreshed(ExpectedCondition condition)	Wrapper for a condition, which allows for elements to update by redrawing
stalenessOf(WebElement element)	Wait until an element is no longer attached to the DOM
textMatches(By locator, java.util.regex.Pattern pattern)	An expectation for checking WebElement with given locator has text with a value as a part of it
textToBe(By locator, java.lang.String value)	An expectation for checking WebElement with given locator has specific text
textToBePresentInElement(WebElement element, java.lang.String text)	An expectation for checking if the given text is present in the specified element
textToBePresentInElementLocated(By locator, java.lang.String text)	An expectation for checking if the given text is present in the element that matches the given locator
textToBePresentInElementValue(By locator, java.lang.String text)	An expectation for checking if the given text is present in the specified elements value attribute
textToBePresentInElementValue(WebElement element, java.lang.String text)	An expectation for checking if the given text is present in the specified elements value attribute
titleContains(java.lang.String title)	An expectation for checking that the title contains a case-sensitive substring
titleIs(java.lang.String title)	An expectation for checking the title of a page
urlContains(java.lang.String fraction)	An expectation for the URL of the current page to contain specific text
urlMatches(java.lang.String regex)	Expectation for the URL to match a specific regular expression
urlToBe(java.lang.String url)	An expectation for the URL of the current page to be a specific url
visibilityOf(WebElement element)	An expectation for checking that an element, known to be present on the DOM of a page, is visible
visibilityOfAllElements(java.util.List elements)	An expectation for checking that all elements present on the web page that match the locator are visible
visibilityOfAllElements(WebElement... elements)	An expectation for checking that all elements present on the web page that match the locator are visible
visibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By locator)	An expectation for checking that all elements present on the web page that match the locator are visible
visibilityOfElementLocated(By locator)	An expectation for checking that an element is present on the DOM of a page and visible
visibilityOfNestedElementsLocatedBy(By parent, By childLocator)	An expectation for checking child WebElement as a part of parent element to be visible
visibilityOfNestedElementsLocatedBy(WebElement element, By childLocator)	An expectation for checking child WebElement as a part of parent element to be visible

Out of the scope:

Method	Description
domAttributeToBe(WebElement element, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String value)	An expectation for checking given WebElement has DOM attribute with a specific value
domPropertyToBe(WebElement element, java.lang.String property, java.lang.String value)	An expectation for checking given WebElement has DOM property with a specific value

Implicit wait:

By implicitly waiting, WebDriver polls the DOM for a certain duration when trying to find any element.

• [Covered] Implicit wait

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(10));

Fluent wait:

FluentWait instance defines the maximum amount of time to wait for a condition, as well as the frequency with which to check the condition. Users may configure the wait to ignore specific types of exceptions whilst waiting, such as NoSuchElementException when searching for an element on the page.

• [To cover] Waiting 30 seconds for an element to be present on the page, checking for its presence once every 5 seconds

Wait<WebDriver> wait = new FluentWait<>(driver)
        .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30))
        .pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
        .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

WebElement foo = wait.until(driver -> driver.findElement(By.id("foo")));

Actions API

Unlike the high-level element interactions, which conducts additional validations, the Actions API provides granular control over input devices. Selenium provides access to 3 input sources: key inputs for keyboard devices, pointer inputs for a mouse, pen or touch device, and a wheel inputs for scroll wheel support.

Keyboard:

• [Covered] Enter a "webdriver" text and perform "ENTER" keyboard action

driver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("webdriver" + Keys.ENTER);

• [Covered] Perform "ENTER" keyboard action using Actions object

Actions action = new Actions(driver);
action.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).perform();

• [Covered] Enters text "qwerty" with keyDown SHIFT key and after keyUp SHIFT key (QWERTYqwerty)

Actions action = new Actions(driver);
WebElement search = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
action.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).sendKeys(search,"qwerty").keyUp(Keys.SHIFT).sendKeys("qwerty").perform();

Mouse:

• [To cover] Click and hold mouse

WebElement searchBtn = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Sign in"));
Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
actionProvider.clickAndHold(searchBtn).build().perform();

• [To cover] Right click on element

WebElement searchBtn = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Sign in"));
Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
actionProvider.contextClick(searchBtn).build().perform();

• [To cover] Double click on element

WebElement searchBtn = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Sign in"));
Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
actionProvider.doubleClick(searchBtn).build().perform();

• [To cover] Move to element - scroll to a view where element is located and move mouse cursor to a middle of this element

WebElement gmailLink = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Gmail"));
Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
actionProvider.moveToElement(gmailLink).build().perform();

• [Out of scope] Move by offset - move the mouse from its current position (or 0,0) to the element

// Store 'Gmail' anchor web element
WebElement gmailLink = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Gmail"));

// Capture x and y offset positions of element
int xOffset = gmailLink.getRect().getX();
int yOffset = gmailLink.getRect().getY();

Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
// Performs mouse move action onto the offset position
actionProvider.moveByOffset(xOffset, yOffset).build().perform();

• [Out of scope] DragAndDrop - click and hold the source element, move to the location of the target element and then releases the mouse

WebElement sourceEle = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
WebElement targetEle = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));
Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
actionProvider.dragAndDrop(sourceEle, targetEle).build().perform();

• [Out of scope] DragAndDropBy - click and hold the source element, move to the location of the given offset and then releases the mouse

WebElement sourceEle = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
WebElement targetEle = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));
int targetEleXOffset = targetEle.getLocation().getX();
int targetEleYOffset = targetEle.getLocation().getY();

Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
actionProvider.dragAndDropBy(sourceEle, targetEleXOffset, targetEleYOffset).build().perform();

• [Out of scope] Release - releases the depressed left mouse button. If WebElement is passed, it will release depressed left mouse button on the given WebElement

WebElement sourceEle = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
WebElement targetEle = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));

Actions actionProvider = new Actions(driver);
actionProvider.clickAndHold(sourceEle).moveToElement(targetEle).build().perform();
actionProvider.release().build().perform();