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Emscripten support: wasm & webgpu in browser #309

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Emscripten support: wasm & webgpu in browser #309

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5a20226
Emscripten initial implementation
Deins May 29, 2023
b63885f
Improvements
Deins May 31, 2023
b4881d4
Merge branch 'michal-z:main' into emscripten
Deins May 31, 2023
d1b7804
Emscripten: fix imgui, linker warnings. Cleanup
Deins Jun 5, 2023
b4d319e
Refactor emscripten build, add gui sample
Deins Jun 11, 2023
35af55e
Port sample instanced-pills
Deins Jun 11, 2023
a2d1ea9
Merge with main, zig 0.11.0-dev.3892+0a6cd257b
Deins Jun 30, 2023
560dac0
zig update fixes, removes zems custom bindings
Deins Jul 3, 2023
2924d8b
Merge remote-tracking branch 'fork/main' into emscripten
Deins Jul 28, 2023
c341dc7
Merge and latest emsdk a895e3d06 fixes
Deins Jul 28, 2023
f3649d7
Small readme cleanup
Deins Jul 28, 2023
e5c8e91
Minor cleanup
Deins Aug 6, 2023
d5a0cd2
Merge remote-tracking branch 'fork/main' into emscripten
Deins Aug 6, 2023
8098d3c
Merge fixes
Deins Aug 6, 2023
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125 changes: 108 additions & 17 deletions build.zig
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -22,8 +22,9 @@ pub fn build(b: *std.Build) void {
"Enable DirectX 12 GPU-Based Validation (GBV)",
) orelse false,
.zpix_enable = b.option(bool, "zpix-enable", "Enable PIX for Windows profiler") orelse false,
.emscripten = b.option(bool, "emscripten", "Build for linking with emscripten toolchain") orelse false,
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@hazeycode hazeycode Jun 8, 2023 •
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Instead of adding another option, I think we should drive emsc builds using Zig's built-in emscripten os target, the same way as when x-compiling other targets. it can be "overridden" to freestanding wherever appropriate.

};
ensureTarget(options.target) catch return;
ensureTarget(options) catch return;
ensureGit(b.allocator) catch return;
ensureGitLfs(b.allocator, "install") catch return;
ensureGitLfs(b.allocator, "pull") catch return;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -95,22 +96,24 @@ fn packagesCrossPlatform(b: *std.Build, options: Options) void {
const target = options.target;
const optimize = options.optimize;

zopengl_pkg = zopengl.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zmath_pkg = zmath.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zpool_pkg = zpool.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zglfw_pkg = zglfw.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zsdl_pkg = zsdl.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zmesh_pkg = zmesh.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
znoise_pkg = znoise.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zstbi_pkg = zstbi.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zbullet_pkg = zbullet.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zglfw_pkg = zglfw.package(b, target, optimize, .{ .options = .{ .emscripten = options.emscripten } });
zgui_pkg = zgui.package(b, target, optimize, .{
.options = .{ .backend = .glfw_wgpu },
.options = .{ .backend = .glfw_wgpu, .emscripten = options.emscripten },
});
zgpu_pkg = zgpu.package(b, target, optimize, .{
.options = .{ .uniforms_buffer_size = 4 * 1024 * 1024 },
.options = .{ .uniforms_buffer_size = 4 * 1024 * 1024, .emscripten = options.emscripten },
.deps = .{ .zpool = zpool_pkg.zpool, .zglfw = zglfw_pkg.zglfw },
});
if (options.emscripten) return;

zopengl_pkg = zopengl.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zsdl_pkg = zsdl.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zmesh_pkg = zmesh.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
znoise_pkg = znoise.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zstbi_pkg = zstbi.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
zbullet_pkg = zbullet.package(b, target, optimize, .{});
ztracy_pkg = ztracy.package(b, target, optimize, .{
.options = .{
.enable_ztracy = !target.isDarwin(), // TODO: ztracy fails to compile on macOS.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -168,6 +171,7 @@ fn packagesWindows(b: *std.Build, options: Options) void {
fn samplesCrossPlatform(b: *std.Build, options: Options) void {
const minimal_gl = @import("samples/minimal_gl/build.zig");
const triangle_wgpu = @import("samples/triangle_wgpu/build.zig");
const triangle_wgpu_emscripten = @import("samples/triangle_wgpu_emscripten/build.zig");
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This is a good way to develop initially but I think we should make the existing cross-platform samples emscripten compatible instead of adding new sample variants. Any samples that have not yet been made compatible can be individually skipped.

const procedural_mesh_wgpu = @import("samples/procedural_mesh_wgpu/build.zig");
const textured_quad_wgpu = @import("samples/textured_quad_wgpu/build.zig");
const physically_based_rendering_wgpu = @import("samples/physically_based_rendering_wgpu/build.zig");
Expand All @@ -179,6 +183,10 @@ fn samplesCrossPlatform(b: *std.Build, options: Options) void {
const gamepad_wgpu = @import("samples/gamepad_wgpu/build.zig");
const physics_test_wgpu = @import("samples/physics_test_wgpu/build.zig");

install_options = options;
install(b, triangle_wgpu_emscripten.build(b, options), "triangle_wgpu_emscripten");
if (options.emscripten) return;

install(b, minimal_gl.build(b, options), "minimal_gl");
install(b, triangle_wgpu.build(b, options), "triangle_wgpu");
install(b, textured_quad_wgpu.build(b, options), "textured_quad_wgpu");
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -298,9 +306,13 @@ pub const Options = struct {
zd3d12_enable_gbv: bool,

zpix_enable: bool,

emscripten: bool = false,
};

var install_options: ?Options = null;
fn install(b: *std.Build, exe: *std.Build.CompileStep, comptime name: []const u8) void {
const emscripten = install_options != null and install_options.?.emscripten;
// TODO: Problems with LTO on Windows.
exe.want_lto = false;
if (exe.optimize == .ReleaseFast)
Expand All @@ -311,12 +323,17 @@ fn install(b: *std.Build, exe: *std.Build.CompileStep, comptime name: []const u8
//comptime var desc_size = std.mem.indexOf(u8, &desc_name, "\x00").?;

const install_step = b.step(name, "Build '" ++ name ++ "' demo");
install_step.dependOn(&b.addInstallArtifact(exe).step);

const run_step = b.step(name ++ "-run", "Run '" ++ name ++ "' demo");
const run_cmd = b.addRunArtifact(exe);
run_cmd.step.dependOn(install_step);
run_step.dependOn(&run_cmd.step);
if (!emscripten) {
install_step.dependOn(&b.addInstallArtifact(exe).step);

const run_step = b.step(name ++ "-run", "Run '" ++ name ++ "' demo");
const run_cmd = b.addRunArtifact(exe);
run_cmd.step.dependOn(install_step);
run_step.dependOn(&run_cmd.step);
} else {
const link_step = linkEmscripten(b, install_options.?, exe) catch unreachable;
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Linking should not happen inside install

install_step.dependOn(&link_step.step);
}

b.getInstallStep().dependOn(install_step);
}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -344,7 +361,8 @@ fn ensureZigVersion() !void {
}
}

fn ensureTarget(cross: std.zig.CrossTarget) !void {
fn ensureTarget(options: Options) !void {
const cross = options.target;
const target = (std.zig.system.NativeTargetInfo.detect(cross) catch unreachable).target;

const supported = switch (target.os.tag) {
Expand All @@ -359,6 +377,7 @@ fn ensureTarget(cross: std.zig.CrossTarget) !void {
if (target.os.version_range.semver.min.order(min_available) == .lt) break :blk false;
break :blk true;
},
.freestanding => target.cpu.arch == .wasm32 and options.emscripten,
else => false,
};
if (!supported) {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -482,3 +501,75 @@ fn ensureGitLfsContent(comptime file_path: []const u8) !void {
inline fn thisDir() []const u8 {
return comptime std.fs.path.dirname(@src().file) orelse ".";
}

pub fn linkEmscripten(b: *std.Build, options: Options, exe: *std.Build.CompileStep) !*std.Build.Step.Run {
var ems_closure: ?[]const u8 = null;
const emsdk_path = b.env_map.get("EMSDK") orelse @panic("Failed to get emscripten SDK path, have you installed & sourced the SDK?");
const emscripten_include = b.pathJoin(&.{ emsdk_path, "upstream", "emscripten", "cache", "sysroot", "include" });
exe.addSystemIncludePath(emscripten_include);
exe.stack_protector = false;
exe.disable_stack_probing = true;
exe.linkLibC();

const emlink = b.addSystemCommand(&.{"emcc"});
emlink.addArtifactArg(exe);
for (exe.link_objects.items) |link_dependency| {
switch (link_dependency) {
.other_step => |o| emlink.addArtifactArg(o),
// .c_source_file => |f| emlink.addFileSourceArg(f.source), // f.args?
// .c_source_files => |fs| for (fs.files) |f| emlink.addArg(f), // fs.flags?
else => {},
}
}
const out_path = b.pathJoin(&.{ b.pathFromRoot("."), "zig-out", "www", exe.name });
std.fs.cwd().makePath(out_path) catch unreachable;
const out_file = try std.mem.concat(b.allocator, u8, &.{ "-o", out_path, std.fs.path.sep_str ++ "index.html" });
emlink.addArgs(&.{"-sEXPORTED_FUNCTIONS=['_malloc','_emmalloc_realloc','_main']"});
//emling.addArgs(&.{"-sLLD_REPORT_UNDEFINED", "-sERROR_ON_UNDEFINED_SYMBOLS=0"});
emlink.addArg(out_file);
emlink.addArg("-sFILESYSTEM=0");
emlink.addArg("-sUSE_GLFW=3");
emlink.addArg("-sUSE_WEBGPU=1");
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Library/sample specific flags could be added separately i.e. linkEmscripten only has the common stuff

emlink.addArg("-sASYNCIFY");
//emlink.addArg("-sASYNCIFY_IGNORE_INDIRECT=1");
//emlink.addArg("-sASYNCIFY_ADVISE=1");
//emlink.addArg("-sERROR_ON_UNDEFINED_SYMBOLS=0");
emlink.addArgs(&.{ "-sINITIAL_MEMORY=64MB", "-sMALLOC=emmalloc", "-sABORTING_MALLOC=0", "-sEXIT_RUNTIME=0" });
emlink.addArg("-sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH");
emlink.addArgs(&.{ "-fno-rtti", "-fno-exceptions" });
emlink.addArg("-sWASM_BIGINT");

// there are a lot of flags that can be tried used either for debugging or optimization, these are basic defaults
// see: https://emscripten.org/docs/tools_reference/emcc.html#emccdoc
switch (options.optimize) {
.Debug => {
ems_closure = "0";
emlink.addArgs(&.{"-g"});
//emlink.addArgs(&.{"-Og"});
const source_map_base = "./"; // depending on how webserver is configured this might need to be changed
emlink.addArgs(&.{ "-gsource-map", "--source-map-base", source_map_base });
},
.ReleaseSmall => {
emlink.addArgs(&.{"-Os"});
exe.strip = true;
//emlink.addArg("-Oz");
},
.ReleaseFast => {
emlink.addArg("-O2"); // keeps function names, useful for release-debug style build
//emlink.addArgs(&.{"-flto"});
},
.ReleaseSafe => {
emlink.addArg("-O2");
},
}

if (ems_closure) |c| {
emlink.addArgs(&.{ "--closure", c });
}

// custom html shell
//emlink.addArgs(&.{ "--shell-file", "src/shell_simple.html" });

emlink.step.dependOn(&exe.step);
return emlink;
}
11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions libs/zglfw/build.zig
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -3,12 +3,15 @@ const std = @import("std");
pub const Package = struct {
zglfw: *std.Build.Module,
zglfw_c_cpp: *std.Build.CompileStep,
options: Options,

pub fn link(pkg: Package, exe: *std.Build.CompileStep) void {
exe.addModule("zglfw", pkg.zglfw);

const host = (std.zig.system.NativeTargetInfo.detect(exe.target) catch unreachable).target;

if (pkg.options.emscripten) return;

switch (host.os.tag) {
.windows => {},
.macos => {
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We can just leverage the Zigs builtin emscripten target here and treat it like the others.

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Just commited this. Not sure if its better. Its still tricky because zig modules reuse target from target its linked with (as I understand), now zglfw and zgpu etc. has to assume both .emscripten and .freestanding target means emscripten. It works as long as we don't need any other .freestanding target. But still we have to support wasm32-freestanding and emscripten os, or beter workaround has to be found to be able to use .emscripten target everywhere.

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@hazeycode hazeycode Jun 11, 2023 •
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now zglfw and zgpu etc. has to assume both .emscripten and .freestanding target means emscripten

Why? I don't understand. Do you mean that if we compile our game as freestanding we are unable to link zglfw if has been built with emscripten os tag? I thought that it would link because they are both wasm32.

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@Deins Deins Jun 12, 2023 •
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Basically issue is that I had to use wasm32-freestanding instead of emscripten for main user/sample code, otherwise I think I got issues with entry point or or _start , don't rememember, but it didn't work for me.

In regards to zglfw & libs issue is not with c but zig modules that don't support specifying different target for them: build.createModule - can't specify target. addModule() just uses target from exe its added to.
So zig bindings code such as zglfw.zig in end has to assume that builtin.target freestanding is emscripten.
Hope I explained it better this time.

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@hazeycode hazeycode Jun 12, 2023 •
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Yes, i follow now. Thanks for clarifying. I'm not sure whether it's better to deal with the entry point or not in the long run; but let's just go with this for now.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -36,6 +39,7 @@ pub const Package = struct {

pub const Options = struct {
shared: bool = false,
emscripten: bool = false,
};

pub fn package(
Expand All @@ -53,6 +57,12 @@ pub fn package(
.source_file = .{ .path = thisDir() ++ "/src/zglfw.zig" },
});

if (args.options.emscripten) return .{
.zglfw = zglfw,
.zglfw_c_cpp = undefined,
.options = args.options,
};

const zglfw_c_cpp = if (args.options.shared) blk: {
const lib = b.addSharedLibrary(.{
.name = "zglfw",
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -164,6 +174,7 @@ pub fn package(
return .{
.zglfw = zglfw,
.zglfw_c_cpp = zglfw_c_cpp,
.options = args.options,
};
}

Expand Down
5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions libs/zgpu/build.zig
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ pub const Options = struct {
bind_group_pool_size: u32 = 32,
bind_group_layout_pool_size: u32 = 32,
pipeline_layout_pool_size: u32 = 32,

emscripten : bool = false,
};

pub const Package = struct {
Expand All @@ -25,6 +27,8 @@ pub const Package = struct {
exe.addModule("zgpu", pkg.zgpu);
exe.addModule("zgpu_options", pkg.zgpu_options);

if (pkg.options.emscripten) return;

switch (target.os.tag) {
.windows => {
exe.addLibraryPath(thisDir() ++ "/../system-sdk/windows/lib/x86_64-windows-gnu");
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -95,6 +99,7 @@ pub fn package(
step.addOption(u32, "bind_group_pool_size", args.options.bind_group_pool_size);
step.addOption(u32, "bind_group_layout_pool_size", args.options.bind_group_layout_pool_size);
step.addOption(u32, "pipeline_layout_pool_size", args.options.pipeline_layout_pool_size);
step.addOption(bool, "emscripten", args.options.emscripten);

const zgpu_options = step.createModule();

Expand Down
84 changes: 84 additions & 0 deletions libs/zgpu/src/binding_tests.zig
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
const std = @import("std");
const testing = std.testing;
const c = @cImport({
@cInclude("webgpu/webgpu.h");
});
const gpu = @import("wgpu.zig");

// test struct sizes
fn assertStructBindings(zig_type: anytype, c_type: anytype) void {
if (@sizeOf(zig_type) != @sizeOf(c_type)) {
@compileLog("emscripten zgpu type has different size from webgpu.h type:", zig_type, c_type, @sizeOf(zig_type), @sizeOf(c_type));
unreachable;
}
// more checks? iterate struct fields?
// emscripten in .Debug mode asserts at runtime if required field is missing etc. but something always slips through
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I don't understand what is meant by something slips through

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core issue is why I added these tests is that webgpu.zig basically rewrites c header webgpu.h. By default it matches dawn webgpu.h but emscripten ships with its own that can have version mismatch. If zig structs doesn't match with ones in actual header problems start. For emscripten that means it will try read some struct field but might get value from different field etc. Size checks help to quickly at comptime show these. But if u32 field was removed to struct and other added at end, it will slip through leading to unknown behavior and most likely crash at runtime or worse. But its not straight forward to test at comptime whole struct due to camel-case/snake-case naming changes.

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@michal-z do you have any thoughts regarding how struct layouts can be validated?

}

comptime {
assertStructBindings(gpu.ChainedStruct, c.WGPUChainedStruct);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ChainedStructOut, c.WGPUChainedStructOut);
assertStructBindings(gpu.AdapterProperties, c.WGPUAdapterProperties);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BindGroupEntry, c.WGPUBindGroupEntry);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BlendComponent, c.WGPUBlendComponent);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BufferBindingLayout, c.WGPUBufferBindingLayout);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BufferDescriptor, c.WGPUBufferDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.Color, c.WGPUColor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.CommandBufferDescriptor, c.WGPUCommandBufferDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.CommandEncoderDescriptor, c.WGPUCommandEncoderDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.CompilationMessage, c.WGPUCompilationMessage);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ComputePassTimestampWrite, c.WGPUComputePassTimestampWrite);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ConstantEntry, c.WGPUConstantEntry);
assertStructBindings(gpu.Extent3D, c.WGPUExtent3D);
//assertStructBindings(gpu.InstanceDescriptor, c.WGPUInstanceDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.Limits, c.WGPULimits);
assertStructBindings(gpu.MultisampleState, c.WGPUMultisampleState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.Origin3D, c.WGPUOrigin3D);
assertStructBindings(gpu.PipelineLayoutDescriptor, c.WGPUPipelineLayoutDescriptor);
//assertStructBindings(gpu.PrimitiveDepthClipControl, c.WGPUPrimitiveDepthClipControl);
assertStructBindings(gpu.PrimitiveState, c.WGPUPrimitiveState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.QuerySetDescriptor, c.WGPUQuerySetDescriptor);
//assertStructBindings(gpu.QueueDescriptor, c.WGPUQueueDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderBundleDescriptor, c.WGPURenderBundleDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderBundleEncoderDescriptor, c.WGPURenderBundleEncoderDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderPassDepthStencilAttachment, c.WGPURenderPassDepthStencilAttachment);
//assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderPassDescriptorMaxDrawCount, c.WGPURenderPassDescriptorMaxDrawCount);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderPassTimestampWrite, c.WGPURenderPassTimestampWrite);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RequestAdapterOptions, c.WGPURequestAdapterOptions);
assertStructBindings(gpu.SamplerBindingLayout, c.WGPUSamplerBindingLayout);
assertStructBindings(gpu.SamplerDescriptor, c.WGPUSamplerDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ShaderModuleDescriptor, c.WGPUShaderModuleDescriptor);
//assertStructBindings(gpu.ShaderModuleSPIRVDescriptor, c.WGPUShaderModuleSPIRVDescriptor);
//assertStructBindings(gpu.ShaderModuleWGSLDescriptor, c.WGPUShaderModuleWGSLDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.StencilFaceState, c.WGPUStencilFaceState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.StorageTextureBindingLayout, c.WGPUStorageTextureBindingLayout);
assertStructBindings(gpu.SurfaceDescriptor, c.WGPUSurfaceDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.SurfaceDescriptorFromCanvasHTMLSelector, c.WGPUSurfaceDescriptorFromCanvasHTMLSelector);
//assertStructBindings(gpu.SwapChainDescriptor, c.WGPUSwapChainDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.TextureBindingLayout, c.WGPUTextureBindingLayout);
assertStructBindings(gpu.TextureDataLayout, c.WGPUTextureDataLayout);
assertStructBindings(gpu.TextureViewDescriptor, c.WGPUTextureViewDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.VertexAttribute, c.WGPUVertexAttribute);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BindGroupDescriptor, c.WGPUBindGroupDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BindGroupLayoutEntry, c.WGPUBindGroupLayoutEntry);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BlendState, c.WGPUBlendState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.CompilationInfo, c.WGPUCompilationInfo);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ComputePassDescriptor, c.WGPUComputePassDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.DepthStencilState, c.WGPUDepthStencilState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ImageCopyBuffer, c.WGPUImageCopyBuffer);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ImageCopyTexture, c.WGPUImageCopyTexture);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ProgrammableStageDescriptor, c.WGPUProgrammableStageDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderPassColorAttachment, c.WGPURenderPassColorAttachment);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RequiredLimits, c.WGPURequiredLimits);
assertStructBindings(gpu.SupportedLimits, c.WGPUSupportedLimits);
assertStructBindings(gpu.TextureDescriptor, c.WGPUTextureDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.VertexBufferLayout, c.WGPUVertexBufferLayout);
assertStructBindings(gpu.BindGroupLayoutDescriptor, c.WGPUBindGroupLayoutDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ColorTargetState, c.WGPUColorTargetState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.ComputePipelineDescriptor, c.WGPUComputePipelineDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.DeviceDescriptor, c.WGPUDeviceDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderPassDescriptor, c.WGPURenderPassDescriptor);
assertStructBindings(gpu.VertexState, c.WGPUVertexState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.FragmentState, c.WGPUFragmentState);
assertStructBindings(gpu.RenderPipelineDescriptor, c.WGPURenderPipelineDescriptor);
}