This repository is the necessary bits to get the vdso based Dirty Cow POC working inside a docker container. All the really exciting stuff was done by Scumjr, see his POC repo over at https://github.com/scumjr/dirtycow-vdso.
There is also a writeup and youtube video of using the above exploit to break out of a docker container on my blog:
https://blog.paranoidsoftware.com/dirty-cow-cve-2016-5195-docker-container-escape/
cheers!