Minio on a Raspberry Pi 3B plus with Raspbian (Debian Buster 10.0)
The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ single board computer from the Raspberry Pi Foundation has a 1.4 GHz quad-core ARMv8 CPU, 1 GByte main memory and a Gigabit Ethernet interface.
This installation tutorial explains the installation of a Raspberry Pi 3 device from scratch and the configuration of s3cmd on your computer.
This implies that you have already an installation of s3cmd on the system you want to use for the interaction with the Minio storage service.
$ wget http://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspbian_lite/images/raspbian_lite-2019-09-30/2019-09-26-raspbian-buster-lite.zip
$ unzip 2019-09-26-raspbian-buster-lite.zip
Archive: 2019-09-26-raspbian-buster-lite.zip
inflating: 2019-09-26-raspbian-buster-lite.img
$ lsblk | grep mm
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29,8G 0 disk
└─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 29,8G 0 part
Check which one is the correct device! If you use an internal card reader, it is often /dev/mmcblk0.
$ sudo dd bs=4M if=2019-09-26-raspbian-buster-lite.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 status=progress
$ sudo sync
Default login of this image is pi/raspberry. To become user root, execute sudo su.
Older Raspbian versions started the SSH server by default. Because of security reasons (as explained here), all Raspbian versions since version 2016-11-25 (see the release notes) have the SSH server disabled by default. To get the SSH server automatically activated during boot time, create a file ssh with any content (or just an empty file) inside the boot partition (it is the first partition) of the micro SD card.
$ lsblk | grep mm
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29,8G 0 disk
├─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 256M 0 part
└─mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 1,9G 0 part
$ sudo mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /media/
$ df | grep mm
/dev/mmcblk0p1 258095 53032 205064 21% /media
$ sudo touch /media/ssh
$ sync
$ sudo umount /media
The Raspbian operating system will try to fetch network configuration by using DHCP on the Ethernet interface per default.
If DHCP is not the desired solution, you may want to specify a static IP address for the single board computer. Leave the file /etc/network/interfaces at its default, because since Debian 9 (Stretch) it effectively does nothing. Instead, modify the file /media/etc/dhcpcd.conf.
$ sudo mount /dev/mmcblk0p2 /media/
$ sudo joe /media/etc/dhcpcd.conf
Insert these lines:
# Static address, routes and dns
interface eth0
static ip_address=10.0.2.1/16
static routers=10.0.0.1
static domain_name_servers=10.0.0.1
$ sudo umount /media
$ sync
Insert the micro SD card into the Raspberry Pi computer, connect it with the Ethernet cable and the micro USB cable for power supply and switch on the power supply. The operating system will try to fetch network configuration by using DHCP on the Ethernet interface per default. If you activated the SSH server, you can now log in via SSH.
After you logged into the single boad computer with SSH, you can now configure the computer with the raspi-config tool.
$ sudo raspi-config
This is not required for running Minio, but the Raspberry Pi 3 has just 1 GB of main memory which is not much at all and there is no need to waste 48 MB.
A part of the main memory (just 1 GB) is assigned to the GPU. A pure server does not need a GPU at all. The share can me specified via the raspi-config tool. The minimum value is 16 MB, which is more useful compared with the default value (64 MB).
After the new value is specified and after a reboot, the new value should be visible:
$ vcgencmd get_mem gpu
gpu=16M
This is not required for running Minio, but it is always useful to configure the operating system properly
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
$ cat /etc/timezone
Europe/Berlin
It is also possible to specify the time zone via the raspi-config tool.
It is more handy to have network names like eth0 in Raspbian. Use the raspi-config tool.
Reboot the system.
$ uname -a
Linux raspberrypi 4.19.75-v7+ #1270 SMP Tue Sep 24 18:45:11 BST 2019 armv7l GNU/Linux
$ ip -4 addr show | grep global
inet 10.0.2.1/16 brd 10.0.255.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
This is not required for running Minio, but it is always useful to have the correct time on a computer
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y ntp ntpdate
Now the time sould be synchronized with several NTP servers.
$ ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
0.debian.pool.n .POOL. 16 p - 64 0 0.000 0.000 0.002
1.debian.pool.n .POOL. 16 p - 64 0 0.000 0.000 0.002
2.debian.pool.n .POOL. 16 p - 64 0 0.000 0.000 0.002
3.debian.pool.n .POOL. 16 p - 64 0 0.000 0.000 0.002
213.251.53.187 193.0.0.229 2 u 2 64 1 7.757 -1.185 0.023
nbg01.muxx.net 40.33.41.76 2 u 2 64 1 10.579 -0.898 0.028
stratum2-1.NTP. 129.70.130.71 2 u 1 64 1 17.376 0.563 0.258
x8d1ee404.agdsn 193.175.73.151 2 u 2 64 1 22.135 -0.846 0.062
ntp.informatik. 124.216.164.14 2 u 1 64 1 16.043 -0.785 0.297
kabel.akku.expr .DCFa. 1 u 1 64 1 26.807 -3.012 0.002
cluster002.lino 130.149.17.21 2 u 2 64 1 11.572 -3.866 0.088
mail.masters-of 131.211.8.244 2 u 1 64 1 11.611 -1.134 0.002
y.ns.gin.ntt.ne 249.224.99.213 2 u 2 64 1 19.203 -6.312 0.176
golf.zq1.de 205.46.178.169 2 u 1 64 1 12.154 -0.693 0.077
bo.leptonics.co 187.182.182.166 3 u 1 64 1 12.197 -1.253 0.002
tom.linocomm.ne 130.149.17.21 2 u 1 64 1 12.793 -1.525 0.002
Check the time and date:
$ date -R
Sat, 05 Oct 2019 15:18:36 +0200
They are not required for the installation of Minio, but just nice to have.
$ sudo apt-get install -y curl htop joe nmap git
cd $HOME
FileName='go1.13.1.linux-armv6l.tar.gz'
wget https://dl.google.com/go/$FileName
sudo tar -C /usr/local -xvf $FileName
cat >> ~/.bashrc << 'EOF'
export GOPATH=$HOME/go
export PATH=/usr/local/go/bin:$PATH:$GOPATH/bin
EOF
source ~/.bashrc
All required steps are described in the Minio Quickstart Guide here: https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/README.md
This tutorial has been tested with Minio revision 2019-10-02T21-19-38Z. Later revisions may or may not work.
$ cd $HOME
$ git clone --branch RELEASE.2019-10-02T21-19-38Z https://github.com/minio/minio/
$ cd minio/
$ make install
The binary is no inside the folder /home/pi/go/bin.
$ ls -l ~/go/bin
insgesamt 36680
-rwxr-xr-x 1 pi pi 37617664 Okt 5 11:16 minio
Create a folder for the objects and buckets.
mkdir ~/minio-data
Start Minio.
$ ~/go/bin/minio server ~/minio-data/
Endpoint: http://10.0.2.1:9000 http://127.0.0.1:9000
AccessKey: RZ26HANXN6EHUSX3LYKE
SecretKey: TuhruFQNumkC9eZcriXbWhKzvDf2d+BSDJU5AMz6
Browser Access:
http://10.0.2.1:9000 http://127.0.0.1:9000
Command-line Access: https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-client-quickstart-guide
$ mc config host add myminio http://10.0.2.1:9000 RZ26HANXN6EHUSX3LYKE TuhruFQNumkC9eZcriXbWhKzvDf2d+BSDJU5AMz6
Object API (Amazon S3 compatible):
Go: https://docs.min.io/docs/golang-client-quickstart-guide
Java: https://docs.min.io/docs/java-client-quickstart-guide
Python: https://docs.min.io/docs/python-client-quickstart-guide
JavaScript: https://docs.min.io/docs/javascript-client-quickstart-guide
.NET: https://docs.min.io/docs/dotnet-client-quickstart-guide
Minio provides a handy web user interface.
All required steps are described here: https://docs.minio.io/docs/s3cmd-with-minio
Just these lines need to be modified:
access_key = RZ26HANXN6EHUSX3LYKE
host_base = <the_ip_of_your_raspberry>:9000
host_bucket = <the_ip_of_your_raspberry>:9000
secret_key = TuhruFQNumkC9eZcriXbWhKzvDf2d+BSDJU5AMz6
bucket_location = us-east-1
use_https = False
signature_v2 = False
Now s3cmd should work properly with the Minio service.
$ s3cmd mb s3://testbucket
Bucket 's3://testbucket/' created
bnc@olymp-x270:~$ s3cmd ls
2019-10-05 13:49 s3://testbucket
Important !!! When using s3cmd together with Minio, the buckets names must not contain capital letters. Otherwise you will just get this error message:
$ s3cmd mb s3://TESTBUCKET
ERROR: S3 error: 400 (InvalidBucketName): The specified bucket is not valid.
The user access key and secret access key can be specified via the environment variables MINIO_ACCESS_KEY and MINIO_SECRET_KEY.
Minio provides internal replication of the object data via multiple local folders.
$ minio server /mnt/folder1 /mnt/folder2/ /mnt/folder3/ /mnt/folder4/
If is possible to specify the behavior of Minio with a config file:
~/.minio/config.json
Inside this file, it is among others specified...
- the user access key and secret access key. This is important in order to keep your credentials- after a restart of the Minio service.
- several further credentials and endpoint information (e.g. to AWS-S3 or Google CS) if desired.
- if the web user interface shall be used.
- if the server shall print out messages on command line and the logging level.
- if the server shall write messages in a logfile and the file name as well as the logging level.
If the port number is not specified with option --address ":<number>", the default port number of Minio (9000) will be used.
If you want to start Minio automatically after each reboot, just execute sudo crontab -e and insert this line into the crontab:
@reboot /home/pi/go/bin/minio server /home/pi/minio-data/