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978. 最长湍流子数组 - Longest Turbulent Subarray

当 A 的子数组 A[i], A[i+1], ..., A[j] 满足下列条件时,我们称其为湍流子数组:

若 i <= k < j,当 k 为奇数时, A[k] > A[k+1],且当 k 为偶数时,A[k] < A[k+1];
或 若 i <= k < j,当 k 为偶数时,A[k] > A[k+1] ,且当 k 为奇数时, A[k] < A[k+1]。
也就是说,如果比较符号在子数组中的每个相邻元素对之间翻转,则该子数组是湍流子数组。

返回 A 的最大湍流子数组的长度。

Example:

示例 1:

输入:[9,4,2,10,7,8,8,1,9]
输出:5
解释:(A[1] > A[2] < A[3] > A[4] < A[5])

示例 2:

输入:[4,8,12,16]
输出:2

示例 3:

输入:[100]
输出:1

提示:

  1. 1 <= A.length <= 40000
  2. 0 <= A[i] <= 10^9

Solutions

Solution ( 15ms)

class Solution {
  public int maxTurbulenceSize(int[] A) {
    int length = A.length;
    if (length == 1) {
      return 1;
    } else if (length == 2) {
      return A[0] == A[1] ? 1 : 2;
    }
    
    int lastCOmpare = Integer.compare(A[0], A[1]);
    int presentCompare;
    int maxLength = 0;
    int curLength = lastCOmpare == 0 ? 1 : 2;
    for (int i = 1, len = length - 1; i < len; i++) {
      presentCompare = Integer.compare(A[i], A[i+1]);
      if (lastCOmpare == 0) {
        lastCOmpare = presentCompare;
        curLength = lastCOmpare == 0 ? 1 : 2;
        continue;
      } else if (presentCompare == 0) {
        lastCOmpare = presentCompare;
        if (curLength > maxLength) {
          maxLength = curLength;
        }
        curLength = 1;
      } else if (Math.abs(presentCompare + lastCOmpare) == 2) {
        lastCOmpare = presentCompare;
        if (curLength > maxLength) {
          maxLength = curLength;
        }
        curLength = 2;
      } else {
        lastCOmpare = presentCompare;
        curLength++;
      }
    }
    if (curLength > maxLength) {
          maxLength = curLength;
    }
    return maxLength;
  }
}

Solution ( 22ms)

class Solution {
    public int maxTurbulenceSize(int[] A) {
        int N = A.length;
        int ans = 1;
        int anchor = 0;

        for (int i = 1; i < N; ++i) {
            int c = Integer.compare(A[i-1], A[i]);
            if (i == N-1 || c * Integer.compare(A[i], A[i+1]) != -1) {
                if (c != 0) ans = Math.max(ans, i - anchor + 1);
                anchor = i;
            }
        }

        return ans;
    }
}

Solution (11ms)

class Solution {
    public int maxTurbulenceSize(int[] A) {
        if (A.length == 1)
            return 1;
        int[] o = new int[A.length-1];
        for (int i = 0; i < A.length - 1; ++i) {
            if (A[i + 1] - A[i] > 0) {
                o[i]=1;
            } else if (A[i + 1] - A[i] < 0) {
                o[i]=-1;
            } else {
                o[i]=0;
            }
        }
        int count=0;
        int maxCount=0;
       for(int i=0;i<o.length-1;++i)
        {
            if(o[i]*o[i+1]==-1)
            {
                count++;
                if(maxCount<count)
                    maxCount=count;
            }else{
                count=0;
            }
        }
        return maxCount+2;
    }
}

Notes

思路

显然,我们只需要关注相邻两个数字之间的符号就可以了。 如果用 -1, 0, 1 代表比较符的话(分别对应 <、 =、 >),那么我们的目标就是在符号序列中找到一个最长的元素交替子序列 1, -1, 1, -1, ...(从 1 或者 -1 开始都可以)。

这些交替的比较符会形成若干个连续的块 。我们知道何时一个块会结束:当已经到符号序列末尾的时候或者当序列元素不再交替的时候。

举一个例子,假设给定数组为 A = [9,4,2,10,7,8,8,1,9]。那么符号序列就是 [1,1,-1,1,-1,0,-1,1]。它可以被划分成的块为 [1], [1,-1,1,-1], [0], [-1,1]

算法

从左往右扫描这个数组,如果我们扫描到了一个块的末尾(不再交替或者符号序列已经结束),那么就记录下这个块的答案并将其作为一个候选答案,然后设置下一个元素(如果有的话)为下一个块的开头。